Question 1

Potassium ion channels open ____, resulting in ____.

Accepted Answer

A) as the action potential passes down the axon; a more negatively charged axon cytoplasm 
B) when the threshold potential is reached; the opening of more sodium channels 
C) during the resting potential; the diffusion of sodium ions into the axon cytoplasm 
D) when the action potential reaches the axon terminal; a more positively charged axon cytoplasm 
E) when neurotransmitters attach to dendrite receptors; no difference in the charge of the axon cytoplasm 
A) as the action potential passes down the axon; a more negatively charged axon cytoplasm 
B) when the threshold potential is reached; the opening of more sodium channels 
C) during the resting potential; the diffusion of sodium ions into the axon cytoplasm 
D) when the action potential reaches the axon terminal; a more positively charged axon cytoplasm 
E) when neurotransmitters attach to dendrite receptors; no difference in the charge of the axon cytoplasm A

Question 2

Interneurons ____.

Accepted Answer

A) act as relay stations 
B) detect stimuli 
C) control muscles and glands 
D) are nearly always found in the brain and spinal cord, detect stimuli, and control muscles and glands 
E) are nearly always found in the brain and spinal cord, but they only detect stimuli 
A) act as relay stations 
B) detect stimuli 
C) control muscles and glands 
D) are nearly always found in the brain and spinal cord, detect stimuli, and control muscles and glands 
E) are nearly always found in the brain and spinal cord, but they only detect stimuli A

Question 3

Match between columns
                        Premises: radially symmetrical invertebrates

Accepted Answer

The Answer of brain and ganglion and dorsal nerve cord is...

Question 4

Characteristics of a nerve net include ____.

Accepted Answer

A) a centralized brain 
B) the flow of information between cells in all directions 
C) well-developed neurons 
D) paired ganglia 
E) unidirectional responses 
A) a centralized brain 
B) the flow of information between cells in all directions 
C) well-developed neurons 
D) paired ganglia 
E) unidirectional responses

Question 5

Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks and destroys ____, resulting in ____.

Accepted Answer

A) dendrites; activation of acetylcholine 
B) axon terminals; euphoria 
C) receptors for neurotransmitters; the blocking of neurotransmitter reuptake 
D) myelin sheaths; impaired coordination 
E) cell body membranes; memory loss 
A) dendrites; activation of acetylcholine 
B) axon terminals; euphoria 
C) receptors for neurotransmitters; the blocking of neurotransmitter reuptake 
D) myelin sheaths; impaired coordination 
E) cell body membranes; memory loss

Question 6

Match between columns
                        Premises: nicotine blocks receptors for this neurotransmitter

Accepted Answer

The Answer of adenosine and acetylcholine and anandamide and endorphins is...

Question 7

Match between columns
                        Premises: addictive drugs simulate the release of this neurotransmitter

Accepted Answer

The Answer of anandamide and GABA and endorphins and acetylcholine is...

Question 8

Referring to the above diagram of the brain, D identifies which region?

Accepted Answer

A) hypothalamus 
B) pons 
C) cerebrum 
D) cerebellum 
E) thalamus 
A) hypothalamus 
B) pons 
C) cerebrum 
D) cerebellum 
E) thalamus

Question 9

Referring to the above diagram of the brain, which letter identifies the region responsible for coordinating motor activity?

Accepted Answer

A) ​D 
B) ​E 
C) ​F 
D) ​G 
E) ​H 
A) ​D 
B) ​E 
C) ​F 
D) ​G 
E) ​H

Question 10

Match between columns
                        Premises: a decrease in this neurotransmitter causes attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Accepted Answer

The Answer of GABA and endorphins and dopamine and adenosine is...

Question 11

Once the threshold potential of a nerve impulse is achieved, ____.

Accepted Answer

A) an action potential may occur or it may not 
B) an action potential will occur 
C) sodium channels close 
D) the resting potential immediately follows 
E) potassium channels open 
A) an action potential may occur or it may not 
B) an action potential will occur 
C) sodium channels close 
D) the resting potential immediately follows 
E) potassium channels open

Question 12

The effects of nerve gas prevent the removal of acetylcholine from synapses by interfering with its ____.

Accepted Answer

A) diffusion away from the synaptic cleft 
B) enzymatic degradation 
C) active pumping back into the neuron 
D) binding to its respective receptor 
E) ability to flux ions across the membrane of the receiving neuron 
A) diffusion away from the synaptic cleft 
B) enzymatic degradation 
C) active pumping back into the neuron 
D) binding to its respective receptor 
E) ability to flux ions across the membrane of the receiving neuron

Question 13

Which animal has an anteriorly located brain and a dorsal nerve cord?

Accepted Answer

A) ant 
B) eagle 
C) sponge 
D) fruit fly 
E) earthworm 
A) ant 
B) eagle 
C) sponge 
D) fruit fly 
E) earthworm

Question 14

When sodium ions flow into the axon cytoplasm, ____.

Accepted Answer

A) the membrane potential reverses 
B) the cytoplasm becomes more negatively charged 
C) the interstitial fluid becomes more positively charged 
D) an action potential is reversed 
E) the membrane potential is re-established 
A) the membrane potential reverses 
B) the cytoplasm becomes more negatively charged 
C) the interstitial fluid becomes more positively charged 
D) an action potential is reversed 
E) the membrane potential is re-established

Question 15

Match between columns
                        Premises: neuron that controls muscles and glands

Accepted Answer

The Answer of trigger zone and neurotransmitter and motor neuron is...

Question 16

Match between columns
                        Premises: alcohol binds to and enhances the function of the receptor for this neurotransmitter

Accepted Answer

The Answer of GABA and anandamide and dopamine and adenosine is...

Question 17

Alzheimer's disease involves damage to brain neurons that release ____, while Parkinson's disease is caused by a shortage of the neurotransmitter ____.

Accepted Answer

A) acetylcholine; dopamine 
B) dopamine; acetylcholine 
C) norepinephrine; serotonin 
D) serotonin; norepinephrine 
A) acetylcholine; dopamine 
B) dopamine; acetylcholine 
C) norepinephrine; serotonin 
D) serotonin; norepinephrine

Question 18

Where in the brain is the corpus callosum?

Accepted Answer

A) between the cerebellum and the medulla oblongata 
B) below the cerebellum 
C) between the two hemispheres of the cerebrum 
D) between the pons and the midbrain 
E) between the thalamus and the hypothalamus 
A) between the cerebellum and the medulla oblongata 
B) below the cerebellum 
C) between the two hemispheres of the cerebrum 
D) between the pons and the midbrain 
E) between the thalamus and the hypothalamus

Question 19

The ____ connects the peripheral nerves to the brain.

Accepted Answer

A) pons 
B) gray matter 
C) white matter 
D) spinal cord 
E) medulla oblongata 
A) pons 
B) gray matter 
C) white matter 
D) spinal cord 
E) medulla oblongata

Question 20

Ultrasound can be detected by bats because they have ____ in their ears.

Accepted Answer

A) mechanoreceptors 
B) chemoreceptors 
C) thermoreceptors 
D) photoreceptors 
E) proprioreceptors 
A) mechanoreceptors 
B) chemoreceptors 
C) thermoreceptors 
D) photoreceptors 
E) proprioreceptors

Exam 24: Neural Control and the Senses

Potassium ion channels open ____, resulting in ____.

Interneurons ____.

Characteristics of a nerve net include ____.

Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks and destroys ____, resulting in ____.

Referring to the above diagram of the brain, D identifies which region?

Referring to the above diagram of the brain, which letter identifies the region responsible for coordinating motor activity?

Once the threshold potential of a nerve impulse is achieved, ____.

The effects of nerve gas prevent the removal of acetylcholine from synapses by interfering with its ____.

Which animal has an anteriorly located brain and a dorsal nerve cord?

When sodium ions flow into the axon cytoplasm, ____.

Alzheimer's disease involves damage to brain neurons that release ____, while Parkinson's disease is caused by a shortage of the neurotransmitter ____.

Where in the brain is the corpus callosum?

The ____ connects the peripheral nerves to the brain.

Ultrasound can be detected by bats because they have ____ in their ears.

Invitation to Biology

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure

Energy and Metabolism

Capturing and Releasing Energy

Dna Structure and Function

Gene Expression and Control

How Cells Reproduce

Patterns of Inheritance

Biotechnology

Evidence of Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Early Life Forms and the Viruses

Plants and Fungi

Animal Evolution

Population Ecology

Communities and Ecosystems

The Biosphere and Human Effects

Animal Tissues and Organs

How Animals Move

Circulation and Respiration

Immunity

Digestion and Excretion

Endocrine Control

Reproduction and Development

Plant Form and Function

Plant Reproduction and Development

Filters

Potassium ion channels open , resulting in .

Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks and destroys , resulting in .

Alzheimer's disease involves damage to brain neurons that release , while Parkinson's disease is caused by a shortage of the neurotransmitter .