Exam 22: Fat-Controlled, Mineral-Modified Diets for Cardiovascular Diseases

Which dietary factor raises triglyceride levels? ​

A patient with heart failure complains of a poor appetite and weakness, and the nurse notices that he has begun losing weight. The nurse recognizes this as:

Health authorities recommend that individuals with hypertension increase their intake of:

People with only one arm or hand may benefit from using a _____ when eating.

Of the dietary lipids, cholesterol has the strongest effect on blood cholesterol levels. ​

HR Manager with Stroke:  Steve Daniels is a 53-year-old male who works as a human resource manager. He is obese (BMI of 34), has a history of hypertension, and has smoked a pack of cigarettes a day for the past 32 years. He recently had an episode in which he experienced weakness on one side, double vision, and slurred speech for approximately 20 minutes. His wife called 911 and he was taken to the emergency room. Examination by emergency room personnel determined his blood pressure to be 172/105. A serum lipid profile was performed and the results were as follows: Triglycerides 250 mg/dL; Total cholesterol 265 mg/dL; LDL 217 mg/dL; HDL 29 mg/dL. The physician diagnosed Mr. Daniels as having had a stroke. -​ What are Mr. Daniels's risk factors for stroke?

The number of deaths from cardiovascular disease (CVD)is greater among men than women. ​

Describe the role of fish and fish oil supplements in preventing coronary heart disease. ​

A fiber source that may be taken in supplement form to reduce LDL cholesterol levels is:

Cottage cheese, American cheese, and parmesan cheese should be avoided by a person who needs to restrict their sodium intake. ​

Research has shown that a daily intake of _____ grams of EPA and DHA fish oil supplements can lower triglyceride levels. ​

Mr. Daniels' stroke was short-lived. What is the term used for this type of stroke?

A patient who takes _____ must avoid grapefruit and grapefruit juice.

Mrs. Smith is a 59-year-old African-American female who is 5' 2" tall and weighs 180 pounds (BMI 33). She is a smoker who engages in no physical activity, and her diet history shows a high intake of saturated fat and sodium, as well as excess kcalories. Her lipid profile shows elevated LDL and decreased levels of HDL. In order to improve Mrs. Smith's blood lipid profile, the nurse makes all of these recommendations  EXCEPT:

The general recommendation for high-risk individuals is a cholesterol intake of less than _____ milligrams per day.

Describe how atherosclerosis develops.