Exam 14: Speaking to Inform and Persuade

Jonathan is perceived by his peers to be someone who acts with integrity, and this was apparent to them in the persuasive speech that he gave. What characteristic of credibility does this illustrate?

A movie star is convincing the general public about the dangers of immunizing children. This is an example of a(n) _______ fallacy.

An important five-step organizational pattern for persuasive speeches is referred to as

Christina works for a state university. She has been asked to speak on a new process for collecting research data. She believes in this new method and is excited to let others know about the value of such a method. She hopes her audience will understand the value she sees in the new method, and intends to propose its benefits to the audience. What unstated assumption can we make about the primary purpose of Christina's speech?

Judith delivered an effective speech partly because her audience perceived she had expertise on the topic of global warming: she had just completed a six-month scientific expedition to Antarctica. What did Judith possess?

The visualization step in the five-step organizational pattern

Rafael is preparing to speak about the degradation of salt marshes. As he prepares he writes, "After listening to my speech, my audience will be able to identify the causes of over-salination and degradation of salt marshes." He begins his speech by saying, "Coastal salt marshes are a safe harbor for plant and animal life, but the over-salination of these marshes is degrading them." He then transitions to a detailed discussion about the pH levels needed for certain life forms to thrive. He adds, "Now this is an important point." He then tells them, "Salt marshes have receded by 10 percent in the past five years." What signpost does he use?

A(n) _______ is generally worded to relate particularly to audience knowledge, audience ability, or both.

Fagan is trying to convince an audience about the benefits of a new cleaning product. He wants them to understand what it does and that it's the best product out there. He only has this opportunity to change their attitudes about the product. He plans to show a product demonstration that he hopes the audience will enjoy. He realizes the demonstration is a bit misleading, but he is convinced it's for the audience's good to try the product. What unstated assumption would best characterize Fagan's speech?

Having conducted an audience analysis, a political candidate tells his audience that the unprecedented levels of unemployment in their town have been caused by "too much red tape and bureaucracy." Overall his speech is a success. Roughly seventy percent of his listeners have long believed that the issue was caused by overregulation, and receive the candidate's speech warmly, especially as he comes across as likable, and provides them with citations and statistics that appear to them to back up what he's saying. Twenty percent of his audience are aware that a different set of statistics could prove more credibly that the problem stems from automation and falling demand. The rest are undecided. What best accounts for the success of the candidate's speech?

Describe how to make it easy for your audience to listen to an informative speech.

Analyze the following statements and identify the statement that exemplifies the satisfaction step proposing a solution.

Paul was standing for election for a major role on his school's governing cabinet. Before giving his speech to the whole school, he conducted an audience analysis which showed that around twenty percent of the school was never going to vote for him whatever he said, while thirty percent were generally in favor of what he said, and the rest were undecided or wavering. What percentage of the school did he decide should be his target audience?

The elements in a speech which speak to the heart rather than the head are referred to as

Describe how a speaker can establish credibility with his or her audience in a persuasive speech.

In adapting to your specific audience when presenting a persuasive speech, it is important wherever possible to appeal to the values of the listeners,

Compare informative speaking and persuasive speaking.

Jorge is giving a speech explaining why audience members should purchase a new computer operating system. What type of speech will he likely give?

When political candidates carefully check every new opinion poll, and adjust their speeches accordingly, what fact about persuasive speaking is being demonstrated?

Miranda is giving a speech on the differences between Apple and Microsoft computer systems. She is not giving a preference to either. What type of speech will she likely give?