Exam 6: Conditioning and Learning

According to Skinner, a stimulus is a reinforcer if it

Anthony classically conditioned his cat to purr whenever the phone rang. One day, the phone rang for nearly two hours straight when Anthony wasn't home, and the cat's conditioned purring response underwent extinction. Today, the response has spontaneously recovered, but if the conditioned purring response were to undergo extinction again Anthony should expect that it will

According to Skinner, the fundamental principle of operant conditioning is that organisms tend to repeat those responses that.

The initial stage of learning a response is called

The technique used to teach animals complex tricks, such as teaching pigeons to play ping-pong, is

Kylie used to bring drawings home from her kindergarten class every day. Her parents would put the pictures on the refrigerator and tell Kylie how nice the pictures were. Lately, her parents haven't been putting her artwork on the refrigerator, and now Kylie has stopped bringing drawings home with her. This example illustrates the operant conditioning process of

Every time Brenda does the dishes her parents give her a rand. What type of reinforcement are Brenda's parents using?

Learning to tie one's shoes is most likely acquired via the process of

When an individual has a phobia, the irrational fear and anxiety that the person experiences is

April wants to teach her cat not to claw at the arms of her couch. She will be most successful in reducing the cat's scratching behaviour if she uses

Social critics have expressed concern about the amount of violence on television since TV became popular and the majority of research into the impact of media violence on behaviour has focused on the role of ____________________ learning.

Classical conditioning could easily account for how a young child might learn to

After owning a car with a manual transmission, Don buys a car with an automatic transmission. When first driving his new car, he keeps reaching for the nonexistent clutch and gearshift. This is an example of

When Kristen asks her grandmother for a cookie, her grandmother usually gives her one. Last week at the park, Kristen's mother was embarrassed when Kristen walked up to five different elderly ladies and asked them for cookies. Kristen's behaviour illustrates the concept of

Josiah checks his electronic mail several times throughout the day. Some days there is mail each time he checks; sometimes several days go by with no new messages arriving. In this example, Josiah's behaviour of checking his electronic mail is being reinforced on

If a dog salivates to a blue light and not to a yellow light, the dog is showing evidence of

A woman reported feeling "weak in the knees" whenever she smelled cigarette smoke and Beemans gum because of the association of these smells with her first love. In this example, her "weak knees" would be

The fact that the principles of conditioning are routinely applied in homes, businesses, schools, and factories show that the causes of behavior are multifactorial.

Classical conditioning could account for how a child learns to

Examples of behaviours learned through classical conditioning would include all the following EXCEPT