Question 1

T cells will begin to secrete cytokines when bound to a(n) ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  MHC - antigen complex 
B)  receptor - antigen complex 
C)  antigen directly bound to the surface of a transport vesicle 
D)  antigen - antibody complex 
E)  bacterial pathogen 
A)  MHC - antigen complex 
B)  receptor - antigen complex 
C)  antigen directly bound to the surface of a transport vesicle 
D)  antigen - antibody complex 
E)  bacterial pathogen A

Question 2

Which of the following is a phagocyte that acts to alert the adaptive immune system of the presence of antigen in solid tissue?

Accepted Answer

A)  macrophages 
B)  monocytes 
C)  neutrophils 
D)  dendritic cells 
E)  eosinophils 
A)  macrophages 
B)  monocytes 
C)  neutrophils 
D)  dendritic cells 
E)  eosinophils D

Question 3

The cell-mediated immune response is most effective against ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  cancer cells only 
B)  viral-infected cells only 
C)  bacteria circulating in the blood 
D)  both cancer cells and viral infected cells 
E)  normal flora 
A)  cancer cells only 
B)  viral-infected cells only 
C)  bacteria circulating in the blood 
D)  both cancer cells and viral infected cells 
E)  normal flora D

Question 4

White blood cells that patrol interstitial fluid, phagocytize almost everything except uninjured body cells, and secrete cytokines to alert the adaptive immune system to threats are known as ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  neutrophils 
B)  macrophages 
C)  T lymphocytes 
D)  dendritic cells 
E)  eosinophils 
A)  neutrophils 
B)  macrophages 
C)  T lymphocytes 
D)  dendritic cells 
E)  eosinophils

Question 5

Antigen bearing particles in the blood travel to the ____, while those in solid tissues travel to the ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  spleen; bone marrow 
B)  thymus; bone marrow 
C)  spleen; lymph nodes 
D)  lymph nodes; spleen 
E)  bone marrow; thymus 
A)  spleen; bone marrow 
B)  thymus; bone marrow 
C)  spleen; lymph nodes 
D)  lymph nodes; spleen 
E)  bone marrow; thymus

Question 6

Complement proteins ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  prevent pathogens from entering the interior environment of the body 
B)  bore channels in targeted cells, causing them to burst 
C)  inactivate other complement proteins 
D)  bind to pathogens making them a target for antibodies 
E)  destroy healthy body cells as well as invading microorganisms 
A)  prevent pathogens from entering the interior environment of the body 
B)  bore channels in targeted cells, causing them to burst 
C)  inactivate other complement proteins 
D)  bind to pathogens making them a target for antibodies 
E)  destroy healthy body cells as well as invading microorganisms

Question 7

Since HIV attacks T cells, which type of immunity is affected in HIV-infected individuals?

Accepted Answer

A)  innate 
B)  antibody-mediated 
C)  cell-mediated 
D)  inflammation 
E)  complement 
A)  innate 
B)  antibody-mediated 
C)  cell-mediated 
D)  inflammation 
E)  complement

Question 8

The antibody-mediated immune response is most effective against ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  cancer cells 
B)  viral infected cells 
C)  bacteria circulating in the blood 
D)  normal flora 
E)  self-cells 
A)  cancer cells 
B)  viral infected cells 
C)  bacteria circulating in the blood 
D)  normal flora 
E)  self-cells

Question 9

Immunity ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  is always adaptive 
B)  is an organism ' s ability to resist and combat infections 
C)  evolved after the emergence of multicellular organisms 
D)  is only found in mammals 
E)  is not specific for any given pathogen 
A)  is always adaptive 
B)  is an organism ' s ability to resist and combat infections 
C)  evolved after the emergence of multicellular organisms 
D)  is only found in mammals 
E)  is not specific for any given pathogen

Question 10

Place the steps of bacterial antigen processing and presentation in the correct order. 
1. Lysosomal enzymes digest the bacterium into molecular bits.
2. The antigen - MHC complex is displayed on the cell surface.
3. The endocytic vesicle fuses with a lysosome.
4. A bacterium is engulfed by a phagocytic cell.

Accepted Answer

A)  4-3-1-2 
B)  4-3-2-1 
C)  3-4-2-1 
D)  2-4-3-1 
A)  4-3-1-2 
B)  4-3-2-1 
C)  3-4-2-1 
D)  2-4-3-1

Question 11

If a person is incapable of making effector helper T cells, what will be the result?

Accepted Answer

A)  Antibodies will not be produced. 
B)  Effector B cells will not be produced. 
C)  Memory B cells will not be produced. 
D)  Complement cascade will not occur. 
E)  Memory and effector B cells will not be produced. 
A)  Antibodies will not be produced. 
B)  Effector B cells will not be produced. 
C)  Memory B cells will not be produced. 
D)  Complement cascade will not occur. 
E)  Memory and effector B cells will not be produced.

Question 12

Smallpox ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  was the target of the first vaccine 
B)  is spread by infected cattle 
C)  is only found in subtropical climates 
D)  was eradicated by 1850 
E)  is unrelated to cowpox 
A)  was the target of the first vaccine 
B)  is spread by infected cattle 
C)  is only found in subtropical climates 
D)  was eradicated by 1850 
E)  is unrelated to cowpox

Question 13

Antibody molecules ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  are secreted by B cells and T cells 
B)  stay attached to the B cell membrane as B cell receptors 
C)  inactivate complement proteins 
D)  prevent phagocytosis 
E)  can each bind to many different antigens 
A)  are secreted by B cells and T cells 
B)  stay attached to the B cell membrane as B cell receptors 
C)  inactivate complement proteins 
D)  prevent phagocytosis 
E)  can each bind to many different antigens

Question 14

The goal of immunization is to ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  limit the amount of time a person is ill with a disease 
B)  induce immunity to disease 
C)  enable infected individuals to recover from specific diseases 
D)  expose individuals to a disease 
E)  elicit an allergic response 
A)  limit the amount of time a person is ill with a disease 
B)  induce immunity to disease 
C)  enable infected individuals to recover from specific diseases 
D)  expose individuals to a disease 
E)  elicit an allergic response

Question 15

Acne results when bacterial secretions ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  leak into internal tissues of follicles and cause inflammation 
B)  flow into open skin wounds 
C)  are swallowed and activate the innate immune response 
D)  mix with sweat and become more acidic. 
E)  are phagocytized by macrophages 
A)  leak into internal tissues of follicles and cause inflammation 
B)  flow into open skin wounds 
C)  are swallowed and activate the innate immune response 
D)  mix with sweat and become more acidic. 
E)  are phagocytized by macrophages

Question 16

Once a stimulus for inflammation subsides, ____ produce compounds that suppress inflammation and promote healing.

Accepted Answer

A)  neutrophils 
B)  macrophages 
C)  dendritic cells 
D)  T lymphocytes 
E)  monocytes 
A)  neutrophils 
B)  macrophages 
C)  dendritic cells 
D)  T lymphocytes 
E)  monocytes

Question 17

How are humans able to produce billions of unique B and T cell receptors?

Accepted Answer

A)  Each time a pathogen is encountered, a new receptor is produced. 
B)  The two different genes that encode receptor proteins allow for many versions of receptors to be produced. 
C)  Random splicing of gene segments encoding receptor proteins allows for 2.5 billion potential combinations. 
D)  Antigen - presenting cells stimulate B and T cells to each produce billions of receptor molecules. 
E)  There are billions of B and T cells, each of which produces a single receptor on its cell surface. 
A)  Each time a pathogen is encountered, a new receptor is produced. 
B)  The two different genes that encode receptor proteins allow for many versions of receptors to be produced. 
C)  Random splicing of gene segments encoding receptor proteins allows for 2.5 billion potential combinations. 
D)  Antigen - presenting cells stimulate B and T cells to each produce billions of receptor molecules. 
E)  There are billions of B and T cells, each of which produces a single receptor on its cell surface.

Question 18

____ patrol the blood and develop into phagocytic ____ that patrol tissues and interstitial fluid.

Accepted Answer

A)  Macrophages; neutrophils 
B)  Neutrophils; macrophages 
C)  Dendritic cells; macrophages 
D)  Monocytes; macrophages 
E)  Monocytes; dendritic cells 
A)  Macrophages; neutrophils 
B)  Neutrophils; macrophages 
C)  Dendritic cells; macrophages 
D)  Monocytes; macrophages 
E)  Monocytes; dendritic cells

Question 19

Inflammation, complement proteins, and phagocytes are part of ____ immunity.

Accepted Answer

A)  adaptive 
B)  innate 
C)  antibody-mediated 
D)  cell-mediated 
E)  surface barrier 
A)  adaptive 
B)  innate 
C)  antibody-mediated 
D)  cell-mediated 
E)  surface barrier

Question 20

Place the following events of an inflammatory event in response to bacterial infection in proper order. 1. Activated complement binds to bacteria.
2) Capillary permeability increases.
3) Phagocytes engulf bacteria.
4) Mast cell receptors bind to bacterial antigens.
5) Signaling molecules cause arterioles to widen.

Accepted Answer

A)  4-5-2-1-3 
B)  4-3-1-2-5 
C)  5-2-1-4-3 
D)  1-3-4-2-5 
E)  5-2-4-1-3 
A)  4-5-2-1-3 
B)  4-3-1-2-5 
C)  5-2-1-4-3 
D)  1-3-4-2-5 
E)  5-2-4-1-3

Exam 23: Immunity

T cells will begin to secrete cytokines when bound to a(n) ____.

Which of the following is a phagocyte that acts to alert the adaptive immune system of the presence of antigen in solid tissue?

The cell-mediated immune response is most effective against ____.

White blood cells that patrol interstitial fluid, phagocytize almost everything except uninjured body cells, and secrete cytokines to alert the adaptive immune system to threats are known as ____.

Antigen bearing particles in the blood travel to the ____, while those in solid tissues travel to the ____.

Complement proteins ____.

Since HIV attacks T cells, which type of immunity is affected in HIV-infected individuals?

The antibody-mediated immune response is most effective against ____.

Immunity ____.

If a person is incapable of making effector helper T cells, what will be the result?

Smallpox ____.

Antibody molecules ____.

The goal of immunization is to ____.

Acne results when bacterial secretions ____.

Once a stimulus for inflammation subsides, ____ produce compounds that suppress inflammation and promote healing.

How are humans able to produce billions of unique B and T cell receptors?

____ patrol the blood and develop into phagocytic ____ that patrol tissues and interstitial fluid.

Inflammation, complement proteins, and phagocytes are part of ____ immunity.

Invitation to Biology

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure

Energy and Metabolism

Photosynthesis

Releasing Chemical Energy

Dna Structure and Function

Gene Expression and Control

How Cells Reproduce

Patterns of Inheritance

Biotechnology

Evidence of Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Prokaryotes, Protists, and Viruses

Plants and Fungi

Animal Evolution

Population Ecology

Communities and Ecosystems

The Biosphere and Human Effects

Animal Tissues and Organs

How Animals Move

Circulation and Respiration

Digestion and Excretion

Neural Control and the Senses

Endocrine Control

Animal Reproduction and Development

Plant Form and Function

Life Cycles of Flowering Plants

Filters

Antigen bearing particles in the blood travel to the , while those in solid tissues travel to the .

patrol the blood and develop into phagocytic that patrol tissues and interstitial fluid.