Question 1

What is the difference between the selection of representative participants versus selecting representative records?

Accepted Answer

A record is some portion of the data fro

Question 2

What happens in a cumulative graph when (a) no responses are recorded for a series of days and (b) if a new result is zero.

Accepted Answer

In a cumulative graph, successive data p

Question 3

Not all data are worthy of _________.

Accepted Answer

A)  collection 
B)  analysis 
C)  accumulation 
D)  recording 
A)  collection 
B)  analysis 
C)  accumulation 
D)  recording

Question 4

When displaying time on the horizontal axis, why is it important to represent time continuously?

Accepted Answer

Time is a continuous dimension, and a pa

Question 5

Describe the main problems with summarizing behavioral data.

Accepted Answer

Summarizing data can simultaneously reve

Question 6

Why is it especially important to view the experimenter's actions from a behavioral perspective when considering data analysis?

Accepted Answer

Viewing data analysis as a stimulus cont

Question 7

The more an analytical technique changes the picture of the behavioral results as they actually happened, the greater the risk the interpretations are swayed more by the ________ than by ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  data; results 
B)  results; individual 
C)  technique; results 
D)  results; data 
A)  data; results 
B)  results; individual 
C)  technique; results 
D)  results; data

Question 8

In general, it is a good idea for data analysis to proceed from ______ techniques to ______ procedures.

Accepted Answer

A)  More complex; relatively simple 
B)  Statistical; graphical 
C)  Relatively simple; more complex 
D)  Repeated measures; multiple baseline 
A)  More complex; relatively simple 
B)  Statistical; graphical 
C)  Relatively simple; more complex 
D)  Repeated measures; multiple baseline

Question 9

Describe the two rules for what to do graphically if there are no data for a particular day.

Accepted Answer

No chance days refer to days on which th

Question 10

All of the following are acceptable reasons for discarding data, except:

Accepted Answer

A)  the equipment being used to measure responding malfunctioned 
B)  the participant was sick 
C)  the independent variable was not presented as originally intended 
D)  the investigator does not agree with what the data are indicating 
A)  the equipment being used to measure responding malfunctioned 
B)  the participant was sick 
C)  the independent variable was not presented as originally intended 
D)  the investigator does not agree with what the data are indicating

Question 11

When should data be discarded?

Accepted Answer

A)  When the data do not support the researcher's original hypothesis of how responding should appear 
B)  When data are known to violate basic standards of measurement or are not collected under intended conditions 
C)  When the data do not provide a clear understanding of why the specific target behavior is occurring 
D)  Data should never be discarded 
A)  When the data do not support the researcher's original hypothesis of how responding should appear 
B)  When data are known to violate basic standards of measurement or are not collected under intended conditions 
C)  When the data do not provide a clear understanding of why the specific target behavior is occurring 
D)  Data should never be discarded

Question 12

When deciding what unit of time to use on the horizontal axis, the investigator should select:

Accepted Answer

A)  the largest unit of time likely to show systematic variability 
B)  the unit of time that has been used most frequently by similar studies 
C)  the smallest unit of time likely to show systematic variability 
D)  the highest and lowest values in the data set and take their average 
A)  the largest unit of time likely to show systematic variability 
B)  the unit of time that has been used most frequently by similar studies 
C)  the smallest unit of time likely to show systematic variability 
D)  the highest and lowest values in the data set and take their average

Question 13

In an attempt to avoid biases and preconceptions, an analytical style known as ______ may be used to focus on discovering order and structure in the data.

Accepted Answer

A)  Exploratory data analysis 
B)  Confirmatory data analysis 
C)  Linear analysis 
D)  Logarithmic analysis 
A)  Exploratory data analysis 
B)  Confirmatory data analysis 
C)  Linear analysis 
D)  Logarithmic analysis

Question 14

Why is it a problem to delay analytical efforts until data collection is complete?

Accepted Answer

This approach would not permit any oppor

Question 15

Describe how data are often "the only source of information available about a participant's actions"?

Accepted Answer

Once each response has been measured, th

Question 16

A collation of data across participants should not occur until:

Accepted Answer

A)  data collection has been completed 
B)  any data that is not representative has been discarded 
C)  the data analysis on each individual's responding is complete 
D)  the interobserver agreement score is at an acceptable level 
A)  data collection has been completed 
B)  any data that is not representative has been discarded 
C)  the data analysis on each individual's responding is complete 
D)  the interobserver agreement score is at an acceptable level

Question 17

In behavioral research, what do the horizontal and vertical axes usually represent?

Accepted Answer

In behavioral research, the horizontal a

Question 18

Researchers should begin data analysis:

Accepted Answer

A)  once they have finished collecting all of the data 
B)  once interobserver agreement is at an acceptable level 
C)  after each phase of the study is completed 
D)  as soon as there are data to analyze 
A)  once they have finished collecting all of the data 
B)  once interobserver agreement is at an acceptable level 
C)  after each phase of the study is completed 
D)  as soon as there are data to analyze

Question 19

Summarizing data within participants may occur in which two ways?

Accepted Answer

A)  The investigator may summarize data over periods of time or across studies 
B)  The investigator may summarize data across environmental variables or over periods of time 
C)  The investigator may summarize data across participants or environmental variables 
D)  The investigator may summarize data over periods of time or across participants 
A)  The investigator may summarize data over periods of time or across studies 
B)  The investigator may summarize data across environmental variables or over periods of time 
C)  The investigator may summarize data across participants or environmental variables 
D)  The investigator may summarize data over periods of time or across participants

Question 20

Why is it okay or even useful to summarize data within participants but problematic to summarize data across participants?

Accepted Answer

Summarizing data within participants can

What is the difference between the selection of representative participants versus selecting representative records?

What happens in a cumulative graph when (a) no responses are recorded for a series of days and (b) if a new result is zero.

Not all data are worthy of _________.

When displaying time on the horizontal axis, why is it important to represent time continuously?

Describe the main problems with summarizing behavioral data.

Why is it especially important to view the experimenter's actions from a behavioral perspective when considering data analysis?

The more an analytical technique changes the picture of the behavioral results as they actually happened, the greater the risk the interpretations are swayed more by the __ than by .

In general, it is a good idea for data analysis to proceed from techniques to procedures.

Describe the two rules for what to do graphically if there are no data for a particular day.

All of the following are acceptable reasons for discarding data, except:

When should data be discarded?

When deciding what unit of time to use on the horizontal axis, the investigator should select:

In an attempt to avoid biases and preconceptions, an analytical style known as ______ may be used to focus on discovering order and structure in the data.

Why is it a problem to delay analytical efforts until data collection is complete?

Describe how data are often "the only source of information available about a participant's actions"?

A collation of data across participants should not occur until:

In behavioral research, what do the horizontal and vertical axes usually represent?

Researchers should begin data analysis:

Summarizing data within participants may occur in which two ways?

Why is it okay or even useful to summarize data within participants but problematic to summarize data across participants?

Discovery in Research and Practice

Behavior As a Scientific and Practical Subject Matter

Asking Questions: What Do You Want to Know

Selecting and Defining Target Behaviors

Dimensions of Behavior and Units of Measurement

Observing and Recording

Behavior Analytic Assessment

Assessing Measurement

Behavioral Variability

Steady States and Transitions

Designing Behavioral Comparisons

Single Baseline Designs

Multiple Baseline Designs

Group Research Design and Statistical Analyses

Interpreting Research and Practical Projects

Behavior Analysis Research Methods

Filters

Exam 14: Graphical Analysis of Behavioral Data

What is the difference between the selection of representative participants versus selecting representative records?

What happens in a cumulative graph when (a) no responses are recorded for a series of days and (b) if a new result is zero.

Not all data are worthy of _________.

When displaying time on the horizontal axis, why is it important to represent time continuously?

Describe the main problems with summarizing behavioral data.

Why is it especially important to view the experimenter's actions from a behavioral perspective when considering data analysis?

The more an analytical technique changes the picture of the behavioral results as they actually happened, the greater the risk the interpretations are swayed more by the ________ than by ______.

In general, it is a good idea for data analysis to proceed from ______ techniques to ______ procedures.

Describe the two rules for what to do graphically if there are no data for a particular day.

All of the following are acceptable reasons for discarding data, except:

When should data be discarded?

When deciding what unit of time to use on the horizontal axis, the investigator should select:

In an attempt to avoid biases and preconceptions, an analytical style known as ______ may be used to focus on discovering order and structure in the data.

Why is it a problem to delay analytical efforts until data collection is complete?

Describe how data are often "the only source of information available about a participant's actions"?

A collation of data across participants should not occur until:

In behavioral research, what do the horizontal and vertical axes usually represent?

Researchers should begin data analysis:

Summarizing data within participants may occur in which two ways?

Why is it okay or even useful to summarize data within participants but problematic to summarize data across participants?

Discovery in Research and Practice

Behavior As a Scientific and Practical Subject Matter

Asking Questions: What Do You Want to Know

Selecting and Defining Target Behaviors

Dimensions of Behavior and Units of Measurement

Observing and Recording

Behavior Analytic Assessment

Assessing Measurement

Behavioral Variability

Steady States and Transitions

Designing Behavioral Comparisons

Single Baseline Designs

Multiple Baseline Designs

Group Research Design and Statistical Analyses

Interpreting Research and Practical Projects

Behavior Analysis Research Methods

Filters

The more an analytical technique changes the picture of the behavioral results as they actually happened, the greater the risk the interpretations are swayed more by the __ than by .

In general, it is a good idea for data analysis to proceed from techniques to procedures.