Exam 10: Pricing Excavation and Backfill

The equipment used in cut-and-fill operations depends mostly on the ____ of the project.

Generally a large project causes crews and equipment to have low rates of productivity.

____ are used when loads that are oversize are transported.

Changes in productivity should be dealt with in the same component of the unit price as wage rate changes for the most accuracy.

The cost of transporting minor items of equipment such as plate compactors, small rollers, bobcats, and small tractors to and from the site is priced on the General Expense Sheet under the item "____."

Pit and sump excavation is mostly performed using ____.

A large-size excavation company is generally equipped to effectively perform all types of excavation work.

The cost of transporting equipment includes the cost of loading, unloading, and trucking requirements.

Excavation contractors tend to concentrate on a single specific type of construction.

Material prices for backfill have three main components.

Perhaps the most important job factors that must be established before an estimate of any trade can be prepared are the ____ and equipment prices prevailing at the location of the project under consideration.

The ____ is an allowance for the extra material required to fill volumes with compacted material rather than loose material.

When soil or gravel is excavated, the resulting material is less dense than it was in the ground before it was disturbed. This same material now occupies more volume, a concept called the ____.

Which of the following types of excavation methods uses scrapers, dozers, rollers, water trucks, and graders?

Whenever it is possible, the contractor will use the material excavated at the site for backfill requirements.

Transportation of major items of equipment-backhoes, bulldozers, loaders, power shovels, and the like-is better priced on an item- by- item basis.

In order to determine the labor price per unit of excavation work, four elements have to be considered: 1)the number of workers that comprise the work and crew; 2)the wage rates of the trades involved; 3)the probable productivity rate of the crew or the equipment they are operating; and 4)the productivity time factor.

All of the following are considered job factors that impact the productivity of excavation and backfilling operations EXCEPT ________.

Tracking productivity rates separately from prices also has the advantage of "____"-the same productivity rates can be used in different localities, only the wage rates have to be adjusted to reflect pay rates that differ from place to place.

Backfill material that is compacted will be more dense than before it is compacted so, to fill a certain volume with compacted material, a larger volume of loose material will be required.