Question 1

Which of the following is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD)?

Accepted Answer

A)  acquired cystic disease 
B)  cystic renal dysplasia 
C)  polycystic kidney disease (PK
D)  
D)  single cysts 
A)  acquired cystic disease 
B)  cystic renal dysplasia 
C)  polycystic kidney disease (PK
D)  
D)  single cysts C

Question 2

Which of the following bacteria are most often implicated in ascending UTIs?

Accepted Answer

A)  Escherichia coli 
B)  Proteus 
C)  Klebsiella 
D)  Enterobacter 
A)  Escherichia coli 
B)  Proteus 
C)  Klebsiella 
D)  Enterobacter A

Question 3

Which of the following is the least likely cause of chronic kidney disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  excessive aspirin use 
B)  diabetes 
C)  hypertension 
D)  glomerulonephritis 
A)  excessive aspirin use 
B)  diabetes 
C)  hypertension 
D)  glomerulonephritis A

Question 4

Which of the following is a true statement regarding chronic kidney disease and exercise?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is best to exercise on nondialysis days 
B)  The most important independent quality of life predictor is the usual level of exercise activity. 
C)  People on dialysis have a higher maximum metabolic equivalent (MET) level than the corresponding age-matched population. 
D)  Individuals with chronic renal disease will benefit from stationary bicycle exercise at 80% to 90% of target heart rate. 
A)  It is best to exercise on nondialysis days 
B)  The most important independent quality of life predictor is the usual level of exercise activity. 
C)  People on dialysis have a higher maximum metabolic equivalent (MET) level than the corresponding age-matched population. 
D)  Individuals with chronic renal disease will benefit from stationary bicycle exercise at 80% to 90% of target heart rate.

Question 5

Which of the following would be an uncommon site for extraskeletal calcification associated with ESRD?

Accepted Answer

A)  coronary arteries 
B)  large intestines 
C)  lungs 
D)  skin 
A)  coronary arteries 
B)  large intestines 
C)  lungs 
D)  skin

Question 6

What patient population is most likely to exhibit mental status changes with a UTI?

Accepted Answer

A)  young females 
B)  young males 
C)  middle-age females 
D)  elderly females 
A)  young females 
B)  young males 
C)  middle-age females 
D)  elderly females

Question 7

Which of the following types of renal calculi is caused by recurrent bacterial UTIs?

Accepted Answer

A)  calcium stones 
B)  struvite stones 
C)  uric acid stones 
D)  cystine stones 
A)  calcium stones 
B)  struvite stones 
C)  uric acid stones 
D)  cystine stones

Question 8

Which of the following is true regarding aging and the renal system?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is a gradual increase of blood flow to the kidneys. 
B)  There is a reduction of nephrons. 
C)  There is a decrease in volume of urine. 
D)  There is a tendency toward lesser renal vasoconstriction. 
A)  There is a gradual increase of blood flow to the kidneys. 
B)  There is a reduction of nephrons. 
C)  There is a decrease in volume of urine. 
D)  There is a tendency toward lesser renal vasoconstriction.

Question 9

At what stage of chronic kidney disease will levels of creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN)first begin to increase?

Accepted Answer

A)  stage I 
B)  stage II 
C)  stage III 
D)  stage IV 
A)  stage I 
B)  stage II 
C)  stage III 
D)  stage IV

Question 10

What is the number one prevention strategy for bladder cancer?

Accepted Answer

A)  increasing consumption of fruits 
B)  smoking cessation 
C)  large fluid intake 
D)  vitamins 
A)  increasing consumption of fruits 
B)  smoking cessation 
C)  large fluid intake 
D)  vitamins

Question 11

Which of the following laboratory levels will be lower for an individual with ESRD?

Accepted Answer

A)  hemoglobin 
B)  potassium 
C)  creatinine 
D)  BUN 
A)  hemoglobin 
B)  potassium 
C)  creatinine 
D)  BUN

Question 12

Which of the following is not considered a characteristic of Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS)?

Accepted Answer

A)  body overgrowth 
B)  hyperglycemia 
C)  failure of the abdominal wall to close 
D)  enlarged tongue 
A)  body overgrowth 
B)  hyperglycemia 
C)  failure of the abdominal wall to close 
D)  enlarged tongue

Question 13

Which patient population is at risk for a urinary tract infection due to the dilation of the upper urinary system?

Accepted Answer

A)  young females 
B)  females in a long-term care setting 
C)  middle-age females 
D)  pregnant women 
A)  young females 
B)  females in a long-term care setting 
C)  middle-age females 
D)  pregnant women

Question 14

Which of the following types of urinary incontinence is marked by a sudden unexpected urge to urinate and then the uncontrolled loss of urine?

Accepted Answer

A)  functional incontinence 
B)  stress incontinence 
C)  hyperreflexive bladder 
D)  overflow incontinence 
A)  functional incontinence 
B)  stress incontinence 
C)  hyperreflexive bladder 
D)  overflow incontinence

Question 15

What type of renal cell carcinoma (RCC)has the best survival rate?

Accepted Answer

A)  sporadic papillary RCC 
B)  clear cell RCC 
C)  metastatic papillary RCC 
D)  metastatic clear cell RCC 
A)  sporadic papillary RCC 
B)  clear cell RCC 
C)  metastatic papillary RCC 
D)  metastatic clear cell RCC

Question 16

Which of the following is not considered to be a classic symptom of renal cell carcinoma?

Accepted Answer

A)  flank pain 
B)  blood in urine 
C)  decreased urine output 
D)  palpable abdominal mass 
A)  flank pain 
B)  blood in urine 
C)  decreased urine output 
D)  palpable abdominal mass

Question 17

At what stage of chronic kidney disease is an individual most likely to exhibit asterixis?

Accepted Answer

A)  stage II 
B)  stage III 
C)  stage IV 
D)  stage V 
A)  stage II 
B)  stage III 
C)  stage IV 
D)  stage V

Question 18

A patient is beginning a pelvic floor strengthening program secondary to urinary incontinence.Which of the following muscles is inappropriate to strengthen during this intervention?

Accepted Answer

A)  gluteus medius 
B)  pelvic diaphragm 
C)  urogenital diaphragm 
D)  external sphincter muscle 
A)  gluteus medius 
B)  pelvic diaphragm 
C)  urogenital diaphragm 
D)  external sphincter muscle

Question 19

Which of the following muscles are first affected with weakness associated with ESRD?

Accepted Answer

A)  triceps 
B)  quadriceps 
C)  gastrocnemius 
D)  gluteus medius 
A)  triceps 
B)  quadriceps 
C)  gastrocnemius 
D)  gluteus medius

Question 20

A radical cystectomy is not indicated for a cancerous bladder tumor in which of the following stages?

Accepted Answer

A)  stage I 
B)  stage II 
C)  stage III 
D)  stage IV 
A)  stage I 
B)  stage II 
C)  stage III 
D)  stage IV

Exam 30: The Renal and Urologic Systems

Which of the following is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD)?

Which of the following bacteria are most often implicated in ascending UTIs?

Which of the following is the least likely cause of chronic kidney disease?

Which of the following is a true statement regarding chronic kidney disease and exercise?

Which of the following would be an uncommon site for extraskeletal calcification associated with ESRD?

What patient population is most likely to exhibit mental status changes with a UTI?

Which of the following types of renal calculi is caused by recurrent bacterial UTIs?

Which of the following is true regarding aging and the renal system?

At what stage of chronic kidney disease will levels of creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN)first begin to increase?

What is the number one prevention strategy for bladder cancer?

Which of the following laboratory levels will be lower for an individual with ESRD?

Which of the following is not considered a characteristic of Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS)?

Which patient population is at risk for a urinary tract infection due to the dilation of the upper urinary system?

Which of the following types of urinary incontinence is marked by a sudden unexpected urge to urinate and then the uncontrolled loss of urine?

What type of renal cell carcinoma (RCC)has the best survival rate?

Which of the following is not considered to be a classic symptom of renal cell carcinoma?

At what stage of chronic kidney disease is an individual most likely to exhibit asterixis?

A patient is beginning a pelvic floor strengthening program secondary to urinary incontinence.Which of the following muscles is inappropriate to strengthen during this intervention?

Which of the following muscles are first affected with weakness associated with ESRD?

A radical cystectomy is not indicated for a cancerous bladder tumor in which of the following stages?

Introduction to Concepts of Pathology

Problems Affecting Multiple Systems

Injury, Inflammation, and Healing

The Immune System

Infectious Disease

Oncology

The Integumentary System

The Endocrine and Metabolic Systems

The Cardiovascular System

The Hematologic System

The Respiratory System

The Hepatic, Pancreatic, and Biliary Systems

Introduction to Pathology of the Musculoskeletal System

Genetic and Developmental Disorders

Infectious Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System

Musculoskeletal Neoplasms

Bone, Joint, and Soft Tissue Diseases and Disorders

Introduction to Central Nervous System Disorders

Infectious Disorders of the Central Nervous System

Degenerative Diseases of the Central Nervous System

Stroke

Traumatic Brain Injury

Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury

Cerebral Palsy

The Peripheral Nervous System

Behavioral, Social, and Environmental Factors Contributing to Disease and Dysfunction

The Psychosocial-Spiritual Impact on Health Care

Environmental and Occupational Medicine

The Gastrointestinal System

Central Nervous System Neoplasms

Epilepsy

Headache

The Male Genital or Reproductive System

The Female Genital or Reproductive System

Vestibular Disorders

Laboratory Tests and Values

Filters