Question 1

Regarding the experiments using intracranial self-stimulation, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  When rats self-administer nicotine, they are even more likely to engage in intracranial self-stimulation because nicotine further increases the sensitivity of the pleasure pathways. 
B)  After the rats had pressed the intracranial self-stimulation lever to exhaustion, they were less likely to press the lever again once they were revived. 
C)  Intracranial self-stimulation involves electrical stimulation of the limbic system of the brain. 
D)  Intracranial self-stimulation is considered to be a primary reinforcer. 
A)  When rats self-administer nicotine, they are even more likely to engage in intracranial self-stimulation because nicotine further increases the sensitivity of the pleasure pathways. 
B)  After the rats had pressed the intracranial self-stimulation lever to exhaustion, they were less likely to press the lever again once they were revived. 
C)  Intracranial self-stimulation involves electrical stimulation of the limbic system of the brain. 
D)  Intracranial self-stimulation is considered to be a primary reinforcer. B

Question 2

The effectiveness of punishers depends greatly on all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  timing. 
B)  consistency. 
C)  intensity. 
D)  generalization. 
A)  timing. 
B)  consistency. 
C)  intensity. 
D)  generalization. D

Question 3

Time-out is an example of negative punishment, which is also called __________.

Accepted Answer

response cost

Question 4

After repeatedly pairing the appearance of a nurse in green scrubs with the painful experience of getting a vaccination, the patient will react every time they see a nurse in green grubs enter the room. In this example, the nurse in the green scrubs is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  conditioned response (CR). 
B)  conditioned stimulus (CS). 
C)  unconditioned response (UR). 
D)  unconditioned stimulus (US). 
A)  conditioned response (CR). 
B)  conditioned stimulus (CS). 
C)  unconditioned response (UR). 
D)  unconditioned stimulus (US).

Question 5

Operant conditioning involves which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  unconditioned responses 
B)  reflexes 
C)  reinforcement 
D)  conditioned responses 
A)  unconditioned responses 
B)  reflexes 
C)  reinforcement 
D)  conditioned responses

Question 6

Many involuntary, autonomic system responses ("fight-or-flight" reflexes) are linked with new stimuli and situations by

Accepted Answer

A)  operant extinction. 
B)  classical conditioning. 
C)  operant conditioning. 
D)  instrumental acquisition. 
A)  operant extinction. 
B)  classical conditioning. 
C)  operant conditioning. 
D)  instrumental acquisition.

Question 7

Your friend tells you that "negative reinforcement is a type of punishment." Explain why your friend is VERY WRONG about these concepts by giving the definition and an example of each concept.

Accepted Answer

Answer will include the definition diffe

Question 8

Taking away a teen's privileges or using time out with younger children are examples of

Accepted Answer

A)  aversive conditioning. 
B)  response chaining. 
C)  negative reinforcement. 
D)  punishment. 
A)  aversive conditioning. 
B)  response chaining. 
C)  negative reinforcement. 
D)  punishment.

Question 9

Negative attention-seeking will develop in some children because

Accepted Answer

A)  punishment is always ineffective and teaches aggression. 
B)  the parents reward the children's correct social behaviors in only limited situations. 
C)  punishment was not used to get rid of the negative attention-seeking in the children. 
D)  the children receive attention when they are ill-behaved but are ignored when they are well-behaved. 
A)  punishment is always ineffective and teaches aggression. 
B)  the parents reward the children's correct social behaviors in only limited situations. 
C)  punishment was not used to get rid of the negative attention-seeking in the children. 
D)  the children receive attention when they are ill-behaved but are ignored when they are well-behaved.

Question 10

Unlocking the secrets of which type of learning begins with noting what happens before and after a particular behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  associative learning 
B)  insight learning 
C)  cognitive learning 
D)  vicarious learning 
A)  associative learning 
B)  insight learning 
C)  cognitive learning 
D)  vicarious learning

Question 11

After watching a great deal of televised violence, people often become less likely to react negatively to the violence, that is, they become __________ to it.

Accepted Answer

The answer of After watching a great deal of televised...

Question 12

In classical conditioning, a neutral stimulus is repeatedly paired with another stimulus that naturally elicits a reflex response. This neutral stimulus will become known as the

Accepted Answer

A)  unconditioned stimulus. 
B)  conditioned stimulus. 
C)  reflexive stimulus. 
D)  latent stimulus. 
A)  unconditioned stimulus. 
B)  conditioned stimulus. 
C)  reflexive stimulus. 
D)  latent stimulus.

Question 13

Bernice is "potty training" 18-month-old Kenny. First, she allows him to become familiar with the potty chair, next she reinforces Kenny for just sitting on the potty, and finally she reinforces Kenny for actually "using" the potty. Bernice is using a procedure called

Accepted Answer

A)  latent learning. 
B)  vicarious classical conditioning. 
C)  shaping. 
D)  intermittent conditioning. 
A)  latent learning. 
B)  vicarious classical conditioning. 
C)  shaping. 
D)  intermittent conditioning.

Question 14

It has been widely accepted that that many phobias begin as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  spontaneous recovery. 
B)  operant reinforcer. 
C)  response chain. 
D)  conditioned emotional response. 
A)  spontaneous recovery. 
B)  operant reinforcer. 
C)  response chain. 
D)  conditioned emotional response.

Question 15

The removal of a pleasant state of affairs that reduces the frequency of a target behavior is referred to as response cost, or

Accepted Answer

A)  positive punishment. 
B)  negative reinforcement. 
C)  negative punishment. 
D)  nonreinforcement. 
A)  positive punishment. 
B)  negative reinforcement. 
C)  negative punishment. 
D)  nonreinforcement.

Question 16

Explain the difference between primary and secondary reinforcers, including how secondary reinforcers develop, and give two examples of each type of reinforcer.

Accepted Answer

Answer includes the definitions of prima

Question 17

Choosing a target behavior, recording a baseline, establishing goals, choosing reinforcers, recording progress, rewarding progress, and adjusting one's plan are the steps making up a procedure known as __________.

Accepted Answer

behavioral

Question 18

The type of learning that involves higher mental processes, such as understanding, knowing, or anticipating is called __________ learning.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The type of learning that involves higher...

Question 19

Your dog has learned to run to his food dish whenever he sees you go to the closet in the laundry room where you keep his dry food. Your dog learned this association through

Accepted Answer

A)  instrumental learning. 
B)  classical conditioning. 
C)  observational learning. 
D)  operant conditioning. 
A)  instrumental learning. 
B)  classical conditioning. 
C)  observational learning. 
D)  operant conditioning.

Question 20

Which of the following types of associative learning is also known as instrumental learning and can be used to alter your own behavior and the behavior of pets, children, and other adults?

Accepted Answer

A)  respondent conditioning 
B)  operant conditioning 
C)  classical conditioning 
D)  Pavlovian conditioning 
A)  respondent conditioning 
B)  operant conditioning 
C)  classical conditioning 
D)  Pavlovian conditioning

Regarding the experiments using intracranial self-stimulation, which of the following statements is FALSE?

The effectiveness of punishers depends greatly on all of the following EXCEPT

Time-out is an example of negative punishment, which is also called __________.

After repeatedly pairing the appearance of a nurse in green scrubs with the painful experience of getting a vaccination, the patient will react every time they see a nurse in green grubs enter the room. In this example, the nurse in the green scrubs is a(n)

Operant conditioning involves which of the following?

Many involuntary, autonomic system responses ("fight-or-flight" reflexes) are linked with new stimuli and situations by

Your friend tells you that "negative reinforcement is a type of punishment." Explain why your friend is VERY WRONG about these concepts by giving the definition and an example of each concept.

Taking away a teen's privileges or using time out with younger children are examples of

Negative attention-seeking will develop in some children because

Unlocking the secrets of which type of learning begins with noting what happens before and after a particular behavior?

After watching a great deal of televised violence, people often become less likely to react negatively to the violence, that is, they become __________ to it.

In classical conditioning, a neutral stimulus is repeatedly paired with another stimulus that naturally elicits a reflex response. This neutral stimulus will become known as the

Bernice is "potty training" 18-month-old Kenny. First, she allows him to become familiar with the potty chair, next she reinforces Kenny for just sitting on the potty, and finally she reinforces Kenny for actually "using" the potty. Bernice is using a procedure called

It has been widely accepted that that many phobias begin as a(n)

The removal of a pleasant state of affairs that reduces the frequency of a target behavior is referred to as response cost, or

Explain the difference between primary and secondary reinforcers, including how secondary reinforcers develop, and give two examples of each type of reinforcer.

Choosing a target behavior, recording a baseline, establishing goals, choosing reinforcers, recording progress, rewarding progress, and adjusting one's plan are the steps making up a procedure known as __________.

The type of learning that involves higher mental processes, such as understanding, knowing, or anticipating is called __________ learning.

Your dog has learned to run to his food dish whenever he sees you go to the closet in the laundry room where you keep his dry food. Your dog learned this association through

Which of the following types of associative learning is also known as instrumental learning and can be used to alter your own behavior and the behavior of pets, children, and other adults?

Introducing Psychology

Brain and Behavior

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Exam 6: Conditioning and Learning

Regarding the experiments using intracranial self-stimulation, which of the following statements is FALSE?

The effectiveness of punishers depends greatly on all of the following EXCEPT

Time-out is an example of negative punishment, which is also called __________.

After repeatedly pairing the appearance of a nurse in green scrubs with the painful experience of getting a vaccination, the patient will react every time they see a nurse in green grubs enter the room. In this example, the nurse in the green scrubs is a(n)

Operant conditioning involves which of the following?

Many involuntary, autonomic system responses ("fight-or-flight" reflexes) are linked with new stimuli and situations by

Your friend tells you that "negative reinforcement is a type of punishment." Explain why your friend is VERY WRONG about these concepts by giving the definition and an example of each concept.

Taking away a teen's privileges or using time out with younger children are examples of

Negative attention-seeking will develop in some children because

Unlocking the secrets of which type of learning begins with noting what happens before and after a particular behavior?

After watching a great deal of televised violence, people often become less likely to react negatively to the violence, that is, they become __________ to it.

In classical conditioning, a neutral stimulus is repeatedly paired with another stimulus that naturally elicits a reflex response. This neutral stimulus will become known as the

Bernice is "potty training" 18-month-old Kenny. First, she allows him to become familiar with the potty chair, next she reinforces Kenny for just sitting on the potty, and finally she reinforces Kenny for actually "using" the potty. Bernice is using a procedure called

It has been widely accepted that that many phobias begin as a(n)

The removal of a pleasant state of affairs that reduces the frequency of a target behavior is referred to as response cost, or

Explain the difference between primary and secondary reinforcers, including how secondary reinforcers develop, and give two examples of each type of reinforcer.

Choosing a target behavior, recording a baseline, establishing goals, choosing reinforcers, recording progress, rewarding progress, and adjusting one's plan are the steps making up a procedure known as __________.

The type of learning that involves higher mental processes, such as understanding, knowing, or anticipating is called __________ learning.

Your dog has learned to run to his food dish whenever he sees you go to the closet in the laundry room where you keep his dry food. Your dog learned this association through

Which of the following types of associative learning is also known as instrumental learning and can be used to alter your own behavior and the behavior of pets, children, and other adults?

Introducing Psychology

Brain and Behavior

Human Development

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Memory

Cognition and Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Human Sexuality

Personality

Health Psychology

Psychological Disorders

Herapies

Social Psychology

Applied Psychology

Filters