Question 1

Describe the set-point concept of homeostasis and why it may be less useful when considering energy balance?

Accepted Answer

The concept of a set point in considers homeostasis as analogous to a thermostat that keeps one's home within a comfortable temperature range. When more energy is needed, hunger is increased and when a positive energy balance is reached, hunger is reduced. This concept works well for tightly regulated systems but is less useful when considering systems that can operate within a wide range, such as energy balance. For example, individuals can survive within very wide ranges of body fat content.

Question 2

Describe two hormones that increase food intake, and two that decrease it.

Accepted Answer

Androgens and ghrelin increase food intake; CCK and leptin decrease food intake.

Question 3

Diabetes insipidus is a disorder characterized by

Accepted Answer

A)  low insulin levels. 
B)  high insulin levels. 
C)  an overproduction of ADH. 
D)  an absence of ADH production. 
A)  low insulin levels. 
B)  high insulin levels. 
C)  an overproduction of ADH. 
D)  an absence of ADH production. D

Question 4

You had Chinese food for dinner and your roommate had chicken-fried steak with mashed potatoes and gravy. Two hours later you are hungry again, but they are not. If you both ate the same amount of food, in endocrine terms, how could this happen?

Accepted Answer

In endocrine terms, the difference in sa

Question 5

The primary trigger for glucagon release is

Accepted Answer

A)  glycogenolysis. 
B)  lipolysis. 
C)  high insulin levels. 
D)  low insulin levels. 
A)  glycogenolysis. 
B)  lipolysis. 
C)  high insulin levels. 
D)  low insulin levels.

Question 6

Destruction of what part of the brain will cause an individual to eat to obesity?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lateral hypothalamic nucleus 
B)  Ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus 
C)  Preoptic area of the hypothalamus 
D)  Amygdala 
A)  Lateral hypothalamic nucleus 
B)  Ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus 
C)  Preoptic area of the hypothalamus 
D)  Amygdala

Question 7

How could a hormone influence CNS processes such as food intake if it cannot cross the blood-brain barrier?

Accepted Answer

Hormones can influence central nervous s

Question 8

Insulin and leptin act in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus to suppress the production of

Accepted Answer

A)  POMC. 
B)  CART. 
C)  NPY/AgRP. 
D)  GnRH. 
A)  POMC. 
B)  CART. 
C)  NPY/AgRP. 
D)  GnRH.

Question 9

Why can't survivors on a lifeboat drink seawater to survive?

Accepted Answer

A)  The salt in seawater blocks vasopressin release. 
B)  Seawater induces volemic thirst. 
C)  Seawater induces osmotic thirst. 
D)  Both a and b 
A)  The salt in seawater blocks vasopressin release. 
B)  Seawater induces volemic thirst. 
C)  Seawater induces osmotic thirst. 
D)  Both a and b

Question 10

Many hormones that are found in the digestive tract have also been found in the brain. Describe two of these hormones and discuss what they do in the gut and the brain.

Accepted Answer

Two hormones that are found in both the

Question 11

For hypovolemic thirst, what is the result of kidney barorecpetors being activated? Describe the cascade of hormonal and neural events that ultimately result in thirst, water and salt retention, and salt hunger.

Accepted Answer

When kidney baroreceptors are activated

Question 12

How does angiotensin II contribute to thirst?

Accepted Answer

A)  It signals satiation to the brain via the vagus nerve. 
B)  It causes the secretion of renin by the kidneys. 
C)  It eventually stimulates the lateral hypothalamus. 
D)  It causes the secretion of aldosterone by the adrenal glands. 
A)  It signals satiation to the brain via the vagus nerve. 
B)  It causes the secretion of renin by the kidneys. 
C)  It eventually stimulates the lateral hypothalamus. 
D)  It causes the secretion of aldosterone by the adrenal glands.

Question 13

Describe how two hormones act on neuropeptidergic systems in the arcuate nucleus to control hunger.

Accepted Answer

Leptin acts on to inhibit the activity o

Question 14

During what stage of the ovarian cycle is food intake and body mass lowest?

Accepted Answer

A)  Estrus 
B)  Diestrus 
C)  Proestrus 
D)  None of the above; food intake and body weight is the same across the cycle. 
A)  Estrus 
B)  Diestrus 
C)  Proestrus 
D)  None of the above; food intake and body weight is the same across the cycle.

Question 15

Describe the endocrine modulation of food intake.

Accepted Answer

The endocrine system plays a crucial rol

Question 16

The subfornical organ

Accepted Answer

A)  contains osmoreceptors. 
B)  is involved in male avian reproductive behavior. 
C)  signals the lateral preoptic area of the hypothalamus to produce ADH. 
D)  produces ADH in response to osmotic thirst. 
A)  contains osmoreceptors. 
B)  is involved in male avian reproductive behavior. 
C)  signals the lateral preoptic area of the hypothalamus to produce ADH. 
D)  produces ADH in response to osmotic thirst.

Question 17

In rats, the hormone cholecystokinin

Accepted Answer

A)  initiates hunger. 
B)  will induce cessation of eating. 
C)  will induce cessation of eating even when the vagus nerve is cut. 
D)  has rewarding properties similar to opiates. 
A)  initiates hunger. 
B)  will induce cessation of eating. 
C)  will induce cessation of eating even when the vagus nerve is cut. 
D)  has rewarding properties similar to opiates.

Question 18

Loss of blood will result in

Accepted Answer

A)  osmotic thirst. 
B)  cholecystokinesis. 
C)  adrenalectomy. 
D)  volemic thirst. 
A)  osmotic thirst. 
B)  cholecystokinesis. 
C)  adrenalectomy. 
D)  volemic thirst.

Question 19

Which will increase body weight?

Accepted Answer

A)  Estrogen injections 
B)  Progesterone injections 
C)  Ovariectomy plus estrogen injections 
D)  Blockade of lipoprotein lipase activity 
A)  Estrogen injections 
B)  Progesterone injections 
C)  Ovariectomy plus estrogen injections 
D)  Blockade of lipoprotein lipase activity

Question 20

Compare and contrast volemic and osmotic thirst, making sure to discuss how the endocrine system is differentially involved.

Accepted Answer

Volemic thirst and osmotic thirst are tw

Describe the set-point concept of homeostasis and why it may be less useful when considering energy balance?

Describe two hormones that increase food intake, and two that decrease it.

Diabetes insipidus is a disorder characterized by

You had Chinese food for dinner and your roommate had chicken-fried steak with mashed potatoes and gravy. Two hours later you are hungry again, but they are not. If you both ate the same amount of food, in endocrine terms, how could this happen?

The primary trigger for glucagon release is

Destruction of what part of the brain will cause an individual to eat to obesity?

How could a hormone influence CNS processes such as food intake if it cannot cross the blood-brain barrier?

Insulin and leptin act in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus to suppress the production of

Why can't survivors on a lifeboat drink seawater to survive?

Many hormones that are found in the digestive tract have also been found in the brain. Describe two of these hormones and discuss what they do in the gut and the brain.

For hypovolemic thirst, what is the result of kidney barorecpetors being activated? Describe the cascade of hormonal and neural events that ultimately result in thirst, water and salt retention, and salt hunger.

How does angiotensin II contribute to thirst?

Describe how two hormones act on neuropeptidergic systems in the arcuate nucleus to control hunger.

During what stage of the ovarian cycle is food intake and body mass lowest?

Describe the endocrine modulation of food intake.

The subfornical organ

In rats, the hormone cholecystokinin

Loss of blood will result in

Which will increase body weight?

Compare and contrast volemic and osmotic thirst, making sure to discuss how the endocrine system is differentially involved.

The Study of Behavioral Endocrinology

The Endocrine System

Sex Differences in Behavior: Sex Determination and Differentiation

Sex Differences in Behavior: Animal Models and Humans

Male Reproductive Behavior

Female Reproductive Behavior

Parental Behavior

Hormones and Social Behavior

Biological Rhythms

Stress

Learning and Memory

Hormones and Affective Disorders

Filters

Exam 9: Homeostasis and Behavior

Describe the set-point concept of homeostasis and why it may be less useful when considering energy balance?

Describe two hormones that increase food intake, and two that decrease it.

Diabetes insipidus is a disorder characterized by

You had Chinese food for dinner and your roommate had chicken-fried steak with mashed potatoes and gravy. Two hours later you are hungry again, but they are not. If you both ate the same amount of food, in endocrine terms, how could this happen?

The primary trigger for glucagon release is

Destruction of what part of the brain will cause an individual to eat to obesity?

How could a hormone influence CNS processes such as food intake if it cannot cross the blood-brain barrier?

Insulin and leptin act in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus to suppress the production of

Why can't survivors on a lifeboat drink seawater to survive?

Many hormones that are found in the digestive tract have also been found in the brain. Describe two of these hormones and discuss what they do in the gut and the brain.

For hypovolemic thirst, what is the result of kidney barorecpetors being activated? Describe the cascade of hormonal and neural events that ultimately result in thirst, water and salt retention, and salt hunger.

How does angiotensin II contribute to thirst?

Describe how two hormones act on neuropeptidergic systems in the arcuate nucleus to control hunger.

During what stage of the ovarian cycle is food intake and body mass lowest?

Describe the endocrine modulation of food intake.

The subfornical organ

In rats, the hormone cholecystokinin

Loss of blood will result in

Which will increase body weight?

Compare and contrast volemic and osmotic thirst, making sure to discuss how the endocrine system is differentially involved.

The Study of Behavioral Endocrinology

The Endocrine System

Sex Differences in Behavior: Sex Determination and Differentiation

Sex Differences in Behavior: Animal Models and Humans

Male Reproductive Behavior

Female Reproductive Behavior

Parental Behavior

Hormones and Social Behavior

Biological Rhythms

Stress

Learning and Memory

Hormones and Affective Disorders

Filters