Exam 1: Introduction

Why is it appropriate to assess the number of ears college sophomores have by counting one sophomore's ears, but it is not appropriate to assess how intelligent professors are by giving one professor an IQ test?

A researcher obtained attractiveness ratings on a scale from 1 to 100. She then classified people into "attractive" and "unattractive" groups on the basis of these scores. In this example, the researcher used _______ data to create _______ data.

In deciding on which statistical procedure to employ for a set of data, which of the following questions is least important?

The number of males and females in this class is an example of categorical data rather than measurement data.

In order for a researcher to be able to estimate accurately the parameters of a population from his or her sample, the sample must be

You would need the largest sample if you wanted to obtain a fairly accurate estimate of

Which of the following best illustrates the conclusions that statisticians draw from experiments?

Briefly describe the importance of random samples in statistics.

The type of data, categorical or measurement is not an important consideration when selecting a statistical procedure.

The grade point average of a random sample of students surveyed in a dining hall is a statistic.

Another name for measurement data is _______ data.

Indicate whether the following are examples of testing relationships or differences. a. Increased smoking during pregnancy is associated with lower birth weight of infants. b. Males tend to engage in more physical aggression than females. c. Students in the study skills course had higher grades than students who were not in the study skills course.

Which of the following would come closest to recruiting a random sample of college students?

Comparing the grade point average of students who took a study skills course to the grade point average of students who did not is an example of testing a relationship.

Which of the following is NOT a potential contextual cue in the study of mice injected with morphine?

Comparing the grade point average of students who took a study skills course to the grade point average of students who did not is an example of inferential statistics rather than descriptive statistics.

To understand an example, you need to understand the logic behind the experiment that serves as the example. Morphine tolerance in the example in Chapter 1 would be shown when

If you want to study the effect of hormonal changes as boys reach adolescence, your sample would most likely include

Because it is impossible to make an unlimited number of observations, researchers often collect data from _______ instead of from _______.

If you were interested in finding out how learning increases with increases in studying, what statistical question would you be asking?