Question 1

Which of the following components of the circulatory system has the largest distribution of blood volume?

Accepted Answer

A) Arteries 
B) Capillaries 
C) Veins 
D) Pulmonary circulation 
E) Heart 
A) Arteries 
B) Capillaries 
C) Veins 
D) Pulmonary circulation 
E) Heart C

Question 2

Which one of the following would increase venous hydrostatic pressure in the legs?

Accepted Answer

A) Decrease in right atrial pressure 
B) Pregnancy 
C) Movement of leg muscles 
D) Hemorrhage 
A) Decrease in right atrial pressure 
B) Pregnancy 
C) Movement of leg muscles 
D) Hemorrhage B

Question 3

Which one of the following tends to decrease pulse pressure?

Accepted Answer

A) Increase in metabolic rate 
B) Increase in stroke volume 
C) Increase in arterial compliance 
D) Increase in venous return 
E) Increase plasma volume 
A) Increase in metabolic rate 
B) Increase in stroke volume 
C) Increase in arterial compliance 
D) Increase in venous return 
E) Increase plasma volume C

Question 4

A 65-year-old man with a 5-year history of severe congestive heart failure who takes an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor visits a clinic with a complain of swelling in his legs. Which of the following set of changes would explain the swelling?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A 65-year-old man with a 5-year history...

Question 5

A 24-year-old woman delivers a 6-pound, 8-ounce female infant. The newborn is diagnosed with patent ductus arteriosus. Which set of changes would be expected in this patient?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A 24-year-old woman delivers a 6-pound, 8-ounce...

Question 6

Which one of the following parts of the circulation has the highest compliance?

Accepted Answer

A) Capillaries 
B) Venules 
C) Veins 
D) Aorta 
E) Arteries 
A) Capillaries 
B) Venules 
C) Veins 
D) Aorta 
E) Arteries

Question 7

A 60-year-old man visits his family practitioner for his yearly examination. He has a blood pressure of 180/100 mm Hg, a heart rate of 78 beats/min, and a pulse pressure of 80 mm Hg. His plasma cholesterol level is in the upper 25th percentile. A decrease in which of the following is the most likely explanation for the high pulse pressure in this patient?

Accepted Answer

A) Stroke volume 
B) Arterial pressure 
C) Heart rate 
D) Arterial compliance 
E) Total peripheral resistance 
A) Stroke volume 
B) Arterial pressure 
C) Heart rate 
D) Arterial compliance 
E) Total peripheral resistance

Question 8

A 35-year-old woman visits her family practitioner for an examination. She has a mean blood pressure of 105 mm Hg and a heart rate of 74 beats/min. Further tests by a cardiologist revealed that the patient has moderate aortic valve stenosis. Which one of the set of changes would be expected in this patient?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A 35-year-old woman visits her family practitioner...

Question 9

A 65-year-old man has congestive heart failure. He has a cardiac output of 4.0 L/min, arterial pressure of 115/85 mm Hg, and a heart rate of 90 beats/min. Further tests by a cardiologist reveal that the patient has a right atrial pressure of 10 mm Hg. An increase in which of the following would be expected in this patient?

Accepted Answer

A) Plasma colloid osmotic pressure 
B) Interstitial colloid osmotic pressure 
C) Arterial pressure 
D) Cardiac output 
E) Vena cava hydrostatic pressure 
A) Plasma colloid osmotic pressure 
B) Interstitial colloid osmotic pressure 
C) Arterial pressure 
D) Cardiac output 
E) Vena cava hydrostatic pressure

Exam 15: Vascular Distensibility and Functions of the Arterial and Venous Systems

Which of the following components of the circulatory system has the largest distribution of blood volume?

Which one of the following would increase venous hydrostatic pressure in the legs?

Which one of the following tends to decrease pulse pressure?

A 65-year-old man with a 5-year history of severe congestive heart failure who takes an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor visits a clinic with a complain of swelling in his legs. Which of the following set of changes would explain the swelling?

A 24-year-old woman delivers a 6-pound, 8-ounce female infant. The newborn is diagnosed with patent ductus arteriosus. Which set of changes would be expected in this patient?

Which one of the following parts of the circulation has the highest compliance?

Functional Organization of the Human Body and Control of the Internal Environment

The Cell and Its Functions

Genetic Control of Protein Synthesis, Cell Function, and Cell Reproduction

Transport of Substances Through Cell Membranes

Membrane Potentials and Action Potentials

Contraction of Skeletal Muscle

Excitation of Skeletal Muscle: Neuromuscular Transmission and Excitation-Contraction Coupling

Excitation and Contraction of Smooth Muscle

Cardiac Muscle; the Heart As a Pump and Function of the Heart Valves

Rhythmical Excitation of the Heart

The Normal Electrocardiogram

Electrocardiographic Interpretation of Cardiac Muscle and Coronary Blood Flow Abnormalities: Vectorial Analysis

Cardiac Arrhythmias and Their Electrocardiographic Interpretation

Overview of the Circulation; Biophysics of Pressure, Flow, and Resistance

The Microcirculation and Lymphatic System: Capillary Fluid Exchange, Interstitial Fluid, and Lymph Flow

Local and Humoral Control of Tissue Blood Flow

Nervous Regulation of the Circulation and Rapid Control of Arterial Pressure

Role of the Kidneys in Long-Term Control of Arterial Pressure and in Hypertension: the Integrated System for Arterial Pressure Regulation

Cardiac Output, Venous Return, and Their Regulation

Muscle Blood Flow and Cardiac Output During Exercise; the Coronary Circulation and Ischemic Heart Disease

Cardiac Failure

Heart Valves and Heart Sounds; Valvular and Congenital Heart Defects

Circulatory Shock and Its Treatment

The Body Fluid Compartments: Extracellular and Intracellular Fluids; Edema

Red Blood Cells, Anemia, and Polycythemia

Resistance of the Body to Infection: I Leukocytes, Granulocytes, the Monocyte-Macrophage System, and Inflammation

Resistance of the Body to Infection: Ii Immunity and Allergy

Blood Types; Transfusion; Tissue and Organ Transplantation

Hemostasis and Blood Coagulation

Pulmonary Ventilation

Pulmonary Circulation, Pulmonary Edema, Pleural Fluid

Physical Principles of Gas Exchange; Diffusion of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Through the Respiratory Membrane

Transport of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide in Blood and Tissue Fluids

Regulation of Respiration

Respiratory Insufficiencypathophysiology, Diagnosis, Oxygen Therapy

Aviation, High Altitude, and Space Physiology

Physiology of Deep-Sea Diving and Other Hyperbaric Conditions

Organization of the Nervous System, Basic Functions of Synapses, and Neurotransmitters

Sensory Receptors, Neuronal Circuits for Processing Information

Somatic Sensations: I General Organization, the Tactile and Position Senses

Somatic Sensations: II Pain, Headache, and Thermal Sensations

The Eye: I Optics of Vision

The Eye: II Receptor and Neural Function of the Retina

The Eye: III Central Neurophysiology of Vision

The Sense of Hearing

The Chemical Sensestaste and Smell

Motor Functions of the Spinal Cord; the Cord Reflexes

Cortical and Brain Stem Control of Motor Function

Contributions of the Cerebellum and Basal Ganglia to Overall Motor Control

Cerebral Cortex, Intellectual Functions of the Brain, Learning, and Memory

Behavioral and Motivational Mechanisms of the Brainthe Limbic System and the Hypothalamus

States of Brain Activitysleep, Brain Waves, Epilepsy, Psychoses, and Dementia

The Autonomic Nervous System and the Adrenal Medulla

Cerebral Blood Flow, Cerebrospinal Fluid, and Brain Metabolism

General Principles of Gastrointestinal Functionmotility, Nervous Control, and Blood Circulation

Propulsion and Mixing of Food in the Alimentary Tract

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