Question 1

Follow-up research on Piaget's preoperational stage indicates that most 4-year-olds understand:

Accepted Answer

A)  abstract concepts. 
B)  mental strategies. 
C)  that language can be used to solve problems. 
D)  that inanimate objects are not alive. 
A)  abstract concepts. 
B)  mental strategies. 
C)  that language can be used to solve problems. 
D)  that inanimate objects are not alive.

Question 2

Ajee, who was adopted from Kenya at the age of 6, experienced chronic malnutrition from birth until the time of her adoption. Ajee is at-risk for:

Accepted Answer

A)  severe hearing and vision problems. 
B)  early pubertal maturation. 
C)  cognitive deficits. 
D)  autism. 
A)  severe hearing and vision problems. 
B)  early pubertal maturation. 
C)  cognitive deficits. 
D)  autism.

Question 3

Research on Head Start shows that the program:

Accepted Answer

A)  improves children's cognitive performance. 
B)  undermines efforts at parent involvement. 
C)  improves children's IQ scores by 15 to 20 points. 
D)  is less effective than traditional preschool programs. 
A)  improves children's cognitive performance. 
B)  undermines efforts at parent involvement. 
C)  improves children's IQ scores by 15 to 20 points. 
D)  is less effective than traditional preschool programs.

Question 4

The primary goal of welfare-to-work programs is to improve children's academic and social functioning.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Children's performance on false belief tasks is closely related with _____ development.

Accepted Answer

A)  identity 
B)  motor 
C)  moral 
D)  language 
A)  identity 
B)  motor 
C)  moral 
D)  language

Question 6

By age ___, children from low socioeconomic backgrounds score lower on standardized tests of cognitive ability.

Accepted Answer

A)  2 
B)  4 
C)  6 
D)  8 
A)  2 
B)  4 
C)  6 
D)  8

Question 7

Overall, _______ are more affected by family income than are _________.

Accepted Answer

A)  preschool-age girls; preschool-age boys 
B)  preschool- and school-age children; adolescents 
C)  verbal ability and achievement; mental health and problem behaviors 
D)  mental health and problem behaviors; verbal ability and achievement 
A)  preschool-age girls; preschool-age boys 
B)  preschool- and school-age children; adolescents 
C)  verbal ability and achievement; mental health and problem behaviors 
D)  mental health and problem behaviors; verbal ability and achievement

Question 8

According to Vygotsky's sociocultural theory, scaffolding occurs in formal educational settings, as well as informal settings in which a partner adjusts his or her interactional style to fit the needs of a child.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Mariah is 5 years old. Which of the following statements about Mariah is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mariah is not yet capable of understanding that two people can believe different things. 
B)  Mariah will use advanced memory strategies to solve false belief tasks. 
C)  Mariah is aware that she and other people can hold false beliefs. 
D)  Mariah understands that she can hold false beliefs but does not yet apply this knowledge to other people. 
A)  Mariah is not yet capable of understanding that two people can believe different things. 
B)  Mariah will use advanced memory strategies to solve false belief tasks. 
C)  Mariah is aware that she and other people can hold false beliefs. 
D)  Mariah understands that she can hold false beliefs but does not yet apply this knowledge to other people.

Question 10

According to the cognitive-developmental perspective, moral behavior is acquired through reinforcement and modeling.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Children's understanding of the mind:

Accepted Answer

A)  emerges in a universal sequence of stages. 
B)  is largely complete by age 5. 
C)  varies by culture. 
D)  emerges in middle childhood. 
A)  emerges in a universal sequence of stages. 
B)  is largely complete by age 5. 
C)  varies by culture. 
D)  emerges in middle childhood.

Question 12

Why are certain fine motor skills, such as those required to tie shoelaces, challenging for many young children?

Accepted Answer

Many fine motor skills can be difficult

Question 13

Most children in developed nations:

Accepted Answer

A)  do not eat enough calories for healthy development. 
B)  eat enough calories but often do not get enough vitamins or minerals. 
C)  get enough vitamins and minerals but often do not eat enough calories. 
D)  suffer from mild to moderate malnutrition. 
A)  do not eat enough calories for healthy development. 
B)  eat enough calories but often do not get enough vitamins or minerals. 
C)  get enough vitamins and minerals but often do not eat enough calories. 
D)  suffer from mild to moderate malnutrition.

Question 14

Using grammatical rules too stringently is known as overregularization errors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Created in 1965 by the federal government, _________ was designed to provide economically disadvantaged children with nutritional, health, and educational services during their early years.

Accepted Answer

A)  Project Head Start 
B)  Montessori Preschool 
C)  the Perry Preschool Project 
D)  the Carolina Abecedarian Project 
A)  Project Head Start 
B)  Montessori Preschool 
C)  the Perry Preschool Project 
D)  the Carolina Abecedarian Project

Question 16

When speaking, young children tend to leave out words like:

Accepted Answer

A)  a and the. 
B)  I and you. 
C)  mommy and daddy. 
D)  red and black. 
A)  a and the. 
B)  I and you. 
C)  mommy and daddy. 
D)  red and black.

Question 17

By age 3, children understand that a child who wants a treat will be happy upon receiving one and sad upon not.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

In academically-oriented preschools where instruction is heavily and rigidly emphasized, children often demonstrate signs of stress, such as rocking and avoiding challenging tasks.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

____ memory is the ability to generate a memory of a stimulus encountered before without seeing it again.

Accepted Answer

A)  Episodic 
B)  Recognition 
C)  Recall 
D)  Autobiographical 
A)  Episodic 
B)  Recognition 
C)  Recall 
D)  Autobiographical

Question 20

From ages 2 through 6, the average child grows ____ inches taller.

Accepted Answer

A)  1 to 2 
B)  2 to 3 
C)  4 to 5 
D)  6 to 7 
A)  1 to 2 
B)  2 to 3 
C)  4 to 5 
D)  6 to 7

Follow-up research on Piaget's preoperational stage indicates that most 4-year-olds understand:

Ajee, who was adopted from Kenya at the age of 6, experienced chronic malnutrition from birth until the time of her adoption. Ajee is at-risk for:

Research on Head Start shows that the program:

The primary goal of welfare-to-work programs is to improve children's academic and social functioning.

Children's performance on false belief tasks is closely related with _____ development.

By age ___, children from low socioeconomic backgrounds score lower on standardized tests of cognitive ability.

Overall, _ are more affected by family income than are ___.

According to Vygotsky's sociocultural theory, scaffolding occurs in formal educational settings, as well as informal settings in which a partner adjusts his or her interactional style to fit the needs of a child.

Mariah is 5 years old. Which of the following statements about Mariah is true?

According to the cognitive-developmental perspective, moral behavior is acquired through reinforcement and modeling.

Children's understanding of the mind:

Why are certain fine motor skills, such as those required to tie shoelaces, challenging for many young children?

Most children in developed nations:

Using grammatical rules too stringently is known as overregularization errors.

Created in 1965 by the federal government, _________ was designed to provide economically disadvantaged children with nutritional, health, and educational services during their early years.

When speaking, young children tend to leave out words like:

By age 3, children understand that a child who wants a treat will be happy upon receiving one and sad upon not.

In academically-oriented preschools where instruction is heavily and rigidly emphasized, children often demonstrate signs of stress, such as rocking and avoiding challenging tasks.

____ memory is the ability to generate a memory of a stimulus encountered before without seeing it again.

From ages 2 through 6, the average child grows ____ inches taller.

Understanding Human Development: Approaches and Theories

Biological and Environmental Foundations

The Prenatal Period, Birth, and the Newborn

Physical Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Cognitive Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Socioemotional Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Socioemotional Development in Early Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Socioemotional Development in Middle Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Socioemotional Development in Adolescence

Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Adulthood

Socioemotional Development in Early Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Adulthood

Socioemotional Development in Middle Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Late Adulthood

Socioemotional Development in Late Adulthood and the End of Life

Filters

Exam 7: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Follow-up research on Piaget's preoperational stage indicates that most 4-year-olds understand:

Ajee, who was adopted from Kenya at the age of 6, experienced chronic malnutrition from birth until the time of her adoption. Ajee is at-risk for:

Research on Head Start shows that the program:

The primary goal of welfare-to-work programs is to improve children's academic and social functioning.

Children's performance on false belief tasks is closely related with _____ development.

By age ___, children from low socioeconomic backgrounds score lower on standardized tests of cognitive ability.

Overall, _______ are more affected by family income than are _________.

According to Vygotsky's sociocultural theory, scaffolding occurs in formal educational settings, as well as informal settings in which a partner adjusts his or her interactional style to fit the needs of a child.

Mariah is 5 years old. Which of the following statements about Mariah is true?

According to the cognitive-developmental perspective, moral behavior is acquired through reinforcement and modeling.

Children's understanding of the mind:

Why are certain fine motor skills, such as those required to tie shoelaces, challenging for many young children?

Most children in developed nations:

Using grammatical rules too stringently is known as overregularization errors.

Created in 1965 by the federal government, _________ was designed to provide economically disadvantaged children with nutritional, health, and educational services during their early years.

When speaking, young children tend to leave out words like:

By age 3, children understand that a child who wants a treat will be happy upon receiving one and sad upon not.

In academically-oriented preschools where instruction is heavily and rigidly emphasized, children often demonstrate signs of stress, such as rocking and avoiding challenging tasks.

____ memory is the ability to generate a memory of a stimulus encountered before without seeing it again.

From ages 2 through 6, the average child grows ____ inches taller.

Understanding Human Development: Approaches and Theories

Biological and Environmental Foundations

The Prenatal Period, Birth, and the Newborn

Physical Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Cognitive Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Socioemotional Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Socioemotional Development in Early Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Socioemotional Development in Middle Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Socioemotional Development in Adolescence

Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Adulthood

Socioemotional Development in Early Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Adulthood

Socioemotional Development in Middle Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Late Adulthood

Socioemotional Development in Late Adulthood and the End of Life

Filters

Overall, _ are more affected by family income than are ___.