Exam 9: Understanding Speech

During which task are participants asked to listen to speech where a sound is distorted (e.g., "boot" is changed to "poot"), and are also asked to detect these changes?

The point at which all the information about a word-phonological, semantic, syntactic, pragmatic-becomes available following its recognition is known as:

A word's initial sequence is common to that word and no other at its:

Even though there is variation in the way phonemes can sound, we rarely, if ever, notice these differences. We classify speech sounds as one phoneme or another. This phenomenon is known as the categorical perception of:

In which task did participants have to listen to continuous speech (which had deliberate mistakes in it-distorted sounds so that certain words were mispronounced), and had to repeat it back as they heard it, as quickly as possible?

In the cohort model, the stage of processing at which the semantic and syntactic properties of the chosen word are utilized-for example, integrating the word into a complete representation of the whole sentence-is called the:

Which position with regard to the role of context in recognition states that context cannot have an effect prior to word recognition; it can only contribute to the evaluation and integration of the output of lexical processing, not its generation?

Foss and Blank proposed a dual-code theory where speech processing employs:

Which model of speech perception proposes that the speech synthesizer models the articulatory apparatus and motor movements of the speaker, and effectively computes which motor movements would have been necessary to create the sounds?

In a study by Savin and Bever, participants were asked to respond as soon as they heard a particular unit, which was either a single phoneme or a syllable. They found that participants:

In the cohort model, the stage of processing at which the perceptual representation of a word is used to activate lexical items, thereby generating a candidate set of items, is called the:

What technique necessitates participants listening to speech over headphones, while simultaneously looking at a computer screen to perform a lexical decision task in response to visually presented words?

In the technique known as selective adaptation:

Semantic context is based on:

Which interactive model of spoken word recognition emphasizes the role of top-down processing (context) on word recognition (lexical context can directly assist acoustic-perceptual processing, and information above the word level can directly influence word processing)?

During word identification, after the listener has isolated a word candidate he or she then continues to monitor the sensory input until some level of confidence is reached; this is called the:

Participants are willing to put a sound into a category they would not otherwise choose if the result makes a word: "kiss" is a word, "giss" is not, and this influences our categorical perception of the ambiguous phoneme. This is known as a:

In the study in which participants were presented with sentences where a phoneme had been cut out and replaced with a cough, the results showed that the participants:

At which of the following stages of identification does activation continue to accumulate until one lexical entry is selected, resulting in word recognition?

We do not gather information about only one phoneme at any one time; we are provided with some information about the surrounding sounds, a feature known as: