Exam 1: The Science of Psychology

Drinking orange juice is negatively correlated with the risk of cancer. Based on this information, which of the following statements is true?

In an experiment, a researcher manipulates one variable to see how it affects a second variable. The second variable, which is observed for any possible effects, is called the __________ variable.

Wesley has learned that if he cries with his mother in public, she will often get him a new toy or a piece of candy so as to quiet him. Which of the following perspectives explains Wesley's behavior?

Dr. Ramos contends that humans are intelligent species due to the fact that intelligence gives us an advantage in the natural world. Dr. Ramos likely agrees with the __________ theory of psychology.

__________ is the founder of behaviorism.

Professor Wallis approaches questions about human behavior from a perspective that emphasizes unconscious processes within the individual, such as inner forces or conflicts. It is most likely that she accepts which of the following psychological approaches?

The belief that the unconscious mind has an influence on one's behavior is part of what early field of psychology?

Wertheimer was associated with __________ psychology.

A detailed, well-researched biography of a famous historical person is technically an example of the __________ method of research.

A perfect correlation, whether positive or negative, is __________ in the real world.

Micah has recently been diagnosed with a psychological disorder that is best addressed initially with medication. He would likely benefit the most by first seeing a __________.

Several years ago, two scientists announced that they had evidence of "cold fusion" in the laboratory, but further studies failed to replicate their findings, and it was later found that the original scientists had used sloppy methods. This highlights which of the following critical thinking principles?

Surveys, as discussed in the text, are a form of __________ research.

The greatest disadvantage of correlation is that __________.

Dr. Simmons tests the hypothesis that students who study in the room where they take their tests will perform better on the tests than students who study in other rooms. She requires one group to study in the classroom where the exam is given and another group to study in the library. All students take the test in the classroom, and their test performance is compared. In this example, test performance is the __________.

Cognitive neuroscientists can examine the brain with tools such as __________.

In the definition of psychology, the term mental processes refers to __________.

Professor Chen approaches questions about human behavior from a perspective that emphasizes bodily events and chemicals, such as hormones, associated with behavior. She most likely accepts which of the following psychological approaches?

Collecting objective data without interference in the subject's normal environment is associated with __________.

Which of the following situations best illustrates the placebo effect?