Exam 7: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Coordinating complex movements, such as those required to ride a bike, is challenging for young children as it requires controlling multiple limbs, balancing, and more.

Shelly often serves her young children cereal for breakfast. What should Shelly know about cereals marketed to children?

By age 2, most children can recall information for a year or longer.

Although young children understand that reversing a process can undo it and restore it to the original state, they tend to solve problems by focusing on appearances rather than transformations.

_____ refers to the process of the hemispheres of the brain becoming specialized to carry out different functions.

Effective scaffolding works within __________, the gap between the child's competence level, what he can do alone, and what he can do with assistance.

Lack of ______ accounts for a large proportion of the effects of family income on young children's cognitive outcomes.

Which of the following is not a common dietary deficiency of the preschool years?

Pierce tends to assume that new words are labels for unfamiliar objects. This strategy is referred to as ________.

Danica is capable of preoperational reasoning. According to Piaget's cognitive developmental perspective, Danica is between the ages of ___ and ___.

When 3-year-old Aaron takes his sister's doll away, she begins to cry. After being scolded by his father, Aaron insists that he didn't do anything to make his sister cry. Aaron's inability to understand why his sister is upset is an example of _____.

______ refers to the tendency to focus on one part of a stimulus or situation and exclude all others.

Research on plasticity suggests that the human brain is not prepared to handle all of the experiences that we encounter.

Which of the following words would be most challenging for young children?

The goal of _______ programs is to increase a mother's self-sufficiency by reducing such barriers as child care, enhancing education and literacy, and providing job training.

According to brain-based educators, the brain:

Intervention programs that have lasting effects:

In Western cultures, mothers rarely engage in scaffolding behaviors.

Follow-up research on the effectiveness of Project Head Start shows that compared to peers who do not attend, participants show no lasting benefits.

______ is/are especially likely to facilitate young children's language development.