Question 1

Bandura's approach to therapy emphasizes

Accepted Answer

A)  mastery experiences. 
B)  conditioning processes. 
C)  rational discussion. 
D)  cognitive restructuring. 
A)  mastery experiences. 
B)  conditioning processes. 
C)  rational discussion. 
D)  cognitive restructuring.

Question 2

Research by Bandura and his colleagues that investigated the effectiveness of various therapy techniques for treating snake phobias found that the most powerful treatment for these phobias is

Accepted Answer

A)  psychoanalytic (Freudian) therapy 
B)  systematic desensitization 
C)  operant conditioning (a token economy program). 
D)  live modeling with participation (participant modeling). 
A)  psychoanalytic (Freudian) therapy 
B)  systematic desensitization 
C)  operant conditioning (a token economy program). 
D)  live modeling with participation (participant modeling).

Question 3

Self-verification and self-enhancement are

Accepted Answer

A)  beliefs. 
B)  motives. 
C)  social structures. 
D)  cultural variations. 
A)  beliefs. 
B)  motives. 
C)  social structures. 
D)  cultural variations.

Question 4

Research on gender differences and self-schemas suggests that

Accepted Answer

A)  self-schemas are inherited. 
B)  self-schemas are the product of evolutionary forces. 
C)  self-schemas are determined by early life experiences. 
D)  self-schemas are influenced by social norms about gender. 
A)  self-schemas are inherited. 
B)  self-schemas are the product of evolutionary forces. 
C)  self-schemas are determined by early life experiences. 
D)  self-schemas are influenced by social norms about gender.

Question 5

According to Lazarus, the concept of stress

Accepted Answer

A)  involves cognitions concerning the self. 
B)  involves cognitions concerning potential harms. 
C)  both (a) and (b). 
D)  neither (a) nor (b). 
A)  involves cognitions concerning the self. 
B)  involves cognitions concerning potential harms. 
C)  both (a) and (b). 
D)  neither (a) nor (b).

Question 6

According to research, people who have _____________beliefs concerning emotion should be better at regulating emotions than those with ___________beliefs, because they tend to be more likely to experience social support.

Accepted Answer

A)  entity; incremental 
B)  self-efficacy; incremental 
C)  incremental; entity 
D)  self-efficacy; entity 
A)  entity; incremental 
B)  self-efficacy; incremental 
C)  incremental; entity 
D)  self-efficacy; entity

Question 7

According to Markus, self-schemas

Accepted Answer

A)  determine how we evaluate others. 
B)  make the accessing of self-relevant information difficult. 
C)  facilitate attention to what is not self-relevant. 
D)  influence what we can recall. 
A)  determine how we evaluate others. 
B)  make the accessing of self-relevant information difficult. 
C)  facilitate attention to what is not self-relevant. 
D)  influence what we can recall.

Question 8

Self-guides are similar to Bandura's

Accepted Answer

A)  self-efficacy beliefs. 
B)  cognitive competencies. 
C)  standards. 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  self-efficacy beliefs. 
B)  cognitive competencies. 
C)  standards. 
D)  all of the above.

Question 9

Bandura finds that the most effective treatment for phobias is systematic desensitization.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Beck's cognitive triad is similar to Ellis' emphasis on irrational beliefs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Research and anecdotal evidence indicates that perfectionism is highly adaptive.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

People tend to make judgments _____________ when the judgment is related to a personality attribute for which they are schematic.

Accepted Answer

A)  more quickly 
B)  very slowly 
C)  defensively 
D)  anxiously 
A)  more quickly 
B)  very slowly 
C)  defensively 
D)  anxiously

Question 13

Bandura's research shows that therapy effects are mediated by changes in self-efficacy beliefs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Markus, in her research on self-schemas, relied upon ___________ methods.

Accepted Answer

A)  projective 
B)  peer report 
C)  five-factor 
D)  reaction-time 
A)  projective 
B)  peer report 
C)  five-factor 
D)  reaction-time

Question 15

Work by the psychologist Tory Higgins on self-concept, self-discrepancies, and emotion indicates that people tend to feel ______ when they experience a discrepancy between the _______________.

Accepted Answer

A)  anxious; actual and ought self 
B)  depressed; actual and ought self 
C)  anxious; actual and ideal self 
D)  depressed; ideal and ought self 
A)  anxious; actual and ought self 
B)  depressed; actual and ought self 
C)  anxious; actual and ideal self 
D)  depressed; ideal and ought self

Question 16

Cognitive structures concerning the self are known as

Accepted Answer

A)  self-schemas. 
B)  ego structure. 
C)  both (a) and (b). 
D)  neither (a) nor (b). 
A)  self-schemas. 
B)  ego structure. 
C)  both (a) and (b). 
D)  neither (a) nor (b).

Question 17

People can put into words all the information in their schemas.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The best way of increasing self-efficacy is by

Accepted Answer

A)  talking to a therapist. 
B)  convincing oneself. 
C)  thinking of past successes. 
D)  mastery experiences. 
A)  talking to a therapist. 
B)  convincing oneself. 
C)  thinking of past successes. 
D)  mastery experiences.

Question 19

Meichenbaum's approach has much in common with that of

Accepted Answer

A)  Kelly. 
B)  Freud. 
C)  Rogers. 
D)  Eysenck. 
A)  Kelly. 
B)  Freud. 
C)  Rogers. 
D)  Eysenck.

Question 20

Which reflects Higgins' theory of self-guides?

Accepted Answer

A)  actual-ought discrepancy->depression 
B)  actual-ought discrepancy->anxiety 
C)  actual-ideal discrepancy->anxiety 
D)  all of the above 
A)  actual-ought discrepancy->depression 
B)  actual-ought discrepancy->anxiety 
C)  actual-ideal discrepancy->anxiety 
D)  all of the above

Bandura's approach to therapy emphasizes

Research by Bandura and his colleagues that investigated the effectiveness of various therapy techniques for treating snake phobias found that the most powerful treatment for these phobias is

Self-verification and self-enhancement are

Research on gender differences and self-schemas suggests that

According to Lazarus, the concept of stress

According to research, people who have ___beliefs concerning emotion should be better at regulating emotions than those with _beliefs, because they tend to be more likely to experience social support.

According to Markus, self-schemas

Self-guides are similar to Bandura's

Bandura finds that the most effective treatment for phobias is systematic desensitization.

Beck's cognitive triad is similar to Ellis' emphasis on irrational beliefs.

Research and anecdotal evidence indicates that perfectionism is highly adaptive.

People tend to make judgments _____________ when the judgment is related to a personality attribute for which they are schematic.

Bandura's research shows that therapy effects are mediated by changes in self-efficacy beliefs.

Markus, in her research on self-schemas, relied upon ___________ methods.

Work by the psychologist Tory Higgins on self-concept, self-discrepancies, and emotion indicates that people tend to feel when they experience a discrepancy between the _________.

Cognitive structures concerning the self are known as

People can put into words all the information in their schemas.

The best way of increasing self-efficacy is by

Meichenbaum's approach has much in common with that of

Which reflects Higgins' theory of self-guides?

Personality Theory: From Everyday Observations to Systematic Theories

The Scientific Study of People

A Psychodynamic Theory: Freuds Psychoanalytic Theory of Personality

Freuds Psychodynamic Theory: Applications, Related Theoretical Conceptions, and Contemporary Research

A Phenomenological Theory: Carl Rogers Person-Centered Theory of Personality

A Phenomenological Theory - Applications and Evaluation of Rogers Theory

Trait Approaches to Personality - Allport, Eyesneck and Cattell

Trait Theory: the Five-Factor Model: Applications and Evaluation of the Trait Approach

Biological Foundations of Personality

Behaviorism and the Learning Approaches to Personality

A Cognitive Theory of Personality: George a Kellys Personal Construct Theory of Personality

Social Cognitive Theory: Bandura and Mischel

Personality in Context: Interpersonal Relations, Culture, and Development Across the Course of Life

An Overview of Personality Theory, Assessment, and Research

Filters

Exam 13: Social-Cognitive Theory: Extensions, Applications, and Evaluation

Bandura's approach to therapy emphasizes

Research by Bandura and his colleagues that investigated the effectiveness of various therapy techniques for treating snake phobias found that the most powerful treatment for these phobias is

Self-verification and self-enhancement are

Research on gender differences and self-schemas suggests that

According to Lazarus, the concept of stress

According to research, people who have _____________beliefs concerning emotion should be better at regulating emotions than those with ___________beliefs, because they tend to be more likely to experience social support.

According to Markus, self-schemas

Self-guides are similar to Bandura's

Bandura finds that the most effective treatment for phobias is systematic desensitization.

Beck's cognitive triad is similar to Ellis' emphasis on irrational beliefs.

Research and anecdotal evidence indicates that perfectionism is highly adaptive.

People tend to make judgments _____________ when the judgment is related to a personality attribute for which they are schematic.

Bandura's research shows that therapy effects are mediated by changes in self-efficacy beliefs.

Markus, in her research on self-schemas, relied upon ___________ methods.

Work by the psychologist Tory Higgins on self-concept, self-discrepancies, and emotion indicates that people tend to feel ______ when they experience a discrepancy between the _______________.

Cognitive structures concerning the self are known as

People can put into words all the information in their schemas.

The best way of increasing self-efficacy is by

Meichenbaum's approach has much in common with that of

Which reflects Higgins' theory of self-guides?

Personality Theory: From Everyday Observations to Systematic Theories

The Scientific Study of People

A Psychodynamic Theory: Freuds Psychoanalytic Theory of Personality

Freuds Psychodynamic Theory: Applications, Related Theoretical Conceptions, and Contemporary Research

A Phenomenological Theory: Carl Rogers Person-Centered Theory of Personality

A Phenomenological Theory - Applications and Evaluation of Rogers Theory

Trait Approaches to Personality - Allport, Eyesneck and Cattell

Trait Theory: the Five-Factor Model: Applications and Evaluation of the Trait Approach

Biological Foundations of Personality

Behaviorism and the Learning Approaches to Personality

A Cognitive Theory of Personality: George a Kellys Personal Construct Theory of Personality

Social Cognitive Theory: Bandura and Mischel

Personality in Context: Interpersonal Relations, Culture, and Development Across the Course of Life

An Overview of Personality Theory, Assessment, and Research

Filters

According to research, people who have ___beliefs concerning emotion should be better at regulating emotions than those with _beliefs, because they tend to be more likely to experience social support.

Work by the psychologist Tory Higgins on self-concept, self-discrepancies, and emotion indicates that people tend to feel when they experience a discrepancy between the _________.