Question 1

Energy flows in which pattern?

Accepted Answer

A) Sun → environment → consumers → producers 
B) Sun → environment → producers → consumers 
C) Sun → consumers → producers → environment 
D) Sun → producers → consumers → environment 
E) Sun→ producers → environment → consumers 
A) Sun → environment → consumers → producers 
B) Sun → environment → producers → consumers 
C) Sun → consumers → producers → environment 
D) Sun → producers → consumers → environment 
E) Sun→ producers → environment → consumers D

Question 2

The initial event that triggers phagocytosis is when the ____.

Accepted Answer

A) solute concentration is higher inside the cell than outside 
B) solute concentrations is lower inside the cell than outside 
C) target protein binds to the receptor 
D) enzymes bind to the membrane 
E) vesicles bud off from the membrane 
A) solute concentration is higher inside the cell than outside 
B) solute concentrations is lower inside the cell than outside 
C) target protein binds to the receptor 
D) enzymes bind to the membrane 
E) vesicles bud off from the membrane C

Question 3

Match between columns
                        Premises: This process explains the movement of molecules against their concentration gradient.

Accepted Answer

The Answer of osmosis and exocytosis and simple diffusion and is...

Question 4

Why do heavy consumers of alcohol gain weight?

Accepted Answer

A) Alcohol contains an excessive amount of calories. 
B) Ethanol is converted directly to fat molecules. 
C) Oxygen is diverted from breaking down fatty acids to break down ethanol. 
D) Ethanol inhibits the action of peroxisomes which work to break down fatty acids. 
E) The hydroxyl group on ethanol is transferred to fatty acids causing them to be stored as fat. 
A) Alcohol contains an excessive amount of calories. 
B) Ethanol is converted directly to fat molecules. 
C) Oxygen is diverted from breaking down fatty acids to break down ethanol. 
D) Ethanol inhibits the action of peroxisomes which work to break down fatty acids. 
E) The hydroxyl group on ethanol is transferred to fatty acids causing them to be stored as fat.

Question 5

Movement of substances that requires the expenditure of ATP molecules is called ____.

Accepted Answer

A) facilitated diffusion 
B) simple diffusion 
C) osmosis 
D) active transport 
E) bulk flow 
A) facilitated diffusion 
B) simple diffusion 
C) osmosis 
D) active transport 
E) bulk flow

Question 6

Why does wood keep burning once it is lit?

Accepted Answer

A) Intermediates from the reaction drive the reaction forward. 
B) Energy is given off during the reaction that drives the reaction forward. 
C) The products have more energy than the reactants, therefore driving the reaction forward. 
D) The reactants have more energy than the products, therefore driving the reaction forward. 
E) The activation of the energy drives the reaction forward. 
A) Intermediates from the reaction drive the reaction forward. 
B) Energy is given off during the reaction that drives the reaction forward. 
C) The products have more energy than the reactants, therefore driving the reaction forward. 
D) The reactants have more energy than the products, therefore driving the reaction forward. 
E) The activation of the energy drives the reaction forward.

Question 7

What happens to a molecule when it is phosphorylated?

Accepted Answer

A) It loses energy. 
B) It receives a phosphate group. 
C) It becomes denatured. 
D) It loses electrons and protons. 
E) It gains electrons. 
A) It loses energy. 
B) It receives a phosphate group. 
C) It becomes denatured. 
D) It loses electrons and protons. 
E) It gains electrons.

Question 8

The process by which a cell takes in a small amount of extracellular fluid and its contents by the ballooning inward of the plasma membrane is the definition of ____.

Accepted Answer

A) endocytosis 
B) exocytosis 
C) phagocytosis 
D) passive transport 
E) osmosis 
A) endocytosis 
B) exocytosis 
C) phagocytosis 
D) passive transport 
E) osmosis

Question 9

Match between columns
                        Premises: part of the enzyme that is specific for the reaction it will catalyze

Accepted Answer

The Answer of feedback inhibition and enzyme and cofactor and is...

Question 10

Match between columns
                        Premises: phosphate-group transfer

Accepted Answer

The Answer of reactant and product and activation energy and is...

Question 11

The energy in chemical bonds is what type of energy?

Accepted Answer

A) kinetic 
B) potential 
C) atomic 
D) nuclear 
E) thermal 
A) kinetic 
B) potential 
C) atomic 
D) nuclear 
E) thermal

Question 12

In the figure above, the amount of energy symbolized by the line "A" would be the ____.

Accepted Answer

A) reactant energy 
B) product energy 
C) cofactor energy 
D) activation energy 
E) intermediate energy 
A) reactant energy 
B) product energy 
C) cofactor energy 
D) activation energy 
E) intermediate energy

Question 13

In a chemical reaction, if the reactants have more energy than the products, ____.

Accepted Answer

A) there will be a net release of energy 
B) there will be a net loss of energy 
C) the activation energy will be very high 
D) the activation energy will be very low 
E) more bonds were made than were broken 
A) there will be a net release of energy 
B) there will be a net loss of energy 
C) the activation energy will be very high 
D) the activation energy will be very low 
E) more bonds were made than were broken

Question 14

A concentration gradient ceases to exist when ____.

Accepted Answer

A) all molecules have moved from low concentration to high concentration 
B) the membrane pores close 
C) the temperature drops 
D) there is equilibrium between the two sides of a membrane 
E) bulk flow intervenes 
A) all molecules have moved from low concentration to high concentration 
B) the membrane pores close 
C) the temperature drops 
D) there is equilibrium between the two sides of a membrane 
E) bulk flow intervenes

Question 15

Match between columns
                        Premises: the currency in a cell's economy

Accepted Answer

The Answer of cofactor and denaturation and electron transfer chain is...

Question 16

A metabolic reaction will most likely reverse itself when the ____.

Accepted Answer

A) pH is too high 
B) temperature is too low 
C) reactant concentration is too high 
D) product concentration is too high 
E) enzyme concentration is too high 
A) pH is too high 
B) temperature is too low 
C) reactant concentration is too high 
D) product concentration is too high 
E) enzyme concentration is too high

Question 17

Regulatory factors that bind to enzymes ____.

Accepted Answer

A) always increase enzyme activity 
B) always decrease enzyme activity 
C) alter the shape of the enzyme 
D) alter the pH at which the enzyme works 
E) alter the temperature at which the enzyme works 
A) always increase enzyme activity 
B) always decrease enzyme activity 
C) alter the shape of the enzyme 
D) alter the pH at which the enzyme works 
E) alter the temperature at which the enzyme works

Question 18

Most enzymes are composed of ____.

Accepted Answer

A) RNA only 
B) protein only 
C) substrate only 
D) RNA and protein 
E) protein and substrate 
A) RNA only 
B) protein only 
C) substrate only 
D) RNA and protein 
E) protein and substrate

Question 19

Consider the ADH reaction below, and answer the following question. ADH stands for alcohol dehydrogenase.
 
In this reaction, acetaldehyde represents the ____.

Accepted Answer

A) enzyme 
B) reactant 
C) product 
D) activation energy 
E) trigger 
A) enzyme 
B) reactant 
C) product 
D) activation energy 
E) trigger

Question 20

Enzymes speed up a chemical reaction by ____.

Accepted Answer

A) lowering the activation energy 
B) lowering the optimal pH 
C) increasing the reaction temperature 
D) increasing the energy in the system 
E) increasing the activation energy 
A) lowering the activation energy 
B) lowering the optimal pH 
C) increasing the reaction temperature 
D) increasing the energy in the system 
E) increasing the activation energy

Exam 4: Energy and Metabolism

Energy flows in which pattern?

The initial event that triggers phagocytosis is when the ____.

Why do heavy consumers of alcohol gain weight?

Movement of substances that requires the expenditure of ATP molecules is called ____.

Why does wood keep burning once it is lit?

What happens to a molecule when it is phosphorylated?

The process by which a cell takes in a small amount of extracellular fluid and its contents by the ballooning inward of the plasma membrane is the definition of ____.

The energy in chemical bonds is what type of energy?

In the figure above, the amount of energy symbolized by the line "A" would be the ____.

In a chemical reaction, if the reactants have more energy than the products, ____.

A concentration gradient ceases to exist when ____.

A metabolic reaction will most likely reverse itself when the ____.

Regulatory factors that bind to enzymes ____.

Most enzymes are composed of ____.

Consider the ADH reaction below, and answer the following question. ADH stands for alcohol dehydrogenase. In this reaction, acetaldehyde represents the ____.

Enzymes speed up a chemical reaction by ____.

Invitation to Biology

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure

Capturing and Releasing Energy

Dna Structure and Function

Gene Expression and Control

How Cells Reproduce

Patterns of Inheritance

Biotechnology

Evidence of Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Early Life Forms and the Viruses

Plants and Fungi

Animal Evolution

Population Ecology

Communities and Ecosystems

The Biosphere and Human Effects

Animal Tissues and Organs

How Animals Move

Circulation and Respiration

Immunity

Digestion and Excretion

Neural Control and the Senses

Endocrine Control

Reproduction and Development

Plant Form and Function

Plant Reproduction and Development

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