Question 1

____detect changes in pressure and convert this stimulus energy into ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  Thermoreceptors; action potentials 
B)  Mechanoreceptors; action potentials 
C)  Chemoreceptors; resting potentials 
D)  Photoreceptors; resting potentials 
E)  Osmoreceptors; threshold potentials 
A)  Thermoreceptors; action potentials 
B)  Mechanoreceptors; action potentials 
C)  Chemoreceptors; resting potentials 
D)  Photoreceptors; resting potentials 
E)  Osmoreceptors; threshold potentials B

Question 2

When sodium ions flow into the axon cytoplasm, ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  the membrane potential reverses 
B)  the cytoplasm becomes more negatively charged 
C)  the interstitial fluid becomes more positively charged 
D)  an action potential is reversed 
E)  the membrane potential is re-established 
A)  the membrane potential reverses 
B)  the cytoplasm becomes more negatively charged 
C)  the interstitial fluid becomes more positively charged 
D)  an action potential is reversed 
E)  the membrane potential is re-established A

Question 3

Neuroglial Schwann cells produce ____, which _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  neurotransmitters; are unnecessary for proper nervous signal conduction 
B)  the myelin sheath; maintain the resting potential in neurons 
C)  the myelin sheath; increases the speed of an action potential 
D)  neurotransmitters; conduct signals across synapses 
E)  meninges; provide neurotransmitters to neurons 
A)  neurotransmitters; are unnecessary for proper nervous signal conduction 
B)  the myelin sheath; maintain the resting potential in neurons 
C)  the myelin sheath; increases the speed of an action potential 
D)  neurotransmitters; conduct signals across synapses 
E)  meninges; provide neurotransmitters to neurons C

Question 4

Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks and destroys ____, resulting in ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  dendrites; activation of acetylcholine 
B)  axon terminals; euphoria 
C)  receptors for neurotransmitters; the blocking of neurotransmitter reuptake 
D)  myelin sheaths; impaired coordination 
E)  cell body membranes; memory loss 
A)  dendrites; activation of acetylcholine 
B)  axon terminals; euphoria 
C)  receptors for neurotransmitters; the blocking of neurotransmitter reuptake 
D)  myelin sheaths; impaired coordination 
E)  cell body membranes; memory loss

Question 5

A neuron ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  communicates with other cells via electrical signaling only 
B)  communicates with other cells via chemical signaling only 
C)  communicates with other cells via a combination of electrical and chemical signaling 
D)  is not involved in direct communication with other cells 
E)  communicates via glial cells 
A)  communicates with other cells via electrical signaling only 
B)  communicates with other cells via chemical signaling only 
C)  communicates with other cells via a combination of electrical and chemical signaling 
D)  is not involved in direct communication with other cells 
E)  communicates via glial cells

Question 6

If a person is highly alert, anxious, and has loss of fine motor control, which psychoactive drug have they most likely taken?

Accepted Answer

A)  a narcotic analgesic 
B)  a stimulant 
C)  a depressant 
D)  a hallucinogen 
E)  an endorphin 
A)  a narcotic analgesic 
B)  a stimulant 
C)  a depressant 
D)  a hallucinogen 
E)  an endorphin

Question 7

Which parts of the human eye are adjustable-that is, they can be adjusted to accommodate light and/or images?

Accepted Answer

A)  the cornea and the pupil 
B)  the iris and the retina 
C)  the lens and the retina 
D)  the cornea and the lens 
E)  the lens and the iris 
A)  the cornea and the pupil 
B)  the iris and the retina 
C)  the lens and the retina 
D)  the cornea and the lens 
E)  the lens and the iris

Question 8

Match between columns
                        Premises: relays sensory signals to and from cerebral cortex
works with the pituitary to maintain homeostatic control
bridges the cerebrum and the cerebellum and connects the spinal cord to the forebrain
initiates and controls skeletal muscle activity; governs memory, emotions, and abstract thought
coordinates motor activity for moving limbs and maintaining posture

Accepted Answer

The Answer of hypothalamus and thalamus and pons and cerebellum is...

Question 9

Referring to the above diagram of the brain, B identifies which region?

Accepted Answer

A)  hypothalamus 
B)  thalamus 
C)  cerebrum 
D)  corpus callosum 
E)  cerebellum 
A)  hypothalamus 
B)  thalamus 
C)  cerebrum 
D)  corpus callosum 
E)  cerebellum

Question 10

The vestibular apparatus ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  controls depth perception 
B)  consists of one fluid-filled semicircular canals 
C)  contains mechanoreceptors that detect fluid shifts 
D)  contains no sensory receptors 
E)  contains olfactory receptors that detect odorous chemicals 
A)  controls depth perception 
B)  consists of one fluid-filled semicircular canals 
C)  contains mechanoreceptors that detect fluid shifts 
D)  contains no sensory receptors 
E)  contains olfactory receptors that detect odorous chemicals

Question 11

The blind spot is located in the ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  cornea 
B)  optic disk 
C)  fovea 
D)  sclera 
E)  retina 
A)  cornea 
B)  optic disk 
C)  fovea 
D)  sclera 
E)  retina

Question 12

It is the morning of a big test. You are very nervous about it. Your heart is racing and your blood pressure is increased. You are feeling the effects of the ____ division of the ____ nervous system.

Accepted Answer

A)  parasympathetic; autonomic 
B)  parasympathetic; somatic 
C)  sympathetic; autonomic 
D)  sympathetic; somatic 
E)  autonomic; somatic 
A)  parasympathetic; autonomic 
B)  parasympathetic; somatic 
C)  sympathetic; autonomic 
D)  sympathetic; somatic 
E)  autonomic; somatic

Question 13

Match between columns
                        Premises: addictive drugs simulate the release of this neurotransmitter
slows rate of heart contractions
a decrease in this neurotransmitter causes attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder
nicotine blocks receptors for this neurotransmitter
caffeine binds to and prevents the function of this neurotransmitter
a shortage of this neurotransmitter causes Parkinson's disease
the psychoactive ingredient in marijuana
the body's natural painkillers
damage to brain neurons that release this neurotransmitter causes Alzheimer's disease
alcohol binds to and enhances the function of the receptor for this neurotransmitter
morphine, codeine, and heroin mimic this neurotransmitter

Accepted Answer

The Answer of GABA and THC and endorphins and dopamine is...

Question 14

The effects of nerve gas prevent the removal of acetylcholine from synapses by interfering with its ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  diffusion away from the synaptic cleft 
B)  enzymatic degradation 
C)  active pumping back into the neuron 
D)  binding to its respective receptor 
E)  ability to flux ions across the membrane of the receiving neuron 
A)  diffusion away from the synaptic cleft 
B)  enzymatic degradation 
C)  active pumping back into the neuron 
D)  binding to its respective receptor 
E)  ability to flux ions across the membrane of the receiving neuron

Question 15

Referring to the above diagram of the brain, which letter identifies the lobe of the cerebrum that is responsible for integration of visual signals?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  both the A and B lobes participate in the integration of visual signals 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  both the A and B lobes participate in the integration of visual signals

Question 16

A severely injured animal is still able to defend itself due to the action of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  dopamine 
B)  endorphins 
C)  GABA 
D)  acetylcholine 
A)  dopamine 
B)  endorphins 
C)  GABA 
D)  acetylcholine

Question 17

A concussion is caused by ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  the accumulation of tau proteins in the brain 
B)  chronic traumatic encephalopathy due to multiple head injuries 
C)  mechanical stress resulting from an impact to the head 
D)  sensory overstimulation resulting from an impact to the head 
E)  damage to nerve nets caused by exposure to explosions in combat zones 
A)  the accumulation of tau proteins in the brain 
B)  chronic traumatic encephalopathy due to multiple head injuries 
C)  mechanical stress resulting from an impact to the head 
D)  sensory overstimulation resulting from an impact to the head 
E)  damage to nerve nets caused by exposure to explosions in combat zones

Question 18

Vampire bats use _____ on their nose to locate the blood vessels of their prey

Accepted Answer

A)  mechanoreceptors 
B)  chemoreceptors 
C)  thermoreceptors 
D)  photoreceptors 
E)  proprioceptors 
A)  mechanoreceptors 
B)  chemoreceptors 
C)  thermoreceptors 
D)  photoreceptors 
E)  proprioceptors

Question 19

Referring to the above diagram of the brain, which letter identifies the region responsible for relaying sensory input to the forebrain and functions in reward-based learning?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E

Question 20

Which represents the charged environment inside a resting neuron and the interstitial fluid that surrounds it?

Accepted Answer

A)  negatively charged proteins inside; more sodium ions inside than outside; more potassium ions outside than inside 
B)  positively charged proteins inside; more sodium ions inside than outside; more potassium ions outside than inside 
C)  negatively charged proteins inside; more sodium ions outside than inside; more potassium ions inside than outside 
D)  positively charged proteins inside; more sodium ions outside than inside; more potassium ions inside than outside 
E)  negatively charged proteins inside; equal amounts of sodium and potassium ions inside and outside 
A)  negatively charged proteins inside; more sodium ions inside than outside; more potassium ions outside than inside 
B)  positively charged proteins inside; more sodium ions inside than outside; more potassium ions outside than inside 
C)  negatively charged proteins inside; more sodium ions outside than inside; more potassium ions inside than outside 
D)  positively charged proteins inside; more sodium ions outside than inside; more potassium ions inside than outside 
E)  negatively charged proteins inside; equal amounts of sodium and potassium ions inside and outside

Exam 25: Neural Control and the Senses

____detect changes in pressure and convert this stimulus energy into ____.

When sodium ions flow into the axon cytoplasm, ____.

Neuroglial Schwann cells produce ____, which _____.

Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks and destroys ____, resulting in ____.

A neuron ____.

If a person is highly alert, anxious, and has loss of fine motor control, which psychoactive drug have they most likely taken?

Which parts of the human eye are adjustable-that is, they can be adjusted to accommodate light and/or images?

Referring to the above diagram of the brain, B identifies which region?

The vestibular apparatus ____.

The blind spot is located in the ____.

It is the morning of a big test. You are very nervous about it. Your heart is racing and your blood pressure is increased. You are feeling the effects of the ____ division of the ____ nervous system.

The effects of nerve gas prevent the removal of acetylcholine from synapses by interfering with its ____.

Referring to the above diagram of the brain, which letter identifies the lobe of the cerebrum that is responsible for integration of visual signals?

A severely injured animal is still able to defend itself due to the action of ____.

A concussion is caused by ____.

Vampire bats use _____ on their nose to locate the blood vessels of their prey

Referring to the above diagram of the brain, which letter identifies the region responsible for relaying sensory input to the forebrain and functions in reward-based learning?

Which represents the charged environment inside a resting neuron and the interstitial fluid that surrounds it?

Invitation to Biology

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure

Energy and Metabolism

Photosynthesis

Releasing Chemical Energy

Dna Structure and Function

Gene Expression and Control

How Cells Reproduce

Patterns of Inheritance

Biotechnology

Evidence of Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Prokaryotes, Protists, and Viruses

Plants and Fungi

Animal Evolution

Population Ecology

Communities and Ecosystems

The Biosphere and Human Effects

Animal Tissues and Organs

How Animals Move

Circulation and Respiration

Immunity

Digestion and Excretion

Endocrine Control

Animal Reproduction and Development

Plant Form and Function

Life Cycles of Flowering Plants

Filters

detect changes in pressure and convert this stimulus energy into .

Neuroglial Schwann cells produce , which _.

Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks and destroys , resulting in .

It is the morning of a big test. You are very nervous about it. Your heart is racing and your blood pressure is increased. You are feeling the effects of the division of the nervous system.