Question 1

What is groupthink? What are the characteristics of groupthink, and how can groupthink be prevented? How has groupthink been studied?

Accepted Answer

Groupthink is a psychological phenomenon

Question 2

Because group decision making and performance depends in part upon the characteristics of the individuals in the group and in part on group process, it can be said to be

Accepted Answer

A)  sociological. 
B)  interactionist. 
C)  relational. 
D)  psychological. 
A)  sociological. 
B)  interactionist. 
C)  relational. 
D)  psychological.

Question 3

What is the "decision scheme" approach to understanding group decision making? Consider the types of decision schemes that are important in group process. What are the limitations of this approach?

Accepted Answer

The "decision scheme" approach to unders

Question 4

Which of the following would likely be effective in preventing groupthink?

Accepted Answer

A)  The leader presents his opinions both first and last. 
B)  New members are brought in to join the group. 
C)  The time for discussion is increased. 
D)  The leader instructs everyone to critically evaluate all information. 
A)  The leader presents his opinions both first and last. 
B)  New members are brought in to join the group. 
C)  The time for discussion is increased. 
D)  The leader instructs everyone to critically evaluate all information.

Question 5

Which of the following explanations for group polarization is only useful for explaining shifts towards risk?

Accepted Answer

A)  Persuasive arguments. 
B)  Social categorization. 
C)  Social comparison. 
D)  Diffusion of responsibility. 
A)  Persuasive arguments. 
B)  Social categorization. 
C)  Social comparison. 
D)  Diffusion of responsibility.

Question 6

A factory in which an assembly line makes a product represents a(n) _____ task whereas a jury working together to make a decision represents a(n) _____ task.

Accepted Answer

A)  maximizing; intellective 
B)  criterion; judgmental 
C)  additive; compensatory 
D)  intellective; maximizing 
A)  maximizing; intellective 
B)  criterion; judgmental 
C)  additive; compensatory 
D)  intellective; maximizing

Question 7

Which of the following is likely to cause groupthink?

Accepted Answer

A)  Difficult decisions and lack of leadership. 
B)  Large group size and two-way communication. 
C)  Discussion that goes beyond the time allotted. 
D)  Time pressure and stress. 
A)  Difficult decisions and lack of leadership. 
B)  Large group size and two-way communication. 
C)  Discussion that goes beyond the time allotted. 
D)  Time pressure and stress.

Question 8

Which of the following decision schemes might be used when group members vote among proposed alternatives?

Accepted Answer

A)  Truth wins. 
B)  Majority wins. 
C)  Random selection among alternatives. 
D)  Truth supported wins. 
A)  Truth wins. 
B)  Majority wins. 
C)  Random selection among alternatives. 
D)  Truth supported wins.

Question 9

If Midge can address 100 letters in an hour, Frankie can address 110 letters in an hour, and Tom can address 140 letters in an hour, then which of the following could represent the potential group productivity of the three working together as a group?

Accepted Answer

A)  350 letters per hour. 
B)  315 letters per hour. 
C)  140 letters per hour. 
D)  100 letters per hour. 
A)  350 letters per hour. 
B)  315 letters per hour. 
C)  140 letters per hour. 
D)  100 letters per hour.

Question 10

Which of the following is likely to cause groupthink?

Accepted Answer

A)  High social identity and group cohesion. 
B)  Difficult decisions and lack of leadership. 
C)  Having more than one leader. 
D)  Discussion that goes beyond the time allotted. 
A)  High social identity and group cohesion. 
B)  Difficult decisions and lack of leadership. 
C)  Having more than one leader. 
D)  Discussion that goes beyond the time allotted.

Question 11

Charlene can stitch 40 shirts in a day, Toni can stitch 25 shirts in a day, and Harriet can stitch 60 shirts in a day. They are working together in a group, but there is a process loss in the group. How many shirts might they stitch in a day?

Accepted Answer

A)  125. 
B)  135. 
C)  100. 
D)  225. 
A)  125. 
B)  135. 
C)  100. 
D)  225.

Question 12

Which of the following is predicted by the self-categorization explanation of group polarization?

Accepted Answer

A)  Polarization should be greater for in-groups than for out-groups. 
B)  Polarization should be greater after more group discussion. 
C)  Polarization should be greater for risky than for cautious decisions. 
D)  Polarization should be greater when there is initial disagreement among the group members. 
A)  Polarization should be greater for in-groups than for out-groups. 
B)  Polarization should be greater after more group discussion. 
C)  Polarization should be greater for risky than for cautious decisions. 
D)  Polarization should be greater when there is initial disagreement among the group members.

Question 13

Overall, do you think it is a good idea to use groups to help make decisions? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

Overall, I believe it is a good idea to

Question 14

One limitation of the decision scheme approach to understanding group decision making is that it

Accepted Answer

A)  cannot predict cases in which majority rules. 
B)  cannot predict cases in which decisions are unanimous. 
C)  does not take into consideration differences among the group members in persuasive ability. 
D)  does not take into consideration differences in group size. 
A)  cannot predict cases in which majority rules. 
B)  cannot predict cases in which decisions are unanimous. 
C)  does not take into consideration differences among the group members in persuasive ability. 
D)  does not take into consideration differences in group size.

Question 15

Stewart can lift 100 pounds. Janice can lift 110 pounds. Gerard can lift 120 pounds. When they are lifting together they can lift 340 pounds. This represents which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  A process gain. 
B)  A process loss. 
C)  Neither a process gain nor a process loss. 
D)  Social loafing. 
A)  A process gain. 
B)  A process loss. 
C)  Neither a process gain nor a process loss. 
D)  Social loafing.

Question 16

Experimental research studying groupthink has shown which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  High social identity always produces groupthink. 
B)  High group cohesiveness always produces groupthink. 
C)  Experimental manipulations of variables that are expected to produce groupthink (such as high cohesiveness) do increase symptoms of groupthink. 
D)  It is not possible to study groupthink experimentally. 
A)  High social identity always produces groupthink. 
B)  High group cohesiveness always produces groupthink. 
C)  Experimental manipulations of variables that are expected to produce groupthink (such as high cohesiveness) do increase symptoms of groupthink. 
D)  It is not possible to study groupthink experimentally.

Question 17

How are member characteristics, process gains, and process losses used to predict actual group performance?

Accepted Answer

Member characteristics, process gains, a

Question 18

Diane Mackie had participants listen to groups of people discussing a topic. Some of the research participants thought that they would be joining the group in the future. Which of the following results did Mackie observe?

Accepted Answer

A)  People estimated more extreme group norms but showed less attitude change toward those norms when they expected to join the group. 
B)  People estimated more extreme group norms and showed more attitude change toward those norms when they expected to join the group. 
C)  People estimated more extreme group norms and showed more attitude change toward those norms when they did not expect to join the group. 
D)  People estimated lower group norms and showed less attitude change toward those norms when they expected to join the group. 
A)  People estimated more extreme group norms but showed less attitude change toward those norms when they expected to join the group. 
B)  People estimated more extreme group norms and showed more attitude change toward those norms when they expected to join the group. 
C)  People estimated more extreme group norms and showed more attitude change toward those norms when they did not expect to join the group. 
D)  People estimated lower group norms and showed less attitude change toward those norms when they expected to join the group.

Question 19

Imagine a group that is asked to determine how attractive people are. They are given a series of pictures of very attractive and very unattractive individuals. After group discussion, which of the following is most likely to be observed?

Accepted Answer

A)  The unattractive women will be rated more positively whereas the unattractive men will be rated more negatively. 
B)  All of the photos are likely to be rated more positively. 
C)  The attractive individuals will be rated as more attractive, whereas the unattractive individuals will be rated as less attractive. 
D)  The ratings of the photos are unlikely to change as a result of the group discussion. 
A)  The unattractive women will be rated more positively whereas the unattractive men will be rated more negatively. 
B)  All of the photos are likely to be rated more positively. 
C)  The attractive individuals will be rated as more attractive, whereas the unattractive individuals will be rated as less attractive. 
D)  The ratings of the photos are unlikely to change as a result of the group discussion.

Question 20

Lifting a piano is a(n) ______ task whereas making a decision is a(n) _____ task.

Accepted Answer

A)  unitary; divisible 
B)  maximizing; intellective 
C)  criterion; judgmental 
D)  compensatory; additive 
A)  unitary; divisible 
B)  maximizing; intellective 
C)  criterion; judgmental 
D)  compensatory; additive

What is groupthink? What are the characteristics of groupthink, and how can groupthink be prevented? How has groupthink been studied?

Because group decision making and performance depends in part upon the characteristics of the individuals in the group and in part on group process, it can be said to be

What is the "decision scheme" approach to understanding group decision making? Consider the types of decision schemes that are important in group process. What are the limitations of this approach?

Which of the following would likely be effective in preventing groupthink?

Which of the following explanations for group polarization is only useful for explaining shifts towards risk?

A factory in which an assembly line makes a product represents a(n) _ task whereas a jury working together to make a decision represents a(n) _ task.

Which of the following is likely to cause groupthink?

Which of the following decision schemes might be used when group members vote among proposed alternatives?

If Midge can address 100 letters in an hour, Frankie can address 110 letters in an hour, and Tom can address 140 letters in an hour, then which of the following could represent the potential group productivity of the three working together as a group?

Which of the following is likely to cause groupthink?

Charlene can stitch 40 shirts in a day, Toni can stitch 25 shirts in a day, and Harriet can stitch 60 shirts in a day. They are working together in a group, but there is a process loss in the group. How many shirts might they stitch in a day?

Which of the following is predicted by the self-categorization explanation of group polarization?

Overall, do you think it is a good idea to use groups to help make decisions? Why or why not?

One limitation of the decision scheme approach to understanding group decision making is that it

Stewart can lift 100 pounds. Janice can lift 110 pounds. Gerard can lift 120 pounds. When they are lifting together they can lift 340 pounds. This represents which of the following?

Experimental research studying groupthink has shown which of the following?

How are member characteristics, process gains, and process losses used to predict actual group performance?

Diane Mackie had participants listen to groups of people discussing a topic. Some of the research participants thought that they would be joining the group in the future. Which of the following results did Mackie observe?

Imagine a group that is asked to determine how attractive people are. They are given a series of pictures of very attractive and very unattractive individuals. After group discussion, which of the following is most likely to be observed?

Lifting a piano is a(n) __ task whereas making a decision is a(n) _ task.

Defining the Social Group

Studying Groups Scientifically

Groups and Their Functions

Social Influence

Social Categorization

Group Development and Structure

Power and Leadership

Group Performance and Productivity

Effective Working Groups

Cultures, Social Change, and Crowds

Cooperation and Conflict Within Groups

Cooperation and Conflict Between Groups

Filters

Exam 8: Group Decision Making

What is groupthink? What are the characteristics of groupthink, and how can groupthink be prevented? How has groupthink been studied?

Because group decision making and performance depends in part upon the characteristics of the individuals in the group and in part on group process, it can be said to be

What is the "decision scheme" approach to understanding group decision making? Consider the types of decision schemes that are important in group process. What are the limitations of this approach?

Which of the following would likely be effective in preventing groupthink?

Which of the following explanations for group polarization is only useful for explaining shifts towards risk?

A factory in which an assembly line makes a product represents a(n) _____ task whereas a jury working together to make a decision represents a(n) _____ task.

Which of the following is likely to cause groupthink?

Which of the following decision schemes might be used when group members vote among proposed alternatives?

If Midge can address 100 letters in an hour, Frankie can address 110 letters in an hour, and Tom can address 140 letters in an hour, then which of the following could represent the potential group productivity of the three working together as a group?

Which of the following is likely to cause groupthink?

Charlene can stitch 40 shirts in a day, Toni can stitch 25 shirts in a day, and Harriet can stitch 60 shirts in a day. They are working together in a group, but there is a process loss in the group. How many shirts might they stitch in a day?

Which of the following is predicted by the self-categorization explanation of group polarization?

Overall, do you think it is a good idea to use groups to help make decisions? Why or why not?

One limitation of the decision scheme approach to understanding group decision making is that it

Stewart can lift 100 pounds. Janice can lift 110 pounds. Gerard can lift 120 pounds. When they are lifting together they can lift 340 pounds. This represents which of the following?

Experimental research studying groupthink has shown which of the following?

How are member characteristics, process gains, and process losses used to predict actual group performance?

Diane Mackie had participants listen to groups of people discussing a topic. Some of the research participants thought that they would be joining the group in the future. Which of the following results did Mackie observe?

Imagine a group that is asked to determine how attractive people are. They are given a series of pictures of very attractive and very unattractive individuals. After group discussion, which of the following is most likely to be observed?

Lifting a piano is a(n) ______ task whereas making a decision is a(n) _____ task.

Defining the Social Group

Studying Groups Scientifically

Groups and Their Functions

Social Influence

Social Categorization

Group Development and Structure

Power and Leadership

Group Performance and Productivity

Effective Working Groups

Cultures, Social Change, and Crowds

Cooperation and Conflict Within Groups

Cooperation and Conflict Between Groups

Filters

A factory in which an assembly line makes a product represents a(n) _ task whereas a jury working together to make a decision represents a(n) _ task.

Lifting a piano is a(n) __ task whereas making a decision is a(n) _ task.