Exam 9: Prosocial Behavior: Doing Whats Best for Others

The management at Nargis's company tends to be fair. They treat people with respect, they do not make unrealistic demands on their employees, and they reward people appropriately. As a result, Nargis and her co-workers tend to be good "____"; they help one another out and they speak respectfully of their jobs.

Egoistic helping is motivated by ____ and the end goal is to ____.

The idea that empathy motivates people to reduce others' distress is known as the  ________________.

Much of the time, people engage in altruistic behavior because doing so makes them feel good. Is it correct to conclude, then, that altruistic acts are fundamentally selfish? Or should such acts be considered altruistic despite their seemingly selfish motives? What do the textbook authors conclude about this?

The concept of "pay it forward"-doing a favor someone and asking that person to do the same in the future-can promote prosocial behavior. Social scientists refer to this concept as ____.

Conformity to social norms is likely to be highest when ____.

Which couple is most likely to survive an isolated incident of sexual infidelity in which one partner cheats but the other partner remains faithful?

Suppose that, one day, a fierce and crazy lion broke loose from the zoo. Instead of running around wildly, however, the lion calmed himself down rather quickly, walked through the crowds at the zoo, exited the facility, and made his way to a local park; here he stretched out to do some child-watching. People in the park were confused by the sudden presence of the lion. They thought to themselves: "Isn't that a lion?" "Um, is it really dangerous to have a lion right here?" However, none of them voiced their concerns, and as a result there was no communication about the lion; the park-goers ultimately assumed that there was a reason for the lion to be there ("otherwise," they thought, "someone would have said something"). And the lion ended up staying at the park for several hours. In this example, ____ was most at play.

Brenda has never forgiven Brad for having an affair he had a few years ago. Even though she has agreed to stay in the marriage, every time they have a new problem, what is Brenda likely to do (based on research cited in your text)?

People who are physically attractive tend to receive more help than people who aren't ____.

Research on forgiveness in romantic relationships indicates that ____.

Blaming the victim is an unfortunate consequence of the ________________ assumption.

____ can be defined as ceasing to feel angry toward, and ceasing to seek retribution against, someone who has wronged you.

Research indicates that reciprocity norms are found in ____ human cultures.

The political scientist Robert Axelrod once held a computer tournament designed to determine the most successful prisoner's dilemma strategy (the strategy that would win most often for the longest period of time). That strategy was dubbed ____.

Research on gender and helping indicates that female helpers are ____.

In Milgram's classic research on obedience to authority, which of the following things was true?

Given the research on gender and helping, in which of the following situations would women be most likely to help more than men?

Which of the following is/are motivated by empathy?

Research on gender and helping indicates that male helpers tend to ____, and that female helpers tend to ____.