Question 1

Which step in the scientific approach is derived from the goal of description?

Accepted Answer

A)  perceiving a question 
B)  reporting your results 
C)  drawing conclusions 
D)  forming a hypothesis 
A)  perceiving a question 
B)  reporting your results 
C)  drawing conclusions 
D)  forming a hypothesis

Question 2

If you are interested in how patterns, beliefs, and customs influence behavior, you are interested in the __________ perspective.

Accepted Answer

A)  behavioral 
B)  sociocultural 
C)  psychodynamic 
D)  cognitive 
A)  behavioral 
B)  sociocultural 
C)  psychodynamic 
D)  cognitive

Question 3

Which of the following early psychologists would have been most likely to agree with the statement, "The study of the mind should focus on how it functions in everyday life"?

Accepted Answer

A)  William James 
B)  Wilhelm Wundt 
C)  John Watson 
D)  Sigmund Freud 
A)  William James 
B)  Wilhelm Wundt 
C)  John Watson 
D)  Sigmund Freud

Question 4

A detailed description of a particular individual being studied or treated is called a __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  representative sample 
B)  case study 
C)  single-blind study 
D)  naturalistic observation 
A)  representative sample 
B)  case study 
C)  single-blind study 
D)  naturalistic observation

Question 5

Psychologists use research techniques based on __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  inductive reasoning 
B)  objective introspection 
C)  deductive reasoning 
D)  the scientific approach 
A)  inductive reasoning 
B)  objective introspection 
C)  deductive reasoning 
D)  the scientific approach

Question 6

Like Watson, Skinner believed that psychology should study only __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  mental processes 
B)  perceptions 
C)  elements of thought 
D)  observable behavior 
A)  mental processes 
B)  perceptions 
C)  elements of thought 
D)  observable behavior

Question 7

Operationalization is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  a statement that attempts to predict a set of phenomena and specifies relationships among variables that can be empirically tested 
B)  an organized system of assumptions and principles that purports to explain a specified set of phenomena and their interrelationships 
C)  the precise meaning of a term used to describe a variable, such as a type of behavior, that researchers want to measure 
D)  the principle that a scientific theory must make predictions that are specific enough to expose the theory to the possibility of disconfirmation 
A)  a statement that attempts to predict a set of phenomena and specifies relationships among variables that can be empirically tested 
B)  an organized system of assumptions and principles that purports to explain a specified set of phenomena and their interrelationships 
C)  the precise meaning of a term used to describe a variable, such as a type of behavior, that researchers want to measure 
D)  the principle that a scientific theory must make predictions that are specific enough to expose the theory to the possibility of disconfirmation

Question 8

Which of the following is an empirical question?

Accepted Answer

A)  "Would Martin Luther King, Jr., have been a good president?" 
B)  "What is the meaning of life?" 
C)  "Was the Civil War necessary?" 
D)  "Is there life on other planets?" 
A)  "Would Martin Luther King, Jr., have been a good president?" 
B)  "What is the meaning of life?" 
C)  "Was the Civil War necessary?" 
D)  "Is there life on other planets?"

Question 9

Dr. Aziz is conducting a research study on sleep and learning. She questions her own objectivity and decides to let another researcher, who is not associated with conducting the experiment, score the tests. Dr. Aziz is probably trying to eliminate __________ bias.

Accepted Answer

A)  experimenter 
B)  sample 
C)  control 
D)  treatment 
A)  experimenter 
B)  sample 
C)  control 
D)  treatment

Question 10

What early school of thought in psychology was noted for its emphasis on the unconscious determinants of behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  structuralism 
B)  behaviorism 
C)  Gestalt psychology 
D)  psychoanalytic theory 
A)  structuralism 
B)  behaviorism 
C)  Gestalt psychology 
D)  psychoanalytic theory

Question 11

A(n) __________ is a measure of how strongly two variables are related to one another.

Accepted Answer

A)  independent variable 
B)  dependent variable 
C)  experimental effect 
D)  correlation 
A)  independent variable 
B)  dependent variable 
C)  experimental effect 
D)  correlation

Question 12

What is the first guideline for doing research with people?

Accepted Answer

A)  The rights and well-being of the participants must come first. 
B)  Participants have to give informed consent. 
C)  Deception cannot be used in any studies with human beings. 
D)  Data must remain confidential. 
A)  The rights and well-being of the participants must come first. 
B)  Participants have to give informed consent. 
C)  Deception cannot be used in any studies with human beings. 
D)  Data must remain confidential.

Question 13

Dr. Vaughan is a psychologist who tries to understand how people select their mates. She must be a(n) __________ psychologist.

Accepted Answer

A)  behavioral 
B)  cognitive 
C)  evolutionary 
D)  biopsychological 
A)  behavioral 
B)  cognitive 
C)  evolutionary 
D)  biopsychological

Question 14

According to Freud, phobias were __________; according to Watson, phobias were __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  learned; inherited 
B)  repressed conflicts; learned 
C)  sexual; unconscious 
D)  conditioned; unconditioned 
A)  learned; inherited 
B)  repressed conflicts; learned 
C)  sexual; unconscious 
D)  conditioned; unconditioned

Question 15

Describe one of the eight common ethical guidelines for conducting research.

Accepted Answer

One of the eight common ethical guidelin

Question 16

Experimenters can justify the use of deception because __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  there is informed consent 
B)  research is more important than people 
C)  it may be necessary for the experiment to work 
D)  it is not that harmful 
A)  there is informed consent 
B)  research is more important than people 
C)  it may be necessary for the experiment to work 
D)  it is not that harmful

Question 17

Ashlee is a single mother living in a project in a poor section of the city. She has addiction issues and just lost custody of her three children. What type of mental health professional is most likely to get involved in Ashlee's situation?

Accepted Answer

A)  educational psychologist 
B)  psychiatrist 
C)  psychiatric social worker 
D)  counselor 
A)  educational psychologist 
B)  psychiatrist 
C)  psychiatric social worker 
D)  counselor

Question 18

Which research method involves watching behaviors as they occur without intervening or altering the behaviors in any way?

Accepted Answer

A)  case study 
B)  experiment 
C)  correlational studies 
D)  naturalistic observation 
A)  case study 
B)  experiment 
C)  correlational studies 
D)  naturalistic observation

Question 19

Which of the following statements is correct concerning correlation coefficients?

Accepted Answer

A)  A correlation of +.89 is strong and -.89 is weak. 
B)  A correlation of +.89 and -.89 are both strong and equally so. 
C)  Correlation coefficients are indicators of cause and effect. 
D)  A correlation of +1.5 is very strong. 
A)  A correlation of +.89 is strong and -.89 is weak. 
B)  A correlation of +.89 and -.89 are both strong and equally so. 
C)  Correlation coefficients are indicators of cause and effect. 
D)  A correlation of +1.5 is very strong.

Question 20

In 1879, in Leipzig, Germany, the first psychological laboratory was overseen by __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  William James 
B)  William Tell 
C)  Wilhelm Wundt 
D)  Sigmund Freud 
A)  William James 
B)  William Tell 
C)  Wilhelm Wundt 
D)  Sigmund Freud

Which step in the scientific approach is derived from the goal of description?

If you are interested in how patterns, beliefs, and customs influence behavior, you are interested in the __________ perspective.

Which of the following early psychologists would have been most likely to agree with the statement, "The study of the mind should focus on how it functions in everyday life"?

A detailed description of a particular individual being studied or treated is called a __________.

Psychologists use research techniques based on __________.

Like Watson, Skinner believed that psychology should study only __________.

Operationalization is ________.

Which of the following is an empirical question?

Dr. Aziz is conducting a research study on sleep and learning. She questions her own objectivity and decides to let another researcher, who is not associated with conducting the experiment, score the tests. Dr. Aziz is probably trying to eliminate __________ bias.

What early school of thought in psychology was noted for its emphasis on the unconscious determinants of behavior?

A(n) __________ is a measure of how strongly two variables are related to one another.

What is the first guideline for doing research with people?

Dr. Vaughan is a psychologist who tries to understand how people select their mates. She must be a(n) __________ psychologist.

According to Freud, phobias were ; according to Watson, phobias were .

Describe one of the eight common ethical guidelines for conducting research.

Experimenters can justify the use of deception because __________.

Ashlee is a single mother living in a project in a poor section of the city. She has addiction issues and just lost custody of her three children. What type of mental health professional is most likely to get involved in Ashlee's situation?

Which research method involves watching behaviors as they occur without intervening or altering the behaviors in any way?

Which of the following statements is correct concerning correlation coefficients?

In 1879, in Leipzig, Germany, the first psychological laboratory was overseen by __________.

The Biological Perspective

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Cognition: Thinking, Intelligence, and Language

Development Across the Life Span

Motivation and Emotion

Sexuality and Gender

Stress and Health

Social Psychology

Theories of Personality

Psychological Disorders

Psychological Therapies

Filters

Exam 1: The Science of Psychology

Which step in the scientific approach is derived from the goal of description?

If you are interested in how patterns, beliefs, and customs influence behavior, you are interested in the __________ perspective.

Which of the following early psychologists would have been most likely to agree with the statement, "The study of the mind should focus on how it functions in everyday life"?

A detailed description of a particular individual being studied or treated is called a __________.

Psychologists use research techniques based on __________.

Like Watson, Skinner believed that psychology should study only __________.

Operationalization is ________.

Which of the following is an empirical question?

Dr. Aziz is conducting a research study on sleep and learning. She questions her own objectivity and decides to let another researcher, who is not associated with conducting the experiment, score the tests. Dr. Aziz is probably trying to eliminate __________ bias.

What early school of thought in psychology was noted for its emphasis on the unconscious determinants of behavior?

A(n) __________ is a measure of how strongly two variables are related to one another.

What is the first guideline for doing research with people?

Dr. Vaughan is a psychologist who tries to understand how people select their mates. She must be a(n) __________ psychologist.

According to Freud, phobias were __________; according to Watson, phobias were __________.

Describe one of the eight common ethical guidelines for conducting research.

Experimenters can justify the use of deception because __________.

Ashlee is a single mother living in a project in a poor section of the city. She has addiction issues and just lost custody of her three children. What type of mental health professional is most likely to get involved in Ashlee's situation?

Which research method involves watching behaviors as they occur without intervening or altering the behaviors in any way?

Which of the following statements is correct concerning correlation coefficients?

In 1879, in Leipzig, Germany, the first psychological laboratory was overseen by __________.

The Biological Perspective

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Cognition: Thinking, Intelligence, and Language

Development Across the Life Span

Motivation and Emotion

Sexuality and Gender

Stress and Health

Social Psychology

Theories of Personality

Psychological Disorders

Psychological Therapies

Filters

According to Freud, phobias were ; according to Watson, phobias were .