Question 1

The goal of estimation procedures is to infer ___________ from ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  intervals, estimates 
B)  bias, efficiency 
C)  statistics, parameters 
D)  parameters, statistics 
A)  intervals, estimates 
B)  bias, efficiency 
C)  statistics, parameters 
D)  parameters, statistics D

Question 2

As our confidence in an interval estimate increases, the width of the interval________.

Accepted Answer

A)  decreases. 
B)  increases. 
C)  remains the same. 
D)  increases or decreases depending on the alpha level. 
A)  decreases. 
B)  increases. 
C)  remains the same. 
D)  increases or decreases depending on the alpha level. B

Question 3

Four hundred and thirty-two of the 668 respondents questioned said that they favored capital punishment for people convicted of murder. Ten years ago, in response to the same question, 378 out of 703 people were in favor of capital punishment. Has support for capital punishment risen over the ten year period?

Accepted Answer

To determine whether support for capital punishment has risen over the ten-year period, we need to compare the percentages of respondents in favor of capital punishment from the two different time points.

For the most recent data:
- 432 out of 668 respondents favored capital punishment.
- To find the percentage, we calculate (432/668) * 100 ≈ 64.67%.

Ten years ago:
- 378 out of 703 respondents were in favor of capital punishment.
- To find the percentage, we calculate (378/703) * 100 ≈ 53.77%.

Comparing the two percentages, we see that approximately 64.67% of respondents favor capital punishment in the recent survey, compared to approximately 53.77% ten years ago. This indicates that support for capital punishment has indeed risen over the ten-year period by about 10.9 percentage points.

Question 4

To calculate the confidence interval based on sample means, you need all but which of the following________.

Accepted Answer

A)  sample mean. 
B)  Z score determined by alpha level. 
C)  standard error of the mean. 
D)  standard deviation of the population. 
A)  sample mean. 
B)  Z score determined by alpha level. 
C)  standard error of the mean. 
D)  standard deviation of the population.

Question 5

In the United States, based on the responses of a random sample to a survey, between 70% and 80% of the people who do the family grocery shopping are women. This is________.

Accepted Answer

A)  not a finding which can be generalized. 
B)  a biased estimate. 
C)  a confidence interval estimate. 
D)  sexism at its most offensive. 
A)  not a finding which can be generalized. 
B)  a biased estimate. 
C)  a confidence interval estimate. 
D)  sexism at its most offensive.

Question 6

The efficiency of any estimator can be improved by________.

Accepted Answer

A)  increasing the sample size. 
B)  decreasing the sample size. 
C)  making the sample representative. 
D)  changing the sample. 
A)  increasing the sample size. 
B)  decreasing the sample size. 
C)  making the sample representative. 
D)  changing the sample.

Question 7

The more efficient the estimate, the more the sampling distribution________.

Accepted Answer

A)  is evenly spread from the mean to ± 2 standard deviations. 
B)  becomes flatter. 
C)  clusters to the right of the mean. 
D)  is clustered around the mean. 
A)  is evenly spread from the mean to ± 2 standard deviations. 
B)  becomes flatter. 
C)  clusters to the right of the mean. 
D)  is clustered around the mean.

Question 8

In the formulas for constructing interval estimates based on sample proportions, the expression P u(l - P u) has a maximum value of________.

Accepted Answer

A)  0.50 
B)  0.25 
C)  1.00 
D)  0.75 
A)  0.50 
B)  0.25 
C)  1.00 
D)  0.75

Question 9

Based on an EPSEM sample of 300 state university students, we estimate that the average number of hours of study time each week is 30 ± 2. In this example, the parameter is________.

Accepted Answer

A)  300. 
B)  30. 
C)  ± 2. 
D)  unknown. 
A)  300. 
B)  30. 
C)  ± 2. 
D)  unknown.

Question 10

Two sample statistics are unbiased estimators. They are________.

Accepted Answer

A)  means and proportions. 
B)  means and standard deviations. 
C)  medians and modes. 
D)  proportions and percentages. 
A)  means and proportions. 
B)  means and standard deviations. 
C)  medians and modes. 
D)  proportions and percentages.

Question 11

Public opinion polls and election projections are examples of________.

Accepted Answer

A)  estimation procedures. 
B)  hypothesis testing. 
C)  non-statistical research methods. 
D)  blatant misuse of statistical procedures. 
A)  estimation procedures. 
B)  hypothesis testing. 
C)  non-statistical research methods. 
D)  blatant misuse of statistical procedures.

Question 12

Based on an EPSEM sample of 300 state university students, we estimate that the average number of hours of study time each week is 30 ± 2. In this example, the population is________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the 300 state university students. 
B)  all state university students. 
C)  unknown. 
D)  the same as the parameter. 
A)  the 300 state university students. 
B)  all state university students. 
C)  unknown. 
D)  the same as the parameter.

Question 13

The probability that a sample mean is within±1 Z of the population mean is about________.

Accepted Answer

A)  0.34. 
B)  0.68. 
C)  0.95. 
D)  0.99. 
A)  0.34. 
B)  0.68. 
C)  0.95. 
D)  0.99.

Question 14

A reputable poll will include in its description, at the very minimum, the________.

Accepted Answer

A)  standard deviation. 
B)  margin of error. 
C)  standard error of the population. 
D)  confidence intervals. 
A)  standard deviation. 
B)  margin of error. 
C)  standard error of the population. 
D)  confidence intervals.

Question 15

A random sample of 200 includes 100 Protestants. The researcher estimates, at the 95% confidence level, that between 43% and 57% of the population is Protestant. In this research situation________.

Accepted Answer

A)  alpha is .10 
B)  P u is 95 
C)  N is 100 
D)  P s is .50 
A)  alpha is .10 
B)  P u is 95 
C)  N is 100 
D)  P s is .50

Question 16

To increase the probability that a confidence interval will include the population parameter________.

Accepted Answer

A)  lower the alpha level. 
B)  raise the alpha level. 
C)  increase the bias of the sample statistic. 
D)  set efficiency to zero. 
A)  lower the alpha level. 
B)  raise the alpha level. 
C)  increase the bias of the sample statistic. 
D)  set efficiency to zero.

Question 17

If a researcher changes from the 90% confidence level to the 95% level, the confidence interval will________.

Accepted Answer

A)  widen. 
B)  decrease in width. 
C)  not be affected. 
D)  widen only if N is greater than 100. 
A)  widen. 
B)  decrease in width. 
C)  not be affected. 
D)  widen only if N is greater than 100.

Question 18

In a two person race, if the Republican presidential candidate is projected to attract 44%±3% of the vote and the Democratic candidate is projected to attract 46%±3% of the vote, then________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the Republican is the probable winner. 
B)  the Democrat is the probable winner. 
C)  neither candidate will win a majority of votes in the electoral college. 
D)  the race is "too close to call." 
A)  the Republican is the probable winner. 
B)  the Democrat is the probable winner. 
C)  neither candidate will win a majority of votes in the electoral college. 
D)  the race is "too close to call."

Question 19

In estimation procedures, the Z score that corresponds to an alpha of .05 is________.

Accepted Answer

A)  ± 1.96 
B)  ± 2.58 
C)  ± 3.78 
D)  ± 9.78 
A)  ± 1.96 
B)  ± 2.58 
C)  ± 3.78 
D)  ± 9.78

Question 20

The efficiency of a sample estimator is essentially a matter of________.

Accepted Answer

A)  accuracy. 
B)  validity. 
C)  centrality. 
D)  variation. 
A)  accuracy. 
B)  validity. 
C)  centrality. 
D)  variation.

The goal of estimation procedures is to infer _ from __.

As our confidence in an interval estimate increases, the width of the interval________.

To calculate the confidence interval based on sample means, you need all but which of the following________.

In the United States, based on the responses of a random sample to a survey, between 70% and 80% of the people who do the family grocery shopping are women. This is________.

The efficiency of any estimator can be improved by________.

The more efficient the estimate, the more the sampling distribution________.

In the formulas for constructing interval estimates based on sample proportions, the expression P u(l - P u) has a maximum value of________.

Based on an EPSEM sample of 300 state university students, we estimate that the average number of hours of study time each week is 30 ± 2. In this example, the parameter is________.

Two sample statistics are unbiased estimators. They are________.

Public opinion polls and election projections are examples of________.

Based on an EPSEM sample of 300 state university students, we estimate that the average number of hours of study time each week is 30 ± 2. In this example, the population is________.

The probability that a sample mean is within±1 Z of the population mean is about________.

A reputable poll will include in its description, at the very minimum, the________.

A random sample of 200 includes 100 Protestants. The researcher estimates, at the 95% confidence level, that between 43% and 57% of the population is Protestant. In this research situation________.

To increase the probability that a confidence interval will include the population parameter________.

If a researcher changes from the 90% confidence level to the 95% level, the confidence interval will________.

In a two person race, if the Republican presidential candidate is projected to attract 44%±3% of the vote and the Democratic candidate is projected to attract 46%±3% of the vote, then________.

In estimation procedures, the Z score that corresponds to an alpha of .05 is________.

The efficiency of a sample estimator is essentially a matter of________.

Introduction

Basic Descriptive Statistics Tables Percentages Rates and Ratios and Graphs

Measures of Central Tendency

Measures of Variation

The Normal Curve

Introduction to Inferential Statistics Sampling and the Sampling Distribution

Hypothesis Testing I the One Sample Case

Hypothesis Testing Ii the Two Sample Case

Hypothesis Testing Iii the Analysis of Variance

Hypothesis Testing Iv Chi Square

Bivariate Association for Nominal and Ordinal Level Variables

Association Between Variables Measured at the Interval Ratio Level

Elaborating Bivariate Tables

Partial Correlation and Multiple Regression and Correlation

Filters

Exam 7: Estimation Procedures

The goal of estimation procedures is to infer ___________ from ____________.

As our confidence in an interval estimate increases, the width of the interval________.

To calculate the confidence interval based on sample means, you need all but which of the following________.

In the United States, based on the responses of a random sample to a survey, between 70% and 80% of the people who do the family grocery shopping are women. This is________.

The efficiency of any estimator can be improved by________.

The more efficient the estimate, the more the sampling distribution________.

In the formulas for constructing interval estimates based on sample proportions, the expression P u(l - P u) has a maximum value of________.

Based on an EPSEM sample of 300 state university students, we estimate that the average number of hours of study time each week is 30 ± 2. In this example, the parameter is________.

Two sample statistics are unbiased estimators. They are________.

Public opinion polls and election projections are examples of________.

Based on an EPSEM sample of 300 state university students, we estimate that the average number of hours of study time each week is 30 ± 2. In this example, the population is________.

The probability that a sample mean is within±1 Z of the population mean is about________.

A reputable poll will include in its description, at the very minimum, the________.

A random sample of 200 includes 100 Protestants. The researcher estimates, at the 95% confidence level, that between 43% and 57% of the population is Protestant. In this research situation________.

To increase the probability that a confidence interval will include the population parameter________.

If a researcher changes from the 90% confidence level to the 95% level, the confidence interval will________.

In a two person race, if the Republican presidential candidate is projected to attract 44%±3% of the vote and the Democratic candidate is projected to attract 46%±3% of the vote, then________.

In estimation procedures, the Z score that corresponds to an alpha of .05 is________.

The efficiency of a sample estimator is essentially a matter of________.

Introduction

Basic Descriptive Statistics Tables Percentages Rates and Ratios and Graphs

Measures of Central Tendency

Measures of Variation

The Normal Curve

Introduction to Inferential Statistics Sampling and the Sampling Distribution

Hypothesis Testing I the One Sample Case

Hypothesis Testing Ii the Two Sample Case

Hypothesis Testing Iii the Analysis of Variance

Hypothesis Testing Iv Chi Square

Bivariate Association for Nominal and Ordinal Level Variables

Association Between Variables Measured at the Interval Ratio Level

Elaborating Bivariate Tables

Partial Correlation and Multiple Regression and Correlation

Filters

The goal of estimation procedures is to infer _ from __.