Exam 1: Introducing Psychology

Describe the classic study at the U.S. Air Force Preparatory School conducted by Rosenthal (1973) on how expectations can influence people, and discuss its findings and implications.

Any condition that can change and that might affect the outcome of the experiment is called a(n)

In surveys conducted the week after an election, more people will say they voted than actually did, indicating a courtesy bias.

You are a research assistant helping a psychologist to examine the effects of vitamin E on memory. Discuss each of the following as it relates to this experiment: a. the independent, dependent, and possible extraneous variables b. how the extraneous variables will be controlled c. how the experimental and control groups will be set up d. whether a single-blind or double-blind experiment will be utilized e. how the results will be measured

The fourth R in the SQ4R method stands for

A single-blind experiment would most likely be used to minimize researcher bias.

If you see a course advertised that offers a "new personality in three sessions" or "six steps to love and fulfillment in marriage," you should beware of these __________.

When a psychologist uses scientific observation, these observations must

In an experiment to find out if taking Vitamin C decreases the number of colds one has during the winter, the number of colds participants got would be the independent variable.

Which step in the SQ4R method involves skimming through the module before reading this module in depth?

When a person remembers or notices only things that backs up his or her expectations and forgets the rest, he or she is experiencing the confirmation bias.

How interesting you find a college course depends more on your attitude than on how entertaining the instructor makes his or her lectures.

Kevin is a law student, who reads an advertisement for a sleep-learning device that claims to have helped a law student pass the state bar exam. Kevin should

When observers see what they expect to see or record only selected details, they are exhibiting a problem in naturalistic observation known as the __________.

The control group and the experimental group are treated exactly the same EXCEPT for the __________ variable.

A police officer expecting criminal behavior shoots a person who is reaching for his wallet because he perceives the suspect as reaching for a gun. This is a dangerous example of the

The boys in Ms. Jones' third grade class were lined up according to height and were then weighed in this order beginning with the shortest. Each succeeding boy was found to weigh more than the preceding one. These data were plotted on a graph with weight on the horizontal axis and height on the vertical axis and revealed a

If a psychologist is using chimpanzees in order to study attachment patterns in all primates, including humans, the psychologist is using a(n) __________ model.

Psychologists who advocate the evolutionary view explain behavior through

According to Freud, unconscious thoughts are often revealed by