Question 1

Which of the following is an advantage of the experimental approach?

Accepted Answer

A)  minimization of reactive measurement effects 
B)  high internal validity 
C)  low sampling error 
D)  high external validity 
A)  minimization of reactive measurement effects 
B)  high internal validity 
C)  low sampling error 
D)  high external validity

Question 2

Demand characteristics are less likely to be a problem in field experiments than in laboratory experiments.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Which of the following procedures is designed to satisfy participants' suspicions about the purpose of an experiment?

Accepted Answer

A)  pretesting 
B)  cover story 
C)  acquisition of informed consent 
D)  manipulation check 
A)  pretesting 
B)  cover story 
C)  acquisition of informed consent 
D)  manipulation check

Question 4

What is the purpose of tests of statistical significance in an experiment?

Accepted Answer

A)  to establish direction of influence 
B)  to determine if random assignment created similar experimental and control groups 
C)  to determine the generalizability of the findings 
D)  to determine if chance is a reasonable explanation of experimental results 
E)  to test the reliability of the measurement of the dependent variable 
A)  to establish direction of influence 
B)  to determine if random assignment created similar experimental and control groups 
C)  to determine the generalizability of the findings 
D)  to determine if chance is a reasonable explanation of experimental results 
E)  to test the reliability of the measurement of the dependent variable

Question 5

One means of controlling for biases due to the social nature of experiments is to

Accepted Answer

A)  keep subjects isolated from one another throughout the course of the experiment. 
B)  place the manipulation of the independent variable and the measurement of the dependent variable in the same context. 
C)  perform the experiment in a natural setting, as in a field experiment. 
D)  tell subjects that their performance as subjects will be evaluated. 
A)  keep subjects isolated from one another throughout the course of the experiment. 
B)  place the manipulation of the independent variable and the measurement of the dependent variable in the same context. 
C)  perform the experiment in a natural setting, as in a field experiment. 
D)  tell subjects that their performance as subjects will be evaluated.

Question 6

A subject in an experiment on prejudice toward the physically handicapped is asked by the experimenter to be honest and follow instructions scrupulously-in other words, to adopt the role of "faithful subject." This implies that

Accepted Answer

A)  the experimenter knew the subject was prejudiced toward people with handicaps. 
B)  the experimenter was trying to minimize the effect of demand characteristics. 
C)  the experimenter was trying to reduce experimenter bias. 
D)  "role" was the independent variable in this experiment. 
A)  the experimenter knew the subject was prejudiced toward people with handicaps. 
B)  the experimenter was trying to minimize the effect of demand characteristics. 
C)  the experimenter was trying to reduce experimenter bias. 
D)  "role" was the independent variable in this experiment.

Question 7

Which of the following procedures is intended to ensure or enhance a study's internal validity?

Accepted Answer

A)  replication 
B)  random sampling 
C)  random assignment 
A)  replication 
B)  random sampling 
C)  random assignment

Question 8

An experiment's internal validity depends upon how well it controls for extraneous variables.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Compared with laboratory experiments, field experiments are less likely to raise ethical problems because participants rarely know they are in an experiment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The use of college student volunteers limits the internal validity of an experiment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Which of the following is not an advantage of behavioral measures of the dependent variable in comparison with verbal reports?

Accepted Answer

A)  easy to devise 
B)  lower participant awareness of being measured 
C)  greater precision 
D)  measuring what people do is better than measuring what they say they will do 
A)  easy to devise 
B)  lower participant awareness of being measured 
C)  greater precision 
D)  measuring what people do is better than measuring what they say they will do

Question 12

Which of the following sequences is correct regarding the process of conducting an experiment?

Accepted Answer

A)  introduce experiment F1S1S1W1F1F1F10 perform manipulation check F1S1S1W1F1F1F10 debrief F1S1S1W1F1F1F10 measure dependent variable 
B)  debrief F1S1S1W1F1F1F10 acquire informed consent F1S1S1W1F1F1F10 randomly assign participants to conditions F1S1S1W1F1F1F10 perform manipulation check 
C)  introduce experiment F1S1S1W1F1F1F10 manipulate independent variable F1S1S1W1F1F1F10 measure dependent variable F1S1S1W1F1F1F10 debrief 
D)  randomly assign participants to conditions F1S1S1W1F1F1F10 acquire informed consent F1S1S1W1F1F1F10 measure dependent variable F1S1S1W1F1F1F10 manipulate the independent variable 
A)  introduce experiment F1S1S1W1F1F1F10 perform manipulation check F1S1S1W1F1F1F10 debrief F1S1S1W1F1F1F10 measure dependent variable 
B)  debrief F1S1S1W1F1F1F10 acquire informed consent F1S1S1W1F1F1F10 randomly assign participants to conditions F1S1S1W1F1F1F10 perform manipulation check 
C)  introduce experiment F1S1S1W1F1F1F10 manipulate independent variable F1S1S1W1F1F1F10 measure dependent variable F1S1S1W1F1F1F10 debrief 
D)  randomly assign participants to conditions F1S1S1W1F1F1F10 acquire informed consent F1S1S1W1F1F1F10 measure dependent variable F1S1S1W1F1F1F10 manipulate the independent variable

Question 13

Which causal criterion is supported in an experiment by random assignment?

Accepted Answer

A)  association 
B)  direction of influence 
C)  nonspuriousness (elimination of rival explanations) 
A)  association 
B)  direction of influence 
C)  nonspuriousness (elimination of rival explanations)

Question 14

Replication is often used to increase the generalizability of experimental results.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of the following is a limitation of the experimental approach?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is always carried out in an unnatural laboratory setting. 
B)  It provides weak evidence of causal relationships. 
C)  It cannot be incorporated into other research approaches such as surveys. 
D)  It tends to produce results that have limited external validity. 
A)  It is always carried out in an unnatural laboratory setting. 
B)  It provides weak evidence of causal relationships. 
C)  It cannot be incorporated into other research approaches such as surveys. 
D)  It tends to produce results that have limited external validity.

Which of the following is an advantage of the experimental approach?

Demand characteristics are less likely to be a problem in field experiments than in laboratory experiments.

Which of the following procedures is designed to satisfy participants' suspicions about the purpose of an experiment?

What is the purpose of tests of statistical significance in an experiment?

One means of controlling for biases due to the social nature of experiments is to

A subject in an experiment on prejudice toward the physically handicapped is asked by the experimenter to be honest and follow instructions scrupulously-in other words, to adopt the role of "faithful subject." This implies that

Which of the following procedures is intended to ensure or enhance a study's internal validity?

An experiment's internal validity depends upon how well it controls for extraneous variables.

Compared with laboratory experiments, field experiments are less likely to raise ethical problems because participants rarely know they are in an experiment.

The use of college student volunteers limits the internal validity of an experiment.

Which of the following is not an advantage of behavioral measures of the dependent variable in comparison with verbal reports?

Which of the following sequences is correct regarding the process of conducting an experiment?

Which causal criterion is supported in an experiment by random assignment?

Replication is often used to increase the generalizability of experimental results.

Which of the following is a limitation of the experimental approach?

Introduction

The Nature of Science

Research Ethics

Elements of Research Design

Measurement

Sampling

Experimental Designs

Survey Research

Survey Instrumentation

Field Research

Research Using Available Data

Multiple Methods

Data Processing and Elementary Data Analysis

Multivariate Analysis

Writing Research Reports

Filters

Exam 7: Experimentation

Which of the following is an advantage of the experimental approach?

Demand characteristics are less likely to be a problem in field experiments than in laboratory experiments.

Which of the following procedures is designed to satisfy participants' suspicions about the purpose of an experiment?

What is the purpose of tests of statistical significance in an experiment?

One means of controlling for biases due to the social nature of experiments is to

A subject in an experiment on prejudice toward the physically handicapped is asked by the experimenter to be honest and follow instructions scrupulously-in other words, to adopt the role of "faithful subject." This implies that

Which of the following procedures is intended to ensure or enhance a study's internal validity?

An experiment's internal validity depends upon how well it controls for extraneous variables.

Compared with laboratory experiments, field experiments are less likely to raise ethical problems because participants rarely know they are in an experiment.

The use of college student volunteers limits the internal validity of an experiment.

Which of the following is not an advantage of behavioral measures of the dependent variable in comparison with verbal reports?

Which of the following sequences is correct regarding the process of conducting an experiment?

Which causal criterion is supported in an experiment by random assignment?

Replication is often used to increase the generalizability of experimental results.

Which of the following is a limitation of the experimental approach?

Introduction

The Nature of Science

Research Ethics

Elements of Research Design

Measurement

Sampling

Experimental Designs

Survey Research

Survey Instrumentation

Field Research

Research Using Available Data

Multiple Methods

Data Processing and Elementary Data Analysis

Multivariate Analysis

Writing Research Reports

Filters