Question 1

Increasing CS or US intensity has which of the following effects?

Accepted Answer

A)  speeds associative learning and makes the final level of conditioned responding greater 
B)  speeds associative learning, but has little effect on the final level of conditioned responding 
C)  makes the final level of conditioned responding greater, but has little effect on the speed of associative learning 
D)  has little effect on the speed of associative learning or the final level of conditioned responding 
A)  speeds associative learning and makes the final level of conditioned responding greater 
B)  speeds associative learning, but has little effect on the final level of conditioned responding 
C)  makes the final level of conditioned responding greater, but has little effect on the speed of associative learning 
D)  has little effect on the speed of associative learning or the final level of conditioned responding A

Question 2

How do current approaches to stimulus substitution differ from Pavlov's approach?

Accepted Answer

Answer not provided

Question 3

According to Kamin,surprisingness of the US is important in classical conditioning procedures because of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  It stimulates the mental effort needed to form associations. 
B)  It startles the subject and blocks new learning about stimulus A. 
C)  It startles the subject and blocks new learning about stimulus B. 
D)  It startles the subject and blocks new learning about stimulus A and stimulus B. 
A)  It stimulates the mental effort needed to form associations. 
B)  It startles the subject and blocks new learning about stimulus A. 
C)  It startles the subject and blocks new learning about stimulus B. 
D)  It startles the subject and blocks new learning about stimulus A and stimulus B. A

Question 4

In the second phase of a blocking experiment,which of the following occurs?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both groups receive the same treatment. 
B)  The experimental group receives exposure to a compound stimulus; the control group receives exposure to a single stimulus. 
C)  The experimental group receives exposure to a single stimulus; the control group receives exposure to a compound stimulus. 
D)  The experimental group receives exposure to a compound stimulus; the control group does not receive any further training. 
A)  Both groups receive the same treatment. 
B)  The experimental group receives exposure to a compound stimulus; the control group receives exposure to a single stimulus. 
C)  The experimental group receives exposure to a single stimulus; the control group receives exposure to a compound stimulus. 
D)  The experimental group receives exposure to a compound stimulus; the control group does not receive any further training.

Question 5

When live rats were used as the CS in Pavlovian food conditioning trials presented to other,subject rats,the subject rats treated the CS rats in a manner

Accepted Answer

A)  predicted by the stimulus substitution model. 
B)  predicted by the compensatory-response model. 
C)  predicted by the US devaluation learning model. 
D)  not predicted by any of the other answers presented here. 
A)  predicted by the stimulus substitution model. 
B)  predicted by the compensatory-response model. 
C)  predicted by the US devaluation learning model. 
D)  not predicted by any of the other answers presented here.

Question 6

How might a researcher determine whether conditioned responding is due to S-S or S-R learning?

Accepted Answer

A)  run test trials with a novel CS 
B)  run test trials with a novel US 
C)  change the value of the CS 
D)  change the value of the US 
A)  run test trials with a novel CS 
B)  run test trials with a novel US 
C)  change the value of the CS 
D)  change the value of the US

Question 7

According to Kamin,the blocking effect occurs because of which choice below?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stimulus B fully predicts the US, and the subject habituates to stimulus A. 
B)  Stimulus B predicts the US, and the subject is not surprised by the arrival of the US in later trials. 
C)  Stimulus A predicts the US, and the subject is not surprised by the arrival of the US in later trials. 
D)  Stimulus A does not predict the US, and the animal is startled by the arrival of the US in later trials. 
A)  Stimulus B fully predicts the US, and the subject habituates to stimulus A. 
B)  Stimulus B predicts the US, and the subject is not surprised by the arrival of the US in later trials. 
C)  Stimulus A predicts the US, and the subject is not surprised by the arrival of the US in later trials. 
D)  Stimulus A does not predict the US, and the animal is startled by the arrival of the US in later trials.

Question 8

Compare general and focal search responses in the sexual behavior system.How does the behavior systems theory account for the different conditional responses that develop as a result of different ISIs in sexual conditioning experiments?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare general and focal search responses in...

Question 9

In a study with cocaine-using human subjects in the text,which of the following was found to be true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cues associated with heroin use elicited heart-rate increases and positive changes in mood; cues associated with cocaine use elicited heart rate decreases and positive changes in mood. 
B)  Cues associated with heroin use elicited heart-rate decreases and positive changes in mood; cues associated with cocaine use elicited heart rate increases and negative changes in mood. 
C)  Cues associated with heroin use had little effect; cues associated with cocaine use elicited heart rate increases and positive changes in mood. 
D)  Cues associated with heroin use had little effect; cues associated with cocaine use elicited heart rate increases and negative changes in mood. 
A)  Cues associated with heroin use elicited heart-rate increases and positive changes in mood; cues associated with cocaine use elicited heart rate decreases and positive changes in mood. 
B)  Cues associated with heroin use elicited heart-rate decreases and positive changes in mood; cues associated with cocaine use elicited heart rate increases and negative changes in mood. 
C)  Cues associated with heroin use had little effect; cues associated with cocaine use elicited heart rate increases and positive changes in mood. 
D)  Cues associated with heroin use had little effect; cues associated with cocaine use elicited heart rate increases and negative changes in mood.

Question 10

According to the stimulus-substitution model,with training which of the following happens?

Accepted Answer

A)  The CS comes to activate the UR directly. 
B)  The CR comes to activate the UR directly. 
C)  The CS activates the UR via excitation of US centers. 
D)  The CR activates the US via excitation of the UR centers. 
A)  The CS comes to activate the UR directly. 
B)  The CR comes to activate the UR directly. 
C)  The CS activates the UR via excitation of US centers. 
D)  The CR activates the US via excitation of the UR centers.

Question 11

From the selection below,select the true statement about stimuli.

Accepted Answer

A)  Identification of CSs and USs is relative. 
B)  Identification of CSs is relative, but USs do not need reference to other stimuli. 
C)  Identification of USs is relative, but CSs do not need reference to other stimuli. 
D)  Identification of CSs and USs does not rely on reference to other stimuli. 
A)  Identification of CSs and USs is relative. 
B)  Identification of CSs is relative, but USs do not need reference to other stimuli. 
C)  Identification of USs is relative, but CSs do not need reference to other stimuli. 
D)  Identification of CSs and USs does not rely on reference to other stimuli.

Question 12

Which model suggests that the CS is only informative if the subject has to wait less time for the US when the CS is present than if it is not present?

Accepted Answer

A)  the Rescorla-Wagner model 
B)  the Pearce and Hall attentional model 
C)  the comparator hypothesis 
D)  the relative-waiting-time hypothesis 
A)  the Rescorla-Wagner model 
B)  the Pearce and Hall attentional model 
C)  the comparator hypothesis 
D)  the relative-waiting-time hypothesis

Question 13

In a study with cocaine-using human subjects,cues associated with cocaine use elicited heart rate increases and negative changes in mood.These findings support which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  the stimulus substitution model 
B)  the compensatory-response model 
C)  the S-R learning model 
D)  These findings are not consistent with any of the presented models. 
A)  the stimulus substitution model 
B)  the compensatory-response model 
C)  the S-R learning model 
D)  These findings are not consistent with any of the presented models.

Question 14

Each of two stimuli fully predicts the presentation of a food pellet when presented alone.When the two stimuli are presented together followed by a food pellet,the associative value

Accepted Answer

A)  of both stimuli increases. 
B)  of both stimuli decreases. 
C)  of both stimuli remains the same. 
D)  of one stimulus decreases while the other decreases. 
A)  of both stimuli increases. 
B)  of both stimuli decreases. 
C)  of both stimuli remains the same. 
D)  of one stimulus decreases while the other decreases.

Question 15

According to the behavior systems model,which of the following is true regarding the form of the CR?

Accepted Answer

A)  It will be similar to that of the UR. 
B)  It will oppose the form of the UR. 
C)  It will be mediated by the intertrial interval. 
D)  It will be mediated by the interstimulus interval. 
A)  It will be similar to that of the UR. 
B)  It will oppose the form of the UR. 
C)  It will be mediated by the intertrial interval. 
D)  It will be mediated by the interstimulus interval.

Question 16

Higher-order conditioning demonstrates which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  After training, a CS can function as a US. 
B)  After training, a US can function as a CS. 
C)  CSs cannot function as USs. 
D)  USs cannot function as CSs. 
A)  After training, a CS can function as a US. 
B)  After training, a US can function as a CS. 
C)  CSs cannot function as USs. 
D)  USs cannot function as CSs.

Question 17

The compensatory-response model challenges the stimulus substitution model because it suggests which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  The CR and UR can be the same form and the same strength. 
B)  The CR and UR can be the same form but not the same strength. 
C)  The CR and UR can be opposing in form. 
D)  The CR and UR are unrelated. 
A)  The CR and UR can be the same form and the same strength. 
B)  The CR and UR can be the same form but not the same strength. 
C)  The CR and UR can be opposing in form. 
D)  The CR and UR are unrelated.

Question 18

Using the Rescorla-Wager model,predict   V of stimulus B during conditioning trials with compound stimulus A/B when the associative value of A at the beginning of the trial is l and the associative value of B at the beginning of the trial is l.

Accepted Answer

A)  l 
B)  1/2 l 
C)  0 
D)  < 0 
A)  l 
B)  1/2 l 
C)  0 
D)  < 0

Question 19

The Rescorla-Wagner model assigns the associative value of _____ to a stimulus that is a fully conditioned inhibitor.

Accepted Answer

A)  l 
B)  1/2 l 
C)  0 
D)  -l 
A)  l 
B)  1/2 l 
C)  0 
D)  -l

Question 20

According to the Rescorla-Wagner model,extinction is which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  learning a new association 
B)  imposing an inhibitory stimulus on an excitatory stimulus 
C)  undoing a conditioned association 
D)  a process of habituation 
A)  learning a new association 
B)  imposing an inhibitory stimulus on an excitatory stimulus 
C)  undoing a conditioned association 
D)  a process of habituation

Increasing CS or US intensity has which of the following effects?

How do current approaches to stimulus substitution differ from Pavlov's approach?

According to Kamin,surprisingness of the US is important in classical conditioning procedures because of which of the following?

In the second phase of a blocking experiment,which of the following occurs?

When live rats were used as the CS in Pavlovian food conditioning trials presented to other,subject rats,the subject rats treated the CS rats in a manner

How might a researcher determine whether conditioned responding is due to S-S or S-R learning?

According to Kamin,the blocking effect occurs because of which choice below?

Compare general and focal search responses in the sexual behavior system.How does the behavior systems theory account for the different conditional responses that develop as a result of different ISIs in sexual conditioning experiments?

In a study with cocaine-using human subjects in the text,which of the following was found to be true?

According to the stimulus-substitution model,with training which of the following happens?

From the selection below,select the true statement about stimuli.

Which model suggests that the CS is only informative if the subject has to wait less time for the US when the CS is present than if it is not present?

In a study with cocaine-using human subjects,cues associated with cocaine use elicited heart rate increases and negative changes in mood.These findings support which of the following?

Each of two stimuli fully predicts the presentation of a food pellet when presented alone.When the two stimuli are presented together followed by a food pellet,the associative value

According to the behavior systems model,which of the following is true regarding the form of the CR?

Higher-order conditioning demonstrates which of the following?

The compensatory-response model challenges the stimulus substitution model because it suggests which of the following?

Using the Rescorla-Wager model,predict V of stimulus B during conditioning trials with compound stimulus A/B when the associative value of A at the beginning of the trial is l and the associative value of B at the beginning of the trial is l.

The Rescorla-Wagner model assigns the associative value of _____ to a stimulus that is a fully conditioned inhibitor.

According to the Rescorla-Wagner model,extinction is which of the following?

Introduction

Elicited Behavior, Habituation, and Sensitization

Classical Conditioning: Foundations

Instrumental Conditioning: Foundations

Schedules of Reinforcement and Choice Behavior

Instrumental Conditioning: Motivational Mechanisms

Stimulus Control of Behavior

Extinction of Conditioned Behavior

Aversive Control: Avoidance and Punishment

Comparative Cognition I: Memory Mechanisms

Comparative Cognition II: Special Topics

Filters

Exam 4: Classical Conditioning: Mechanisms

Increasing CS or US intensity has which of the following effects?

How do current approaches to stimulus substitution differ from Pavlov's approach?

According to Kamin,surprisingness of the US is important in classical conditioning procedures because of which of the following?

In the second phase of a blocking experiment,which of the following occurs?

When live rats were used as the CS in Pavlovian food conditioning trials presented to other,subject rats,the subject rats treated the CS rats in a manner

How might a researcher determine whether conditioned responding is due to S-S or S-R learning?

According to Kamin,the blocking effect occurs because of which choice below?

Compare general and focal search responses in the sexual behavior system.How does the behavior systems theory account for the different conditional responses that develop as a result of different ISIs in sexual conditioning experiments?

In a study with cocaine-using human subjects in the text,which of the following was found to be true?

According to the stimulus-substitution model,with training which of the following happens?

From the selection below,select the true statement about stimuli.

Which model suggests that the CS is only informative if the subject has to wait less time for the US when the CS is present than if it is not present?

In a study with cocaine-using human subjects,cues associated with cocaine use elicited heart rate increases and negative changes in mood.These findings support which of the following?

Each of two stimuli fully predicts the presentation of a food pellet when presented alone.When the two stimuli are presented together followed by a food pellet,the associative value

According to the behavior systems model,which of the following is true regarding the form of the CR?

Higher-order conditioning demonstrates which of the following?

The compensatory-response model challenges the stimulus substitution model because it suggests which of the following?

Using the Rescorla-Wager model,predict V of stimulus B during conditioning trials with compound stimulus A/B when the associative value of A at the beginning of the trial is l and the associative value of B at the beginning of the trial is l.

The Rescorla-Wagner model assigns the associative value of _____ to a stimulus that is a fully conditioned inhibitor.

According to the Rescorla-Wagner model,extinction is which of the following?

Introduction

Elicited Behavior, Habituation, and Sensitization

Classical Conditioning: Foundations

Instrumental Conditioning: Foundations

Schedules of Reinforcement and Choice Behavior

Instrumental Conditioning: Motivational Mechanisms

Stimulus Control of Behavior

Extinction of Conditioned Behavior

Aversive Control: Avoidance and Punishment

Comparative Cognition I: Memory Mechanisms

Comparative Cognition II: Special Topics

Filters