Question 1

Chronic hypertension will lead to which of the following changes in cerebral vasculature?

Accepted Answer

A)  increase in the percentage of smooth muscle in the vessel wall 
B)  decrease accumulation of protein material and fat deposits in the vessel 
C)  necrosis of the endothelium 
D)  increased flow of oxygen to the outermost part of the vessel wall 
A)  increase in the percentage of smooth muscle in the vessel wall 
B)  decrease accumulation of protein material and fat deposits in the vessel 
C)  necrosis of the endothelium 
D)  increased flow of oxygen to the outermost part of the vessel wall C

Question 2

Which of the following is not considered a cause of secondary intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH)?

Accepted Answer

A)  impaired coagulation 
B)  trauma 
C)  hypertension 
D)  toxin exposure 
A)  impaired coagulation 
B)  trauma 
C)  hypertension 
D)  toxin exposure C

Question 3

Which of the following would put an individual at a decreased risk for stroke?

Accepted Answer

A)  high levels of high density lipoprotein 
B)  high levels of low density lipoprotein 
C)  high total cholesterol levels 
D)  diagnosis of diabetes mellitus 
A)  high levels of high density lipoprotein 
B)  high levels of low density lipoprotein 
C)  high total cholesterol levels 
D)  diagnosis of diabetes mellitus A

Question 4

What pathway of the circle of Willis will increase in diameter in response to an internal carotid artery obstruction?

Accepted Answer

A)  anterior circle of Willis 
B)  posterior circle of Willis 
C)  medial circle of Willis 
D)  lateral circle of Willis 
A)  anterior circle of Willis 
B)  posterior circle of Willis 
C)  medial circle of Willis 
D)  lateral circle of Willis

Question 5

The patient suffers a stroke with medial temporal lobe involvement of the posterior cerebral artery.Which of the following would the physical therapist assistant (PTA)not expect to see upon providing intervention for this patient?

Accepted Answer

A)  memory loss 
B)  foot drop 
C)  agnosia 
D)  anomia 
A)  memory loss 
B)  foot drop 
C)  agnosia 
D)  anomia

Question 6

What is the test of choice for an individual suspected of a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)?

Accepted Answer

A)  MRI 
B)  CT scan 
C)  PET scan 
D)  lumbar puncture 
A)  MRI 
B)  CT scan 
C)  PET scan 
D)  lumbar puncture

Question 7

Patients with an intracranial hemorrhage at which of the following sites will exhibit gait ataxia,ipsilateral gaze or cranial nerve VI paresis,small pupils,and nausea?

Accepted Answer

A)  putamen 
B)  cerebellar 
C)  caudate 
D)  pons 
A)  putamen 
B)  cerebellar 
C)  caudate 
D)  pons

Question 8

What type of treatment will immediately restore clotting factors after an ICH?

Accepted Answer

A)  vitamin K 
B)  aspirin 
C)  warfarin sodium 
D)  fresh-frozen plasma 
A)  vitamin K 
B)  aspirin 
C)  warfarin sodium 
D)  fresh-frozen plasma

Question 9

After an ischemic event,what neurotransmitter is released in excess,leading to calcium ion intrusion into cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  acetylcholine 
B)  epinephrine 
C)  norepinephrine 
D)  glutamate 
A)  acetylcholine 
B)  epinephrine 
C)  norepinephrine 
D)  glutamate

Question 10

Which artery is occluded if a patient has abnormal sensations of pain,temperature,proprioception,and touch?

Accepted Answer

A)  middle cerebral artery syndrome 
B)  anterior cerebral artery syndrome 
C)  internal carotid artery syndrome 
D)  posterior cerebral artery syndrome 
A)  middle cerebral artery syndrome 
B)  anterior cerebral artery syndrome 
C)  internal carotid artery syndrome 
D)  posterior cerebral artery syndrome

Question 11

An arteriovenous malformation (AVM)is a result of _____________________.

Accepted Answer

A)  alcohol abuse 
B)  abnormal fetal development 
C)  diabetes mellitus 
D)  poor nutrition 
A)  alcohol abuse 
B)  abnormal fetal development 
C)  diabetes mellitus 
D)  poor nutrition

Question 12

What test is widely accepted as the method of diagnostic choice for strokes?

Accepted Answer

A)  computed tomography (CT) scan 
B)  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 
C)  positron emission tomography (PET) imaging 
D)  cerebral angiography 
A)  computed tomography (CT) scan 
B)  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 
C)  positron emission tomography (PET) imaging 
D)  cerebral angiography

Question 13

Fibrinogen is a coagulation factor that has been demonstrated to be associated with increased stroke risk.Which of the following is a condition that would lead to increased fibrinogen in the blood stream?

Accepted Answer

A)  decreased blood viscosity 
B)  arteriosclerosis 
C)  pneumonia 
D)  polycythemia 
A)  decreased blood viscosity 
B)  arteriosclerosis 
C)  pneumonia 
D)  polycythemia

Question 14

What is the most common source of embolitic occlusion that causes ischemic stroke?

Accepted Answer

A)  from the pia mater 
B)  the heart as a result of atherothrombotic disease 
C)  deep vein thrombosis (DVT) secondary to immobility 
D)  ventricular fibrillation 
A)  from the pia mater 
B)  the heart as a result of atherothrombotic disease 
C)  deep vein thrombosis (DVT) secondary to immobility 
D)  ventricular fibrillation

Question 15

Headache is a common sign of what type of intracranial hemorrhage?

Accepted Answer

A)  superficial and large hemorrhage 
B)  superficial and small hemorrhage 
C)  deep and large hemorrhage 
D)  deep and small hemorrhage 
A)  superficial and large hemorrhage 
B)  superficial and small hemorrhage 
C)  deep and large hemorrhage 
D)  deep and small hemorrhage

Question 16

The edema associated with infarction of which artery can lead to sudden respiratory arrest from increased intracranial pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)  basilar 
B)  posterior cerebral artery 
C)  internal carotid artery 
D)  posterior inferior cerebellar artery 
A)  basilar 
B)  posterior cerebral artery 
C)  internal carotid artery 
D)  posterior inferior cerebellar artery

Question 17

A patient has recently suffered an ICH.In which of the following instances is the patient most likely to fall?

Accepted Answer

A)  while ambulating with a rolling walker 
B)  while transferring from supine to sit 
C)  while moving from sit to stand 
D)  while transferring from bed to wheel chair with a sliding board 
A)  while ambulating with a rolling walker 
B)  while transferring from supine to sit 
C)  while moving from sit to stand 
D)  while transferring from bed to wheel chair with a sliding board

Question 18

What medication is most effective to decrease risk of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation?

Accepted Answer

A)  warfarin sodium (Coumadin) 
B)  aspirin 
C)  clopidogrel 
D)  ticlopidine 
A)  warfarin sodium (Coumadin) 
B)  aspirin 
C)  clopidogrel 
D)  ticlopidine

Question 19

A patient has just suffered an embolic stroke.Blood pressure at the time of admission to the emergency department is 200/100 mm Hg.Which of the following is the correct intervention option for this patient's blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Decrease blood pressure immediately. 
B)  Increase blood pressure immediately. 
C)  Allow blood pressure to maintain its current level and monitor. 
D)  The patient should be given diuretics immediately. 
A)  Decrease blood pressure immediately. 
B)  Increase blood pressure immediately. 
C)  Allow blood pressure to maintain its current level and monitor. 
D)  The patient should be given diuretics immediately.

Question 20

What is the primary cause of stroke?

Accepted Answer

A)  hypertension 
B)  trauma 
C)  cerebral vascular disease 
D)  hyperglycemia 
A)  hypertension 
B)  trauma 
C)  cerebral vascular disease 
D)  hyperglycemia

Exam 21: Stroke

Chronic hypertension will lead to which of the following changes in cerebral vasculature?

Which of the following is not considered a cause of secondary intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH)?

Which of the following would put an individual at a decreased risk for stroke?

What pathway of the circle of Willis will increase in diameter in response to an internal carotid artery obstruction?

The patient suffers a stroke with medial temporal lobe involvement of the posterior cerebral artery.Which of the following would the physical therapist assistant (PTA)not expect to see upon providing intervention for this patient?

What is the test of choice for an individual suspected of a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)?

Patients with an intracranial hemorrhage at which of the following sites will exhibit gait ataxia,ipsilateral gaze or cranial nerve VI paresis,small pupils,and nausea?

What type of treatment will immediately restore clotting factors after an ICH?

After an ischemic event,what neurotransmitter is released in excess,leading to calcium ion intrusion into cells?

Which artery is occluded if a patient has abnormal sensations of pain,temperature,proprioception,and touch?

An arteriovenous malformation (AVM)is a result of _____________________.

What test is widely accepted as the method of diagnostic choice for strokes?

Fibrinogen is a coagulation factor that has been demonstrated to be associated with increased stroke risk.Which of the following is a condition that would lead to increased fibrinogen in the blood stream?

What is the most common source of embolitic occlusion that causes ischemic stroke?

Headache is a common sign of what type of intracranial hemorrhage?

The edema associated with infarction of which artery can lead to sudden respiratory arrest from increased intracranial pressure?

A patient has recently suffered an ICH.In which of the following instances is the patient most likely to fall?

What medication is most effective to decrease risk of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation?

A patient has just suffered an embolic stroke.Blood pressure at the time of admission to the emergency department is 200/100 mm Hg.Which of the following is the correct intervention option for this patient's blood pressure?

What is the primary cause of stroke?

Introduction to Concepts of Pathology

Problems Affecting Multiple Systems

Injury, Inflammation, and Healing

The Immune System

Infectious Disease

Oncology

The Integumentary System

The Endocrine and Metabolic Systems

The Cardiovascular System

The Hematologic System

The Respiratory System

The Hepatic, Pancreatic, and Biliary Systems

Introduction to Pathology of the Musculoskeletal System

Genetic and Developmental Disorders

Infectious Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System

Musculoskeletal Neoplasms

Bone, Joint, and Soft Tissue Diseases and Disorders

Introduction to Central Nervous System Disorders

Infectious Disorders of the Central Nervous System

Degenerative Diseases of the Central Nervous System

Traumatic Brain Injury

Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury

Cerebral Palsy

The Peripheral Nervous System

Behavioral, Social, and Environmental Factors Contributing to Disease and Dysfunction

The Psychosocial-Spiritual Impact on Health Care

Environmental and Occupational Medicine

The Gastrointestinal System

The Renal and Urologic Systems

Central Nervous System Neoplasms

Epilepsy

Headache

The Male Genital or Reproductive System

The Female Genital or Reproductive System

Vestibular Disorders

Laboratory Tests and Values

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