Question 1

Define the term coenzyme. Name and describe the role of the B vitamins that function as part of the structure of coenzymes.

Accepted Answer

A coenzyme is a small molecule that work

Question 2

Beta-carotene prevents _____ from damaging cells.

Accepted Answer

A) free radicals 
B) antioxidants 
C) blood clots 
D) vitamin E 
E) teratogenes 
A) free radicals 
B) antioxidants 
C) blood clots 
D) vitamin E 
E) teratogenes

Question 3

Research concerning the effectiveness of manufactured functional foods:

Accepted Answer

A) is inconclusive at this time. 
B) shows definite benefits to consuming such foods. 
C) suggests that they may be substituted for prescription drugs. 
D) is supported by the FDA. 
E) is definitive, requiring no further study. 
A) is inconclusive at this time. 
B) shows definite benefits to consuming such foods. 
C) suggests that they may be substituted for prescription drugs. 
D) is supported by the FDA. 
E) is definitive, requiring no further study.

Question 4

Regarding vitamin E supplementation, scientists have concluded that:

Accepted Answer

A) there is not enough evidence to recommend taking supplements to prevent heart disease. 
B) sufficient evidence exists to recommend that everyone over 40 should take a supplement. 
C) large doses are more beneficial than low doses. 
D) all people who have had a heart attack should take a supplement. 
E) Vitamin E, in conjunction with fish oils, will prevent most cancers. 
A) there is not enough evidence to recommend taking supplements to prevent heart disease. 
B) sufficient evidence exists to recommend that everyone over 40 should take a supplement. 
C) large doses are more beneficial than low doses. 
D) all people who have had a heart attack should take a supplement. 
E) Vitamin E, in conjunction with fish oils, will prevent most cancers.

Question 5

In vegans, a deficiency of vitamin B12 may be masked by a high intake of folate.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Osteomalacia is mainly due to a deficiency of:

Accepted Answer

A) vitamin A. 
B) vitamin D. 
C) parathormone. 
D) calcitonin. 
E) erythrocytes. 
A) vitamin A. 
B) vitamin D. 
C) parathormone. 
D) calcitonin. 
E) erythrocytes.

Question 7

Generally, fat-soluble vitamins will be found in foods such as:

Accepted Answer

A) oranges and strawberries. 
B) whole milk and eggs. 
C) potatoes and carrots. 
D) lettuce and spinach. 
E) root vegetables and rice. 
A) oranges and strawberries. 
B) whole milk and eggs. 
C) potatoes and carrots. 
D) lettuce and spinach. 
E) root vegetables and rice.

Question 8

The main function of vitamin D in bone growth is to:

Accepted Answer

A) synthesize 7-dehydrocholesterol. 
B) assist in the absorption of calcium and phosphorus. 
C) mobilize calcium from the bone. 
D) secrete calcitonin. 
E) assist in the absorption of vitamin A. 
A) synthesize 7-dehydrocholesterol. 
B) assist in the absorption of calcium and phosphorus. 
C) mobilize calcium from the bone. 
D) secrete calcitonin. 
E) assist in the absorption of vitamin A.

Question 9

Vitamin A toxicity is likely to occur from:

Accepted Answer

A) consuming too many dark green vegetables. 
B) overconsumption of whole grains. 
C) consuming large amounts of fortified foods or vitamin A supplements. 
D) drinking too much orange juice. 
E) consuming too many carrots. 
A) consuming too many dark green vegetables. 
B) overconsumption of whole grains. 
C) consuming large amounts of fortified foods or vitamin A supplements. 
D) drinking too much orange juice. 
E) consuming too many carrots.

Question 10

Match between columns
                        Premises: hemorrhagic disease

Accepted Answer

The Answer of malformations of the brain, spinal cord, or is...

Question 11

Vitamin A plays a role in cell differentiation, which means that it:

Accepted Answer

A) helps cells differentiate between the vitamins. 
B) allows cells to specialize and mature so they can perform their intended functions. 
C) promotes the storage of fat-soluble vitamins. 
D) aids in excretion of water-soluble vitamins. 
E) allows cells to undergo apoptosis so they can perform their intended functions. 
A) helps cells differentiate between the vitamins. 
B) allows cells to specialize and mature so they can perform their intended functions. 
C) promotes the storage of fat-soluble vitamins. 
D) aids in excretion of water-soluble vitamins. 
E) allows cells to undergo apoptosis so they can perform their intended functions.

Question 12

Match between columns
                        Premises: erythrocyte hemolysis

Accepted Answer

The Answer of the amount of niacin present in food, is...

Question 13

Vitamin D can be made in the body with the help of:

Accepted Answer

A) bacteria. 
B) tryptophan. 
C) vitamin A. 
D) sunlight. 
E) selenium. 
A) bacteria. 
B) tryptophan. 
C) vitamin A. 
D) sunlight. 
E) selenium.

Question 14

The active form of vitamin A that functions in vision is:

Accepted Answer

A) opsin. 
B) retinol. 
C) retinal. 
D) retinoic acid. 
E) tryptophan. 
A) opsin. 
B) retinol. 
C) retinal. 
D) retinoic acid. 
E) tryptophan.

Question 15

Excessive intakes of vitamin D by adults may result in:

Accepted Answer

A) greater bone density. 
B) mineral deposits in soft tissues such as the kidney. 
C) deformity of the leg bones, ribs, and skull. 
D) increased bone calcification. 
E) decreased bone calcification. 
A) greater bone density. 
B) mineral deposits in soft tissues such as the kidney. 
C) deformity of the leg bones, ribs, and skull. 
D) increased bone calcification. 
E) decreased bone calcification.

Question 16

If your eyes have difficulty adjusting to dim light, which of the following foods might improve your vision?

Accepted Answer

A) roasted  carrots 
B) a peanut butter sandwich 
C) brewer's yeast 
D) pork chops 
E) lemon wedges 
A) roasted  carrots 
B) a peanut butter sandwich 
C) brewer's yeast 
D) pork chops 
E) lemon wedges

Question 17

One factor that might limit sun exposure and, therefore, vitamin D synthesis is:

Accepted Answer

A) water intake. 
B) veganism. 
C) alcohol consumption. 
D) sunscreen use. 
E) tanning bed use. 
A) water intake. 
B) veganism. 
C) alcohol consumption. 
D) sunscreen use. 
E) tanning bed use.

Question 18

Absorption of _____ requires the presence of intrinsic factor.

Accepted Answer

A) vitamin B6 
B) vitamin D 
C) vitamin B12 
D) vitamin A 
E) vitamin K 
A) vitamin B6 
B) vitamin D 
C) vitamin B12 
D) vitamin A 
E) vitamin K

Question 19

The body makes one unit of retinol from approximately 12 units of beta-carotene.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

What is vitamin A's role in vision?  What happens to your eyes when you don't get enough vitamin A?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin A plays two indispensable roles

Exam 8: The Vitamins

Define the term coenzyme. Name and describe the role of the B vitamins that function as part of the structure of coenzymes.

Beta-carotene prevents _____ from damaging cells.

Research concerning the effectiveness of manufactured functional foods:

Regarding vitamin E supplementation, scientists have concluded that:

In vegans, a deficiency of vitamin B12 may be masked by a high intake of folate.

Osteomalacia is mainly due to a deficiency of:

Generally, fat-soluble vitamins will be found in foods such as:

The main function of vitamin D in bone growth is to:

Vitamin A toxicity is likely to occur from:

Vitamin A plays a role in cell differentiation, which means that it:

Vitamin D can be made in the body with the help of:

The active form of vitamin A that functions in vision is:

Excessive intakes of vitamin D by adults may result in:

If your eyes have difficulty adjusting to dim light, which of the following foods might improve your vision?

One factor that might limit sun exposure and, therefore, vitamin D synthesis is:

Absorption of _____ requires the presence of intrinsic factor.

The body makes one unit of retinol from approximately 12 units of beta-carotene.

What is vitamin A's role in vision? What happens to your eyes when you don't get enough vitamin A?

Overview of Nutrition and Health

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Protein

Digestion and Absorption

Metabolism, Energy Balance, and Body Composition

Weight Management

Water and the Minerals

Fitness and Nutrition

Nutrition Through the Life Span: Pregnancy and Lactation

Nutrition Through the Life Span: Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence

Nutrition Through the Life Span: Later Adulthood

Illness and Nutrition Care

Medications, Diet-Drug Interactions, and Herbal Supplements

Specialized Nutrition Support: Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition

Foods and Food Consistency for Upper Gi Disorders

Fiber-Modified Diets for Lower Gastrointestinal Tract Disorders

Carbohydrate- and Fat-Modified Diets for Malabsorption Disorders

Nutrition Therapy for Liver and Gallbladder Diseases

Carbohydrate-Controlled Diets for Diabetes Mellitus

Fat-Controlled, Mineral-Modified Diets for Cardiovascular Diseases

Protein-, Mineral-, and Fluid-Modified Diets for Kidney Diseases

Energy- and Protein-Modified Diets for Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Energy- and Protein-Modified Diets for Cancer and Hiv Infection

Filters

In vegans, a deficiency of vitamin B₁₂ may be masked by a high intake of folate.