Question 1

As described by Erikson, a psychosocial moratorium

Accepted Answer

A)  should be a period of postponing commitment. 
B)  refers to a symptom of emotional instability. 
C)  creates a negative identity state. 
D)  refers to a wish to be alone. 
A)  should be a period of postponing commitment. 
B)  refers to a symptom of emotional instability. 
C)  creates a negative identity state. 
D)  refers to a wish to be alone.

Question 2

According to Erikson, if Robert has successfully resolved the psychosocial crisis of adolescence, he is now able to

Accepted Answer

A)  think abstractly about philosophical issues. 
B)  understand group dynamics and get along well with others. 
C)  form a strong romantic attachment to another person, marry, and plan to begin a family. 
D)  view himself as having a meaningful role in life. 
A)  think abstractly about philosophical issues. 
B)  understand group dynamics and get along well with others. 
C)  form a strong romantic attachment to another person, marry, and plan to begin a family. 
D)  view himself as having a meaningful role in life.

Question 3

According to Erikson, personality growth occurs in eight stages that are characterized by

Accepted Answer

A)  the confrontation and resolution of various crises for better or worse. 
B)  dichotomies that lack any prescribed order, though these stages are nonetheless experienced by most individuals. 
C)  the acceptance of desirable qualities and the rejection of negative ones; a preponderance of desirable qualities is what determines how well adjusted someone is. 
D)  a perfect balance between positive and negative personality characteristics. 
A)  the confrontation and resolution of various crises for better or worse. 
B)  dichotomies that lack any prescribed order, though these stages are nonetheless experienced by most individuals. 
C)  the acceptance of desirable qualities and the rejection of negative ones; a preponderance of desirable qualities is what determines how well adjusted someone is. 
D)  a perfect balance between positive and negative personality characteristics.

Question 4

Provide a one-sentence definition of Piaget's principle of equilibration.

Accepted Answer

Equilibration refers to the co

Question 5

Which of the following examples best illustrates Piaget's concept of assimilation?

Accepted Answer

A)  A person who quits the baseball team after learning that you must wear extremely tight, nylon pants. 
B)  A child who changes her scheme of "all snakes are poisonous and deadly" after easily surviving a bite from a common grass snake. 
C)  A woman who, after being stuck on an elevator, decides that all cable-driven devices are unsafe. 
D)  A student who learns that opossums can hang from tree branches by their tail and therefore adds opossums to her scheme of animals with prehensile tails. 
A)  A person who quits the baseball team after learning that you must wear extremely tight, nylon pants. 
B)  A child who changes her scheme of "all snakes are poisonous and deadly" after easily surviving a bite from a common grass snake. 
C)  A woman who, after being stuck on an elevator, decides that all cable-driven devices are unsafe. 
D)  A student who learns that opossums can hang from tree branches by their tail and therefore adds opossums to her scheme of animals with prehensile tails.

Question 6

Describe the types of moral reasoning that would be displayed by individuals whom Kohlberg would classify as preconventional.

Accepted Answer

Preconventional individuals ma

Question 7

What did Erikson mean when he said that personality grows out of psychosocial crises?

Accepted Answer

Erikson believes that personality growth

Question 8

Describe the characteristics of identity achievement types in Marcia's identity status classification scheme.

Accepted Answer

Identity achievement types hav

Question 9

Vygotsky was a contemporary of Piaget's whose research in the area of cognitive development in children indicates that

Accepted Answer

A)  the narrower the zone of proximal development, the easier it is to capitalize on instruction and grasp difficult concepts. 
B)  we learn best when instruction is pitched just above the lower limit of our zone of proximal development. 
C)  problem-solving skills and strategies tend to transcend cultural differences. 
D)  social interactions and experiences play no role in cognitive development. 
A)  the narrower the zone of proximal development, the easier it is to capitalize on instruction and grasp difficult concepts. 
B)  we learn best when instruction is pitched just above the lower limit of our zone of proximal development. 
C)  problem-solving skills and strategies tend to transcend cultural differences. 
D)  social interactions and experiences play no role in cognitive development.

Question 10

You have decided that the students in your kindergarten class will no longer be allowed to participate in unstructured play or imagination activities. These types of activities, in your opinion, are a waste of learning time and have no place in a solid curriculum. Your thoughts largely ignore the need to resolve which of the following psychosocial crises?

Accepted Answer

A)  trust versus mistrust 
B)  initiative versus guilt 
C)  integrity versus despair 
D)  play versus work 
A)  trust versus mistrust 
B)  initiative versus guilt 
C)  integrity versus despair 
D)  play versus work

Question 11

Define scaffolding and provide several examples of scaffolding techniques.

Accepted Answer

Scaffolding involves providing students

Question 12

Describe the characteristics of moratorium types in Marcia's identity status classification scheme.

Accepted Answer

Moratorium types have struggle

Question 13

Which of the following classroom practices would be most appropriate for children at Erikson's stage of industry versus inferiority?

Accepted Answer

A)  awarding extra points for students who finish assignments quickly 
B)  displaying charts listing the best students in various activities 
C)  placing completed assignments in each student's Successful Work folder 
D)  stressing the importance of earning high grades 
A)  awarding extra points for students who finish assignments quickly 
B)  displaying charts listing the best students in various activities 
C)  placing completed assignments in each student's Successful Work folder 
D)  stressing the importance of earning high grades

Question 14

According to Marcia, what identity status is usually the last to emerge developmentally?

Accepted Answer

A)  foreclosure 
B)  identity achievement 
C)  moratorium 
D)  identity diffusion 
A)  foreclosure 
B)  identity achievement 
C)  moratorium 
D)  identity diffusion

Question 15

What are the distinguishing characteristics of children whom Piaget would classify as concrete operational thinkers?

Accepted Answer

Children at this stage are cap

Question 16

Compare and contrast the theories of Erik Erikson and Jean Piaget with reference to a. psychological issues discussed. b. section of the life span covered. c. the dynamic nature of the stages. d. the attainability of the most advanced stage.

Accepted Answer

Erikson's and Piaget's theories have the

Question 17

Identify the stage and describe significant aspects of adult-child relationships that Erikson believes are of special importance during the early preschool years (between two and three years of age).

Accepted Answer

Stage: Autonomy versus shame and doubt.

Question 18

Identify the stage and describe significant aspects of adult-child relationships that Erikson believes are of special importance during the elementary to middle school years (between six and eleven years of age).

Accepted Answer

Stage: Industry versus inferiority. Esse

Question 19

Define Piaget's concept of the morality of cooperation (or moral relativism).

Accepted Answer

Moral relativism refers to the

Question 20

Describe the types of moral reasoning that would be displayed by individuals whom Kohlberg would classify as conventional.

Accepted Answer

Conventional individuals make

As described by Erikson, a psychosocial moratorium

According to Erikson, if Robert has successfully resolved the psychosocial crisis of adolescence, he is now able to

According to Erikson, personality growth occurs in eight stages that are characterized by

Provide a one-sentence definition of Piaget's principle of equilibration.

Which of the following examples best illustrates Piaget's concept of assimilation?

Describe the types of moral reasoning that would be displayed by individuals whom Kohlberg would classify as preconventional.

What did Erikson mean when he said that personality grows out of psychosocial crises?

Describe the characteristics of identity achievement types in Marcia's identity status classification scheme.

Vygotsky was a contemporary of Piaget's whose research in the area of cognitive development in children indicates that

Define scaffolding and provide several examples of scaffolding techniques.

Describe the characteristics of moratorium types in Marcia's identity status classification scheme.

Which of the following classroom practices would be most appropriate for children at Erikson's stage of industry versus inferiority?

According to Marcia, what identity status is usually the last to emerge developmentally?

What are the distinguishing characteristics of children whom Piaget would classify as concrete operational thinkers?

Compare and contrast the theories of Erik Erikson and Jean Piaget with reference to a. psychological issues discussed. b. section of the life span covered. c. the dynamic nature of the stages. d. the attainability of the most advanced stage.

Identify the stage and describe significant aspects of adult-child relationships that Erikson believes are of special importance during the early preschool years (between two and three years of age).

Identify the stage and describe significant aspects of adult-child relationships that Erikson believes are of special importance during the elementary to middle school years (between six and eleven years of age).

Define Piaget's concept of the morality of cooperation (or moral relativism).

Describe the types of moral reasoning that would be displayed by individuals whom Kohlberg would classify as conventional.

Applying Psychology to Teaching

Age-Level Characteristics

Understanding Student Differences

Addressing Cultural and Socioeconomic Diversity

Accommodating Student Variability

Behavioral Learning Theory: Operant Conditioning

Information-Processing Theory

Social Cognitive Theory

Constructivist Learning Theory, Problem Solving, and Transfer

Motivation and Perceptions of Self

Classroom Management

Approaches to Instruction

Assessment of Classroom Learning

Understanding Standardized Assessment

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Exam 2: Theories of Psychosocial and Cognitive Development

As described by Erikson, a psychosocial moratorium

According to Erikson, if Robert has successfully resolved the psychosocial crisis of adolescence, he is now able to

According to Erikson, personality growth occurs in eight stages that are characterized by

Provide a one-sentence definition of Piaget's principle of equilibration.

Which of the following examples best illustrates Piaget's concept of assimilation?

Describe the types of moral reasoning that would be displayed by individuals whom Kohlberg would classify as preconventional.

What did Erikson mean when he said that personality grows out of psychosocial crises?

Describe the characteristics of identity achievement types in Marcia's identity status classification scheme.

Vygotsky was a contemporary of Piaget's whose research in the area of cognitive development in children indicates that

Define scaffolding and provide several examples of scaffolding techniques.

Describe the characteristics of moratorium types in Marcia's identity status classification scheme.

Which of the following classroom practices would be most appropriate for children at Erikson's stage of industry versus inferiority?

According to Marcia, what identity status is usually the last to emerge developmentally?

What are the distinguishing characteristics of children whom Piaget would classify as concrete operational thinkers?

Compare and contrast the theories of Erik Erikson and Jean Piaget with reference to a. psychological issues discussed. b. section of the life span covered. c. the dynamic nature of the stages. d. the attainability of the most advanced stage.

Identify the stage and describe significant aspects of adult-child relationships that Erikson believes are of special importance during the early preschool years (between two and three years of age).

Identify the stage and describe significant aspects of adult-child relationships that Erikson believes are of special importance during the elementary to middle school years (between six and eleven years of age).

Define Piaget's concept of the morality of cooperation (or moral relativism).

Describe the types of moral reasoning that would be displayed by individuals whom Kohlberg would classify as conventional.

Applying Psychology to Teaching

Age-Level Characteristics

Understanding Student Differences

Addressing Cultural and Socioeconomic Diversity

Accommodating Student Variability

Behavioral Learning Theory: Operant Conditioning

Information-Processing Theory

Social Cognitive Theory

Constructivist Learning Theory, Problem Solving, and Transfer

Motivation and Perceptions of Self

Classroom Management

Approaches to Instruction

Assessment of Classroom Learning

Understanding Standardized Assessment

Filters