Question 1

Which of the following is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  informational power has been identified as the most important type of power 
B)  the various forms of power discussed in the text are mutually exclusive 
C)  the strength of the norms for reciprocal power are the same across persons and situations 
D)  all of the above 
E)  none of the above 
A)  informational power has been identified as the most important type of power 
B)  the various forms of power discussed in the text are mutually exclusive 
C)  the strength of the norms for reciprocal power are the same across persons and situations 
D)  all of the above 
E)  none of the above D

Question 2

Which of the following characteristics has not been associated with leadership?

Accepted Answer

A)  gender 
B)  physical size 
C)  health 
D)  physical attractiveness 
E)  all of the above have been associated with leadership 
A)  gender 
B)  physical size 
C)  health 
D)  physical attractiveness 
E)  all of the above have been associated with leadership E

Question 3

The findings of Stahelski and Frost's (1989) study suggest that:

Accepted Answer

A)  legitimate and reward power may be the most important types of power in organizations 
B)  the number of subordinates might determine the willingness to use coercive power 
C)  expert power is useful only in structured organizations 
D)  the number of employees does not appear to influence which type of power might be employed more often 
E)  reciprocal power has a tremendous influence on production norms in organizations 
A)  legitimate and reward power may be the most important types of power in organizations 
B)  the number of subordinates might determine the willingness to use coercive power 
C)  expert power is useful only in structured organizations 
D)  the number of employees does not appear to influence which type of power might be employed more often 
E)  reciprocal power has a tremendous influence on production norms in organizations B

Question 4

When one person has influence over another because of past favours, this type of power is termed:

Accepted Answer

A)  reciprocal power 
B)  coercive power 
C)  referent power 
D)  conditional power 
E)  reward power 
A)  reciprocal power 
B)  coercive power 
C)  referent power 
D)  conditional power 
E)  reward power

Question 5

Tajfel's generic norm of behaviour specifies:

Accepted Answer

A)  discrimination towards out-groups may occur even in the absence of any pre-existing hostility 
B)  discrimination towards out-groups may manifest itself before any hostility or prejudice has developed against the group 
C)  discrimination against out-groups will be observed even in the absence of any self-interest on the part of the in-group 
D)  a and c 
E)  all of the above 
A)  discrimination towards out-groups may occur even in the absence of any pre-existing hostility 
B)  discrimination towards out-groups may manifest itself before any hostility or prejudice has developed against the group 
C)  discrimination against out-groups will be observed even in the absence of any self-interest on the part of the in-group 
D)  a and c 
E)  all of the above

Question 6

According to the text, a feature has diagnostic value if:

Accepted Answer

A)  it is common to both in-group and out-group members 
B)  it is important to an individual's self-concept 
C)  it is used to create categories 
D)  it increases intra-category differences and reduces inter-category differences 
E)  it is used to reduce differences within categories 
A)  it is common to both in-group and out-group members 
B)  it is important to an individual's self-concept 
C)  it is used to create categories 
D)  it increases intra-category differences and reduces inter-category differences 
E)  it is used to reduce differences within categories

Question 7

Power over others in an institutionalized setting leads to:

Accepted Answer

A)  good working relationships 
B)  psychological distance from subordinates 
C)  devaluation of efforts of subordinates 
D)  rewards to subordinates 
E)  b and c 
A)  good working relationships 
B)  psychological distance from subordinates 
C)  devaluation of efforts of subordinates 
D)  rewards to subordinates 
E)  b and c

Question 8

Which of the following factors does not contribute to the cohesiveness of a group?

Accepted Answer

A)  the degree to which members are personally attracted to each other 
B)  the uniqueness of a given individual's contribution to the group 
C)  the extent to which the group goals are in line with individual goals 
D)  the extent to which the group is able to satisfy members' needs 
E)  all of the above factors contribute to group cohesiveness 
A)  the degree to which members are personally attracted to each other 
B)  the uniqueness of a given individual's contribution to the group 
C)  the extent to which the group goals are in line with individual goals 
D)  the extent to which the group is able to satisfy members' needs 
E)  all of the above factors contribute to group cohesiveness

Question 9

Francis Galton, in an effort to find the determinants of leadership, investigated the hereditary background of 'great men' and suggested that:

Accepted Answer

A)  good leaders are made 
B)  a very strong characteristic of leadership is gender 
C)  good leaders are born, not made 
D)  leaders are usually more intelligent that followers 
E)  both personality traits and situations determine who will emerge as a leader 
A)  good leaders are made 
B)  a very strong characteristic of leadership is gender 
C)  good leaders are born, not made 
D)  leaders are usually more intelligent that followers 
E)  both personality traits and situations determine who will emerge as a leader

Question 10

The current dominant approach to the study of group processes in North America is one that focuses on:

Accepted Answer

A)  the way groups are interrelated 
B)  the role of group processes in international conflict 
C)  the way group processes influence individuals in a group 
D)  the role of groups in society 
E)  how groups mutually influence each other 
A)  the way groups are interrelated 
B)  the role of group processes in international conflict 
C)  the way group processes influence individuals in a group 
D)  the role of groups in society 
E)  how groups mutually influence each other

Question 11

Which of the following statements regarding group roles is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  roles may be organizational and formal with respect to group tasks 
B)  a socio-emotional specialist plays an important informal role in social groups 
C)  roles may be informal and gradually evolve over a number of interactions 
D)  in any group, there are differences in status among the members 
E)  all of the above 
A)  roles may be organizational and formal with respect to group tasks 
B)  a socio-emotional specialist plays an important informal role in social groups 
C)  roles may be informal and gradually evolve over a number of interactions 
D)  in any group, there are differences in status among the members 
E)  all of the above

Question 12

Cohesiveness within a group is likely to increase if:

Accepted Answer

A)  there is some kind of external threat to the group 
B)  the group is made up of individuals who have a high need for affiliation 
C)  the group is in competition with other groups 
D)  the group has a clearly specified structure 
E)  both a and c 
A)  there is some kind of external threat to the group 
B)  the group is made up of individuals who have a high need for affiliation 
C)  the group is in competition with other groups 
D)  the group has a clearly specified structure 
E)  both a and c

Question 13

The view that individuals shift their decisions in the direction of the majority because they are conforming to a perceived group norm is suggested by:

Accepted Answer

A)  the social identification explanation 
B)  the social comparison interpretation 
C)  the persuasive argumentation explanation 
D)  social categorization theory 
E)  social differentiation theory 
A)  the social identification explanation 
B)  the social comparison interpretation 
C)  the persuasive argumentation explanation 
D)  social categorization theory 
E)  social differentiation theory

Question 14

Group discussion and the necessity of reaching a group consensus have been suggested as the main factors in eliciting:

Accepted Answer

A)  the minimum probability effect 
B)  the risky shift phenomenon 
C)  group-induced attitude polarization 
D)  the group effect 
E)  cohesiveness 
A)  the minimum probability effect 
B)  the risky shift phenomenon 
C)  group-induced attitude polarization 
D)  the group effect 
E)  cohesiveness

Question 15

Group cohesiveness can lead to:

Accepted Answer

A)  harmony 
B)  solidarity 
C)  high productivity 
D)  low productivity 
E)  all of the above are true 
A)  harmony 
B)  solidarity 
C)  high productivity 
D)  low productivity 
E)  all of the above are true

Question 16

Stahelski and Frost (1989) measured how often the various forms of power were used in three different organizations. They found that:

Accepted Answer

A)  in all three organizations, referent and reward power were used less often than the other types of power 
B)  legitimate, reward and coercive power were predominantly used in all three organizations 
C)  as the number of employees supervised increased, the use of coercive power increased 
D)  as the number of employees supervised increased, the use of referent and reward power increased 
E)  the largest of the three organizations employed significantly more legitimate power than the smaller organizations 
A)  in all three organizations, referent and reward power were used less often than the other types of power 
B)  legitimate, reward and coercive power were predominantly used in all three organizations 
C)  as the number of employees supervised increased, the use of coercive power increased 
D)  as the number of employees supervised increased, the use of referent and reward power increased 
E)  the largest of the three organizations employed significantly more legitimate power than the smaller organizations

Question 17

The process whereby we exaggerate similarities among members of the same category, and exaggerate differences among members of different categories is termed:

Accepted Answer

A)  social identification 
B)  social differentiation 
C)  cross-categorization 
D)  in-group/out-group categorization 
E)  schematic categorization 
A)  social identification 
B)  social differentiation 
C)  cross-categorization 
D)  in-group/out-group categorization 
E)  schematic categorization

Question 18

Examples of social categories:

Accepted Answer

A)  age 
B)  nationality 
C)  gender 
D)  occupation 
E)  all of the above 
A)  age 
B)  nationality 
C)  gender 
D)  occupation 
E)  all of the above

Question 19

What is/are the main limitation(s) of the situational approach to leadership?

Accepted Answer

A)  the idea that different situations call for different kinds of leadership 
B)  it excludes such variables as style of leadership 
C)  it does not take into consideration the reaction of followers 
D)  both a and b 
E)  both b and c 
A)  the idea that different situations call for different kinds of leadership 
B)  it excludes such variables as style of leadership 
C)  it does not take into consideration the reaction of followers 
D)  both a and b 
E)  both b and c

Question 20

Contingency theory states that the best way to measure a leader's orientation is:

Accepted Answer

A)  to assess the output of the group 
B)  to assess the leader's attitude towards the 'least preferred' co-worker 
C)  to ask the leader about his/her orientation 
D)  to measure the average level of member satisfaction in the group 
E)  to measure group morale 
A)  to assess the output of the group 
B)  to assess the leader's attitude towards the 'least preferred' co-worker 
C)  to ask the leader about his/her orientation 
D)  to measure the average level of member satisfaction in the group 
E)  to measure group morale

Which of the following is false?

Which of the following characteristics has not been associated with leadership?

The findings of Stahelski and Frost's (1989) study suggest that:

When one person has influence over another because of past favours, this type of power is termed:

Tajfel's generic norm of behaviour specifies:

According to the text, a feature has diagnostic value if:

Power over others in an institutionalized setting leads to:

Which of the following factors does not contribute to the cohesiveness of a group?

Francis Galton, in an effort to find the determinants of leadership, investigated the hereditary background of 'great men' and suggested that:

The current dominant approach to the study of group processes in North America is one that focuses on:

Which of the following statements regarding group roles is true?

Cohesiveness within a group is likely to increase if:

The view that individuals shift their decisions in the direction of the majority because they are conforming to a perceived group norm is suggested by:

Group discussion and the necessity of reaching a group consensus have been suggested as the main factors in eliciting:

Group cohesiveness can lead to:

Stahelski and Frost (1989) measured how often the various forms of power were used in three different organizations. They found that:

The process whereby we exaggerate similarities among members of the same category, and exaggerate differences among members of different categories is termed:

Examples of social categories:

What is/are the main limitation(s) of the situational approach to leadership?

Contingency theory states that the best way to measure a leader's orientation is:

Studying Social Behaviour

Social Perception and Cognition

The Social Self

Attitudes, Ideologies and Values

Attitude Change

Social Influence

Language and Communication

Interpersonal Attraction and Close Relationships

Prosocial Behaviour

Cooperation and Conflict

Aggression

Prejudice

Crowds and Collective Behaviour

Applied Social Psychology

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Exam 12: Social Identity, Groups and Leadership

Which of the following is false?

Which of the following characteristics has not been associated with leadership?

The findings of Stahelski and Frost's (1989) study suggest that:

When one person has influence over another because of past favours, this type of power is termed:

Tajfel's generic norm of behaviour specifies:

According to the text, a feature has diagnostic value if:

Power over others in an institutionalized setting leads to:

Which of the following factors does not contribute to the cohesiveness of a group?

Francis Galton, in an effort to find the determinants of leadership, investigated the hereditary background of 'great men' and suggested that:

The current dominant approach to the study of group processes in North America is one that focuses on:

Which of the following statements regarding group roles is true?

Cohesiveness within a group is likely to increase if:

The view that individuals shift their decisions in the direction of the majority because they are conforming to a perceived group norm is suggested by:

Group discussion and the necessity of reaching a group consensus have been suggested as the main factors in eliciting:

Group cohesiveness can lead to:

Stahelski and Frost (1989) measured how often the various forms of power were used in three different organizations. They found that:

The process whereby we exaggerate similarities among members of the same category, and exaggerate differences among members of different categories is termed:

Examples of social categories:

What is/are the main limitation(s) of the situational approach to leadership?

Contingency theory states that the best way to measure a leader's orientation is:

Studying Social Behaviour

Social Perception and Cognition

The Social Self

Attitudes, Ideologies and Values

Attitude Change

Social Influence

Language and Communication

Interpersonal Attraction and Close Relationships

Prosocial Behaviour

Cooperation and Conflict

Aggression

Prejudice

Crowds and Collective Behaviour

Applied Social Psychology

Filters