Exam 2: Concepts in Biochemistry

Coenzymes are protein organic substances that assist enzymes in converting the substrate into a carbohydrate.Many vitamins are converted into biologically active coenzymes.

The biomolecules necessary for life are based on carbon because carbon has the ability to form glycosidic bonds to itself and many other atoms.

Each is a component of an amino acid,except one.Which is the exception?

Which function has the least priority for protein?

Each exemplifies glycosidic bonding reactions,except one.Which is the exception?

In metabolism,energy is extracted from glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆)and converted to carbon dioxide (CO₂)by which chemical reaction?

Each is true of lipids,except one.Which is the exception?

Fatty acids are structural components that are present in more complex lipids,such as triglycerides (TGs).Also referred to as triacylglycerols,TGs synthesize fatty acids.

Saturated fatty acids are alkenes that contain one or more C=C (double)bond.Unsaturated fatty acids,contain only one C=C bond.

Which is NOT a classification of carbohydrate?

Each is a major area of biochemistry,except one.Which is the exception?

Cholesterol is the most abundant lipoprotein and is important to biological membranes.Cholesterol is also the precursor of steroid hormones,bile acids,and the lipid-soluble vitamin D.

Each is true of proteins,except one.Which is the exception?

Enzymes perform all the chemical reactions of metabolism involving degradation and biosynthesis of biomolecules required for life.Proteases,amylases,and lipases are coenzymes.

A biomolecule is a substance required by the body that must be supplied by an outside source.During metabolism,energy can be extracted from dietary carbohydrates,proteins,and lipids and can be used to create biomolecules required for life.

Antioxidants like vitamins C and E are added to unsaturated fats because antioxidants prevent rancidity associated with the oxidation during preparation of vegetable oils and margarines.

Which is NOT a characteristic or function of lipids?

When the body's stores of energy are depleted,the pancreas becomes involved because the pancreas consistently converts pyruvate into glucose for energy.

During the Krebs cycle,complete aerobic oxidation of glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆)produces each of the following,except one.Which is the exception?

Biochemists organize the variety in chemical structure by classifying molecules into functional groups.A functional group is a group of atoms that gives a family of molecules its characteristic chemical and physical properties.