Exam 7: Deviance and Crime

Conventional (street) crimes include burglary,motor vehicle theft,larceny-theft,and arson.

Many people do not resort to deviance because of __________ such as supportive family and friends,reasonable social expectations,and supervision by others.

Discuss the functions of deviance according to sociologist Emile Durkheim.

Discuss the concept of global crime,including the major types of global crime.

From the __________,lower-income and minority women typically have fewer opportunities not only for education and good jobs,but also for "high end" criminal endeavors.

The image of police departments may change as greater emphasis is placed on __________.This is an approach to law enforcement in which officers maintain a presence in neighborhood settings such as walking up and down the streets or riding bicycles,getting to know people,and holding public service meetings at schools and churches.

According to sociologist Edwin Sutherland's rational choice theory of deviance,people learn the necessary techniques and motives,drives,rationalizations,and attitudes of deviant behavior from people with whom they affiliate.

The National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) is the major source of information on crimes reported in the United States.The (NCVS) is compiled by the Federal Bureau of Investigation and focuses on eight major crimes,called index crimes.

Men have higher arrest rates than females for prostitution,embezzlement,and runaways,but in all other categories,women have higher rates.

In contemporary societies,the criminal justice system,which includes the police,the courts,and the prisons,is the primary mechanism of internal social control.

Define deviance and provide examples to illustrate your answer.

A few people engage in __________ deviance,which occurs when a person who has been labeled a deviant seeks to normalize the behavior by relabeling it as nondeviant.

__________ refers to the use of personal judgment by police officers,prosecutors,judges,and other criminal justice system officials regarding whether and how to proceed in a given situation.

Deviant behaviors may include the following: suicide,abortion,homosexuality,prostitution,and illegal drug use.Provide a response that supports your position on whether or not the specific behavior is deviant.Then provide a specific circumstance in which the behavior would contradict your initial position.

According to sociologist Robert Merton's __________ theory,people feel tension when they are exposed to cultural goals that they are unable to obtain because they do not have access to culturally-approved means of achieving those goals.The goals may be material possessions and money; the approved means may include an education and/or job.

According to research conducted by sociologists Richard Cloward and Lloyd Ohlin,__________ gangs emerge in communities that do not provide either legitimate or illegitimate opportunities.

In 2009,________ inmates were executed and more than 3,300 people awaited execution.

According to Robert Merton's strain theory,_______ refers to when people challenge both the approved goals and the approved means for achieving them and advocate an alternative set of goals or means.

__________ is the systematic study of crime and the criminal justice system,including the police,courts,and prison.

Deviant behavior varies in its ____________,ranging from mild Transgressions of folkways,to more serious infringements of mores,to Quite serious violations of the law.