Question 1

A good radioisotope tracer for medical use should not have the following characteristic.

Accepted Answer

A) have a long half-life 
B) produce penetrating gamma radiation 
C) decay to a nontoxic form 
D) undergo the same reactions as the nonradioactive element 
A) have a long half-life 
B) produce penetrating gamma radiation 
C) decay to a nontoxic form 
D) undergo the same reactions as the nonradioactive element

Question 2

Which of the following would be associated with medical testing?

Accepted Answer

A) breeder reactor 
B) carbon dating 
C) geochronology 
D) radioimmunoassay 
A) breeder reactor 
B) carbon dating 
C) geochronology 
D) radioimmunoassay

Question 3

The intensity of a radiation source was measured by a Geiger-Müller counter to be 236 counts per minute when the counter was place 124 ft from the source.   What will be the intensity when the counter is 248 ft from the source?

Accepted Answer

A) 59.0 counts per minute 
B) 236 counts per minute 
C) 118 counts per minute 
D) 472 counts per minute 
A) 59.0 counts per minute 
B) 236 counts per minute 
C) 118 counts per minute 
D) 472 counts per minute

Question 4

Nuclear power plants have control rods that absorb neutrons to control the reaction. What is the composition of the control rods?

Accepted Answer

A) steel 
B) concrete 
C) U-238 
D) carbon 
A) steel 
B) concrete 
C) U-238 
D) carbon

Question 5

Manganese can undergo several types of radioactive emission.  In which type of decay does the following reaction occur?

Accepted Answer

A) alpha 
B) beta 
C) positron 
D) gamma 
A) alpha 
B) beta 
C) positron 
D) gamma

Question 6

The gray is one of several units used in association with the biological impact of radiation exposure.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

If you are a medical professional and have a chance to be exposed to many sources of radiation, which of the following units to measure biological radiation will most likely be used to express your level of total exposure?

Accepted Answer

A) roentgen 
B) rad 
C) gray 
D) rem 
A) roentgen 
B) rad 
C) gray 
D) rem

Question 8

Consider the figure below.  Which form of emitted radiation would follow the path shown by the arrow labeled 1?

Accepted Answer

A) α 
B) β− 
C) γ 
D) β+ 
A) α 
B) β− 
C) γ 
D) β+

Question 9

Most of the synthetic (man-made)elements are stable and have been produced in large amounts.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The following equation describes the amount of energy released in nuclear reactions. 
 E = mc2

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Which of the following would be the correct symbol for an americium-243 nucleus using the   symbolism?

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)

Question 12

An isotope of zinc containing 36 neutrons is bombarded with and captures a proton.  What isotope is produced as a product of the reaction?

Accepted Answer

A) zinc-67 
B) gallium-66 
C) kryton-83 
D) copper-65 
A) zinc-67 
B) gallium-66 
C) kryton-83 
D) copper-65

Question 13

Free radicals are dangerous because

Accepted Answer

A) they are found incorporated in any radioisotope, including those that can enter the body through the lungs as does radon 
B) they can be taken into the body in the food eaten if that food has been grown in radioactive soil 
C) they are substances that are missing some electrons and are extremely active chemically 
D) All of these responses are correct. 
A) they are found incorporated in any radioisotope, including those that can enter the body through the lungs as does radon 
B) they can be taken into the body in the food eaten if that food has been grown in radioactive soil 
C) they are substances that are missing some electrons and are extremely active chemically 
D) All of these responses are correct.

Question 14

Why is radiation so harmful to living things?

Accepted Answer

A) creates free radicals which are highly reactive 
B) reactions occur causing genetic mutations 
C) turns the skin green 
D) More than one response is correct. 
A) creates free radicals which are highly reactive 
B) reactions occur causing genetic mutations 
C) turns the skin green 
D) More than one response is correct.

Question 15

A wooden box found in an Egyptian tomb could have its age determined using carbon-14.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

A major problem with attempting to measure the effect of an exposure to emissions is that each different emission has a different effect on tissue due to the differences in penetration.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Which of the following would have the least penetrating power into matter?

Accepted Answer

A) alpha particles 
B) beta particles 
C) gamma rays 
D) neutrons 
A) alpha particles 
B) beta particles 
C) gamma rays 
D) neutrons

Question 18

A patient that works at a nuclear power plant comes to you complaining of nausea and fatigue. You find out that he might have been exposed to a radiation source; what would you recommend be done?

Accepted Answer

A) Nothing, If he is still alive, there is no real problem. 
B) Send the patient home to rest because nausea and fatigue are not signs of a serious exposure. 
C) Have additional tests ran to find out the level of exposure. 
D) Tell the patient to take two aspirins and call you in the morning, he probably has the flu. 
A) Nothing, If he is still alive, there is no real problem. 
B) Send the patient home to rest because nausea and fatigue are not signs of a serious exposure. 
C) Have additional tests ran to find out the level of exposure. 
D) Tell the patient to take two aspirins and call you in the morning, he probably has the flu.

Question 19

What is the emission that is used to obtain an MRI?

Accepted Answer

A) alpha 
B) beta 
C) X-ray 
D) none of them 
A) alpha 
B) beta 
C) X-ray 
D) none of them

Question 20

A nuclear reaction in which beta particles are emitted yields an atom that weighs 2 μ less than the starting element.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 10: Radioactivity and Nuclear Processes

A good radioisotope tracer for medical use should not have the following characteristic.

Which of the following would be associated with medical testing?

The intensity of a radiation source was measured by a Geiger-Müller counter to be 236 counts per minute when the counter was place 124 ft from the source. What will be the intensity when the counter is 248 ft from the source?

Nuclear power plants have control rods that absorb neutrons to control the reaction. What is the composition of the control rods?

Manganese can undergo several types of radioactive emission. In which type of decay does the following reaction occur?

The gray is one of several units used in association with the biological impact of radiation exposure.

If you are a medical professional and have a chance to be exposed to many sources of radiation, which of the following units to measure biological radiation will most likely be used to express your level of total exposure?

Consider the figure below. Which form of emitted radiation would follow the path shown by the arrow labeled 1?

Most of the synthetic (man-made)elements are stable and have been produced in large amounts.

The following equation describes the amount of energy released in nuclear reactions. E = mc2

Which of the following would be the correct symbol for an americium-243 nucleus using the symbolism?

An isotope of zinc containing 36 neutrons is bombarded with and captures a proton. What isotope is produced as a product of the reaction?

Free radicals are dangerous because

Why is radiation so harmful to living things?

A wooden box found in an Egyptian tomb could have its age determined using carbon-14.

A major problem with attempting to measure the effect of an exposure to emissions is that each different emission has a different effect on tissue due to the differences in penetration.

Which of the following would have the least penetrating power into matter?

A patient that works at a nuclear power plant comes to you complaining of nausea and fatigue. You find out that he might have been exposed to a radiation source; what would you recommend be done?

What is the emission that is used to obtain an MRI?

A nuclear reaction in which beta particles are emitted yields an atom that weighs 2 μ less than the starting element.

Matter, Measurements, and Calculations

Atoms and Molecules

Electronic Structure and the Periodic Law

Forces Between Particles

Chemical Reactions

The States of Matter

Solutions and Colloids

Reaction Rates and Equilibrium

Acids, Bases, and Salts

Organic Compounds: Alkanes

Unsaturated Hydrocarbons

Alcohols, Phenols, and Ethers

Aldehydes and Ketones

Carboxylic Acids and Esters

Amines and Amides

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Proteins

Enzymes

Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

Nutrition and Energy for Life

Carbohydrate Metabolism

Lipid and Amino Acid Metabolism

Body Fluids

Filters

The following equation describes the amount of energy released in nuclear reactions. E = mc²