Exam 14: How Do We Use Language Introduction

Grice proposed that in conversations speakers and listeners cooperate to make the conversation meaningful and purposeful. That is, we adhere to a:

Chambers, Tanenhaus, and Magnuson gave participants temporarily ambiguous sentences such as "Pour the egg in the bowl over the flour." The eggs in the scene could be in liquid form or whole. The results showed that the listeners:

In the question, "Does Boris ride a bicycle?" the speaker is trying to get the listener to do something, in this case answer the question or give information. According to Searle, this falls into which speech act category?

In the statement, "Boris-you´re fired for riding a bicycle!" the speaker is bringing about a new state of affairs. According to Searle, this falls into which speech act category?

During a conversation one speaker is making sounds ("hmm hmm"), words ("yep"), or gestures (e.g., nodding) to show that he or she is still listening, is understanding, or is agreeing. This is a form of:

Speaker A says something, speaker B has a turn, speaker A then has another turn, and so on. This is the aspect of conversation known as:

Be clear: avoid obscurity, ambiguity, wordiness, and disorder in your language. This is the maxim of:

Straightforward utterances, where the intention of the speaker is revealed in the words used, are called:

Filled pauses during a conversation indicate:

The illocutionary force of an utterance is:

In the English language what percentage of requests are indirect?

Make your contributions as informative as is required, but no more. This is the maxim of:

The perlocutionary force of an utterance is the:

In one experiment, speakers described simple objects (e.g., triangles) to other people. Some information was known only to the speakers (e.g., that there was also another, larger triangle in the scene concealed from the listeners) Wardlow Lane et al. called this:

In the statement, "I´m sorry to hear that Boris only rides a bicycle," the speaker wishes to reveal his or her psychological state. According to Searle, this falls into which speech act category?

Which of the following analyses was pioneered by ethnomethodologists, who examine social behavior in its natural setting, and aims to uncover the general properties of the organization of conversation without applying rules?

People´s recognition of speech can be influenced by the lip movements of the speaker. This is known as the:

Garrod and Anderson observed people cooperating in attempting to solve a computer-generated maze game. The pairs of speakers very quickly adopted similar forms of description-a phenomenon called:

According to Austin and Searle, every time we speak we are trying to get things done with our utterances. We perform: