Question 1

Which of the following best describes the search for information and explanations of natural phenomena?

Accepted Answer

A) hypothesis formation 
B) scientific inquiry 
C) curiosity 
D) non-scientific interest 
E) deduction 
A) hypothesis formation 
B) scientific inquiry 
C) curiosity 
D) non-scientific interest 
E) deduction

Question 2

Which of the following best describes a model organism?

Accepted Answer

A) It is often pictured in textbooks and easy for students to imagine. 
B) It lends itself to many studies that are useful to beginning students. 
C) It is well studied, easy to grow, and results are widely applicable. 
D) It is small, inexpensive to grow, and lives a long time. 
E) It has been chosen for study by the earliest biologists. 
A) It is often pictured in textbooks and easy for students to imagine. 
B) It lends itself to many studies that are useful to beginning students. 
C) It is well studied, easy to grow, and results are widely applicable. 
D) It is small, inexpensive to grow, and lives a long time. 
E) It has been chosen for study by the earliest biologists.

Question 3

In what sense does the comment "the whole is greater than the sum of its parts" apply to biology?

Accepted Answer

A) The basic unit in biological systems is cells and they must be combined to make more complex organisms. 
B) Cooperation and interdisciplinary research allows us to understand systems rather than just parts of the system. 
C) As we move up through biological levels, the systems become more complex. 
D) As we move up through biological levels, novel properties emerge that could not be identified at lower levels. 
E) This statement has nothing to do with biology. 
A) The basic unit in biological systems is cells and they must be combined to make more complex organisms. 
B) Cooperation and interdisciplinary research allows us to understand systems rather than just parts of the system. 
C) As we move up through biological levels, the systems become more complex. 
D) As we move up through biological levels, novel properties emerge that could not be identified at lower levels. 
E) This statement has nothing to do with biology.

Question 4

Once labour begins in childbirth,contractions increase in intensity and frequency until delivery.The increasing labour contractions of childbirth are an example of which type of regulation?

Accepted Answer

A) a bioinformatic system 
B) positive feedback 
C) negative feedback 
D) feedback inhibition 
E) enzymatic catalysis 
A) a bioinformatic system 
B) positive feedback 
C) negative feedback 
D) feedback inhibition 
E) enzymatic catalysis

Question 5

Which of the following is not an observation or inference on which Darwin's theory of natural selection is based?

Accepted Answer

A) Poorly adapted individuals never produce offspring. 
B) There is heritable variation among individuals. 
C) Because of overproduction of offspring, there is competition for limited resources. 
D) Individuals whose inherited characteristics best fit them to the environment will generally produce more offspring. 
E) A population can become adapted to its environment over time. 
A) Poorly adapted individuals never produce offspring. 
B) There is heritable variation among individuals. 
C) Because of overproduction of offspring, there is competition for limited resources. 
D) Individuals whose inherited characteristics best fit them to the environment will generally produce more offspring. 
E) A population can become adapted to its environment over time.

Question 6

Which of these individuals is likely to be most successful in an evolutionary sense?

Accepted Answer

A) a reproductively sterile individual who never falls ill 
B) an organism that dies after five days of life but leaves 10 offspring, all of whom survive to reproduce 
C) a male who mates with 20 females and fathers one offspring 
D) an organism that lives 100 years and leaves two offspring, both of whom survive to reproduce 
E) a female who mates with 20 males and produces one offspring that lives to reproduce 
A) a reproductively sterile individual who never falls ill 
B) an organism that dies after five days of life but leaves 10 offspring, all of whom survive to reproduce 
C) a male who mates with 20 females and fathers one offspring 
D) an organism that lives 100 years and leaves two offspring, both of whom survive to reproduce 
E) a female who mates with 20 males and produces one offspring that lives to reproduce

Question 7

All the organisms on your campus make up which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) an ecosystem 
B) a community 
C) a population 
D) an experimental group 
E) a taxonomic domain 
A) an ecosystem 
B) a community 
C) a population 
D) an experimental group 
E) a taxonomic domain

Question 8

The following is a list of biology themes discussed in Chapter 1.Use them to answer the questions below.
I.New properties emerge at each level in the biological hierarchy.
II.Organisms interact with other organisms and the physical environment.
III.Life requires energy transfer and transformation.
IV.Structure and function are correlated at all levels of biological organization.
V.Cells are an organism's basic units of structure and function.
VI.The continuity of life is based on heritable information in the form of DNA.
VII.Feedback mechanisms regulate biological systems.
VIII.Evolution accounts for the unity and diversity of life.
-Which theme(s)is/are best illustrated by an experiment in which a biologist seeks a medication that will inhibit pain responses in a cancer patient?

Accepted Answer

A) II 
B) VII 
C) III and V 
D) V and VIII 
E) VI and VII 
A) II 
B) VII 
C) III and V 
D) V and VIII 
E) VI and VII

Question 9

Why are protists and bacteria grouped into different domains?

Accepted Answer

A) Because protists eat bacteria. 
B) Because bacteria are not made of cells. 
C) Because protists have a membrane-bounded nucleus, which bacterial cells lack. 
D) Because bacteria decompose protists. 
E) Because protists are photosynthetic. 
A) Because protists eat bacteria. 
B) Because bacteria are not made of cells. 
C) Because protists have a membrane-bounded nucleus, which bacterial cells lack. 
D) Because bacteria decompose protists. 
E) Because protists are photosynthetic.

Question 10

Why is a scientific topic best discussed by people of varying points of view,a variety of subdisciplines,and diverse cultures?

Accepted Answer

A) They can rectify each other's approach to make it truly scientific. 
B) Robust and critical discussion between diverse groups improves scientific thinking. 
C) Scientists can explain to others that they need to work in isolation to utilize the scientific method more productively. 
D) This is another way of making science more reproducible. 
E) Scientists need to exchange their ideas with other disciplines and cultures so that all groups are in consensus with the course of future research. 
A) They can rectify each other's approach to make it truly scientific. 
B) Robust and critical discussion between diverse groups improves scientific thinking. 
C) Scientists can explain to others that they need to work in isolation to utilize the scientific method more productively. 
D) This is another way of making science more reproducible. 
E) Scientists need to exchange their ideas with other disciplines and cultures so that all groups are in consensus with the course of future research.

Question 11

Use the following information to answer the questions below.
  
-Figure B is which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) prokaryote 
B) eukaryote 
C) protist 
D) mitochondrion 
E) chloroplast 
A) prokaryote 
B) eukaryote 
C) protist 
D) mitochondrion 
E) chloroplast

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the logic of scientific inquiry?

Accepted Answer

A) If I generate a testable hypothesis, tests and observations will support it. 
B) If my prediction is correct, it will lead to a testable hypothesis. 
C) If my observations are accurate, they will support my hypothesis. 
D) If my hypothesis is correct, I can expect certain test results. 
E) If my experiments are set up correctly, they will lead to a testable hypothesis. 
A) If I generate a testable hypothesis, tests and observations will support it. 
B) If my prediction is correct, it will lead to a testable hypothesis. 
C) If my observations are accurate, they will support my hypothesis. 
D) If my hypothesis is correct, I can expect certain test results. 
E) If my experiments are set up correctly, they will lead to a testable hypothesis.

Question 13

What does the observation that a whale's front flippers have the same bone structure as all mammalian forelimbs suggest?

Accepted Answer

A) All mammals descended from a common ancestor. 
B) Whales once walked on land. 
C) Whales show remarkable diversity. 
D) Land mammals originally came from the sea. 
E) There must have been land and aquatic ancestors that coevolved. 
A) All mammals descended from a common ancestor. 
B) Whales once walked on land. 
C) Whales show remarkable diversity. 
D) Land mammals originally came from the sea. 
E) There must have been land and aquatic ancestors that coevolved.

Question 14

Which of the following statements best distinguishes hypotheses from theories in science?

Accepted Answer

A) Theories are hypotheses that have been proved. 
B) Hypotheses are guesses; theories are correct answers. 
C) Hypotheses usually are relatively narrow in scope; theories have broad explanatory power. 
D) Hypotheses and theories are essentially the same thing. 
E) Theories are proved true; hypotheses are often falsified. 
A) Theories are hypotheses that have been proved. 
B) Hypotheses are guesses; theories are correct answers. 
C) Hypotheses usually are relatively narrow in scope; theories have broad explanatory power. 
D) Hypotheses and theories are essentially the same thing. 
E) Theories are proved true; hypotheses are often falsified.

Question 15

Use the following information to answer the questions below.
You are studying photosynthesis and its overall function and purpose.You choose to use several aquatic plants of the same species and divide them into two tanks.One tank is under a low light regime and the other a high light regime.You grow them in these conditions for several weeks and make observations.
-What is the logic above an example of?

Accepted Answer

A) inductive reasoning 
B) deductive reasoning 
C) making a prediction 
D) collecting data 
E) poor science 
A) inductive reasoning 
B) deductive reasoning 
C) making a prediction 
D) collecting data 
E) poor science

Question 16

Which of the following correctly describes a cell?

Accepted Answer

A) A cell is not able to perform all the functions of life. 
B) Cells may group together to form tissues but are not able to perform a specialized function until higher levels of structure. 
C) One example of a specialized tissue is a chloroplast. 
D) The cell is the fundamental unit of living organisms. 
E) There are 5 different types of molecules within a cell. 
A) A cell is not able to perform all the functions of life. 
B) Cells may group together to form tissues but are not able to perform a specialized function until higher levels of structure. 
C) One example of a specialized tissue is a chloroplast. 
D) The cell is the fundamental unit of living organisms. 
E) There are 5 different types of molecules within a cell.

Question 17

When the body's blood glucose level rises,the pancreas secretes insulin and,as a result,the blood glucose level declines.When the blood glucose level is low,the pancreas secretes glucagon and,as a result,the blood glucose level rises.What is this regulation of the blood glucose level the result of?

Accepted Answer

A) catalytic feedback 
B) positive feedback 
C) negative feedback 
D) bioinformatic regulation 
E) protein-protein interactions 
A) catalytic feedback 
B) positive feedback 
C) negative feedback 
D) bioinformatic regulation 
E) protein-protein interactions

Exam 1: Introduction: Evolution and Themes of Biology

Which of the following best describes the search for information and explanations of natural phenomena?

Which of the following best describes a model organism?

In what sense does the comment "the whole is greater than the sum of its parts" apply to biology?

Once labour begins in childbirth,contractions increase in intensity and frequency until delivery.The increasing labour contractions of childbirth are an example of which type of regulation?

Which of the following is not an observation or inference on which Darwin's theory of natural selection is based?

Which of these individuals is likely to be most successful in an evolutionary sense?

All the organisms on your campus make up which of the following?

Why are protists and bacteria grouped into different domains?

Why is a scientific topic best discussed by people of varying points of view,a variety of subdisciplines,and diverse cultures?

Use the following information to answer the questions below. -Figure B is which of the following?

Which of the following best describes the logic of scientific inquiry?

What does the observation that a whale's front flippers have the same bone structure as all mammalian forelimbs suggest?

Which of the following statements best distinguishes hypotheses from theories in science?

Which of the following correctly describes a cell?

When the body's blood glucose level rises,the pancreas secretes insulin and,as a result,the blood glucose level declines.When the blood glucose level is low,the pancreas secretes glucagon and,as a result,the blood glucose level rises.What is this regulation of the blood glucose level the result of?

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

DNA Tools and Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity II: The Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Plant Structure,Growth,and Development

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons,Synapses,and Signalling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behaviour

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

Conservation Biology and Global Change

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