Question 1

Sensory adaptation refers to changes in responses that occur due to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  changes in the nervous system that hinder transmission from sensory to motor neurons 
B)  changes in the nervous system that facilitate transmission from sensory to motor neurons 
C)  changes in the sensory receptors 
D)  changes in the muscles 
A)  changes in the nervous system that hinder transmission from sensory to motor neurons 
B)  changes in the nervous system that facilitate transmission from sensory to motor neurons 
C)  changes in the sensory receptors 
D)  changes in the muscles C

Question 2

How can a response that has decreased through habituation to the eliciting stimulus be reinstated? Describe two methods.

Accepted Answer

One method to reinstate a response that has decreased through habituation is through dishabituation. This involves introducing a new or novel stimulus alongside the original eliciting stimulus. The new stimulus can capture the attention of the organism and cause the habituated response to be reinstated.

Another method is through spontaneous recovery. This occurs when the organism is given a rest period after habituation, and then the original eliciting stimulus is presented again. During this rest period, the habituated response may recover and be reinstated when the stimulus is reintroduced.

Question 3

Which of the following is true regarding the respiratory occlusion reflex?

Accepted Answer

A)  It causes humans to hold their breath underwater. 
B)  It is a multistage response to a reduction of airflow. 
C)  It allows nursing to proceed when the nose is covered. 
D)  It causes an infant to orient towards the nipple. 
A)  It causes humans to hold their breath underwater. 
B)  It is a multistage response to a reduction of airflow. 
C)  It allows nursing to proceed when the nose is covered. 
D)  It causes an infant to orient towards the nipple. B

Question 4

Habituation is to sensitization as

Accepted Answer

A)  motor is to sensory. 
B)  S-R is to state. 
C)  S-S is to S-R. 
D)  state is to S-S. 
A)  motor is to sensory. 
B)  S-R is to state. 
C)  S-S is to S-R. 
D)  state is to S-S.

Question 5

Your friend is surprised by his grandmother's reaction to the unfortunate passing of her husband.Although for years she had shown her husband no overt signs of affection,his death has left her devastated.You explain to your friend that according to the opponent-process theory this change is due to

Accepted Answer

A)  a new a process activated by the funeral. 
B)  a new b process activated by the funeral. 
C)  the removal of the a process associated with her husband. 
D)  the removal of the b process associated with her husband. 
A)  a new a process activated by the funeral. 
B)  a new b process activated by the funeral. 
C)  the removal of the a process associated with her husband. 
D)  the removal of the b process associated with her husband.

Question 6

Habituation in the Aplysia occurs due to

Accepted Answer

A)  changes in the facilitory interneuron. 
B)  changes in the sensitivity of the motor neuron. 
C)  changes in the amount of neurotransmitter released by the sensory neuron. 
D)  changes in the action potential of the sensory neuron. 
A)  changes in the facilitory interneuron. 
B)  changes in the sensitivity of the motor neuron. 
C)  changes in the amount of neurotransmitter released by the sensory neuron. 
D)  changes in the action potential of the sensory neuron.

Question 7

Describe components of the startle response and how the startle response may undergo sensitization.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe components of the startle response and...

Question 8

What factors influence the elicitation of a modal action pattern?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What factors influence the elicitation of a...

Question 9

Appetitive behaviors are most correctly described by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  activities that because of their vigor increase hunger 
B)  early components of a behavior sequence 
C)  activities that satisfy an appetite or drive 
D)  end components of an organized sequence of behaviors 
A)  activities that because of their vigor increase hunger 
B)  early components of a behavior sequence 
C)  activities that satisfy an appetite or drive 
D)  end components of an organized sequence of behaviors

Question 10

Goal-directed behavior that brings about a desirable outcome

Accepted Answer

A)  is considered largely immune from habituation and sensitization effects. 
B)  will show habituation, but not sensitization effects. 
C)  will show sensitization, but not habituation effects. 
D)  will show many of the properties common to habituation and sensitization. 
A)  is considered largely immune from habituation and sensitization effects. 
B)  will show habituation, but not sensitization effects. 
C)  will show sensitization, but not habituation effects. 
D)  will show many of the properties common to habituation and sensitization.

Question 11

What is the difference between a modal action pattern and a simple general reflex? Provide an example of each.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the difference between a modal...

Question 12

The stabilimeter measures which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  startle responses in rats 
B)  taxes in rats 
C)  kinesis in rats 
D)  orientation responses in rats 
A)  startle responses in rats 
B)  taxes in rats 
C)  kinesis in rats 
D)  orientation responses in rats

Question 13

A bright light causes a startle response.The second presentation of the light elicits less of a response because the subject was temporarily blinded by the first light flash.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  habituation. 
B)  sensitization. 
C)  sensory adaptation. 
A)  habituation. 
B)  sensitization. 
C)  sensory adaptation.

Question 14

According to Groves and Thompson (1970),which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Habituation and sensitization processes occur in different parts of the nervous system. 
B)  Habituation is similar to fatigue; sensitization is similar to adaptation. 
C)  Habituation is similar to adaptation; sensitization is similar to fatigue. 
D)  Both habituation and sensitization occur at the level of the sensory receptors. 
A)  Habituation and sensitization processes occur in different parts of the nervous system. 
B)  Habituation is similar to fatigue; sensitization is similar to adaptation. 
C)  Habituation is similar to adaptation; sensitization is similar to fatigue. 
D)  Both habituation and sensitization occur at the level of the sensory receptors.

Question 15

Sensory adaptation occurs in which of the following physiological areas?

Accepted Answer

A)  the nervous system 
B)  the sense organ 
C)  the muscle tissue 
D)  the interneuron 
A)  the nervous system 
B)  the sense organ 
C)  the muscle tissue 
D)  the interneuron

Question 16

An emotion-arousing stimulus elicits

Accepted Answer

A)  emotion after-effects directly. 
B)  the a process directly. 
C)  the b process directly. 
D)  the a and b processes directly. 
A)  emotion after-effects directly. 
B)  the a process directly. 
C)  the b process directly. 
D)  the a and b processes directly.

Question 17

Sensitization in the Aplysia occurs due to

Accepted Answer

A)  engagement of the facilitory interneuron. 
B)  changes in the sensitivity of the motor neuron. 
C)  changes in the sensitivity of the sensory neuron 
D)  changes in the action potential of the sensory neuron. 
A)  engagement of the facilitory interneuron. 
B)  changes in the sensitivity of the motor neuron. 
C)  changes in the sensitivity of the sensory neuron 
D)  changes in the action potential of the sensory neuron.

Question 18

Describe sign stimuli involved in the control of human behavior.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe sign stimuli involved in the control...

Question 19

To rule out response fatigue as the cause for the decreased responding that occurs over repeated presentations of a stimulus,the researcher should

Accepted Answer

A)  determine if the subject can still sense the stimulus. 
B)  determine if the subject is responding to the stimulus in other ways. 
C)  present a new stimulus that elicits a similar response. 
D)  present a new stimulus that elicits an unrelated response. 
A)  determine if the subject can still sense the stimulus. 
B)  determine if the subject is responding to the stimulus in other ways. 
C)  present a new stimulus that elicits a similar response. 
D)  present a new stimulus that elicits an unrelated response.

Question 20

Repeated presentations of a tactile stimulus make the skin receptors less sensitive,and responding decreases across trials.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  response fatigue. 
B)  sensory adaptation. 
C)  habituation. 
D)  sensitization. 
A)  response fatigue. 
B)  sensory adaptation. 
C)  habituation. 
D)  sensitization.

Sensory adaptation refers to changes in responses that occur due to which of the following?

How can a response that has decreased through habituation to the eliciting stimulus be reinstated? Describe two methods.

Which of the following is true regarding the respiratory occlusion reflex?

Habituation is to sensitization as

Your friend is surprised by his grandmother's reaction to the unfortunate passing of her husband.Although for years she had shown her husband no overt signs of affection,his death has left her devastated.You explain to your friend that according to the opponent-process theory this change is due to

Habituation in the Aplysia occurs due to

Describe components of the startle response and how the startle response may undergo sensitization.

What factors influence the elicitation of a modal action pattern?

Appetitive behaviors are most correctly described by which of the following?

Goal-directed behavior that brings about a desirable outcome

What is the difference between a modal action pattern and a simple general reflex? Provide an example of each.

The stabilimeter measures which of the following?

A bright light causes a startle response.The second presentation of the light elicits less of a response because the subject was temporarily blinded by the first light flash.This is an example of

According to Groves and Thompson (1970),which of the following is true?

Sensory adaptation occurs in which of the following physiological areas?

An emotion-arousing stimulus elicits

Sensitization in the Aplysia occurs due to

Describe sign stimuli involved in the control of human behavior.

To rule out response fatigue as the cause for the decreased responding that occurs over repeated presentations of a stimulus,the researcher should

Repeated presentations of a tactile stimulus make the skin receptors less sensitive,and responding decreases across trials.This is an example of

Introduction

Classical Conditioning: Foundations

Classical Conditioning: Mechanisms

Instrumental Conditioning: Foundations

Schedules of Reinforcement and Choice Behavior

Instrumental Conditioning: Motivational Mechanisms

Stimulus Control of Behavior

Extinction of Conditioned Behavior

Aversive Control: Avoidance and Punishment

Comparative Cognition I: Memory Mechanisms

Comparative Cognition II: Special Topics

Filters

Exam 2: Elicited Behavior, Habituation, and Sensitization

Sensory adaptation refers to changes in responses that occur due to which of the following?

How can a response that has decreased through habituation to the eliciting stimulus be reinstated? Describe two methods.

Which of the following is true regarding the respiratory occlusion reflex?

Habituation is to sensitization as

Your friend is surprised by his grandmother's reaction to the unfortunate passing of her husband.Although for years she had shown her husband no overt signs of affection,his death has left her devastated.You explain to your friend that according to the opponent-process theory this change is due to

Habituation in the Aplysia occurs due to

Describe components of the startle response and how the startle response may undergo sensitization.

What factors influence the elicitation of a modal action pattern?

Appetitive behaviors are most correctly described by which of the following?

Goal-directed behavior that brings about a desirable outcome

What is the difference between a modal action pattern and a simple general reflex? Provide an example of each.

The stabilimeter measures which of the following?

A bright light causes a startle response.The second presentation of the light elicits less of a response because the subject was temporarily blinded by the first light flash.This is an example of

According to Groves and Thompson (1970),which of the following is true?

Sensory adaptation occurs in which of the following physiological areas?

An emotion-arousing stimulus elicits

Sensitization in the Aplysia occurs due to

Describe sign stimuli involved in the control of human behavior.

To rule out response fatigue as the cause for the decreased responding that occurs over repeated presentations of a stimulus,the researcher should

Repeated presentations of a tactile stimulus make the skin receptors less sensitive,and responding decreases across trials.This is an example of

Introduction

Classical Conditioning: Foundations

Classical Conditioning: Mechanisms

Instrumental Conditioning: Foundations

Schedules of Reinforcement and Choice Behavior

Instrumental Conditioning: Motivational Mechanisms

Stimulus Control of Behavior

Extinction of Conditioned Behavior

Aversive Control: Avoidance and Punishment

Comparative Cognition I: Memory Mechanisms

Comparative Cognition II: Special Topics

Filters