Question 1

Consider the histogram below. Which of the following statements is necessarily true?

Accepted Answer

A)  If the data in this histogram were to be displayed in a stem-and-leaf plot, there would be 3 leaves in the first row of the plot. 
B)  The median of this data set lies between 15 and 20. 
C)  The histogram contains less information about the original data than if the data were represented in a stem-and-leaf plot. 
D)  There are two means in the data set. 
A)  If the data in this histogram were to be displayed in a stem-and-leaf plot, there would be 3 leaves in the first row of the plot. 
B)  The median of this data set lies between 15 and 20. 
C)  The histogram contains less information about the original data than if the data were represented in a stem-and-leaf plot. 
D)  There are two means in the data set. B

Question 2

Why should a power analysis be done while designing the study (i.e., before data collection)?

Accepted Answer

A)  A power analysis will allow you to select the most appropriate alpha level for the study depending on your sample size. 
B)  A power analysis will tell you what effect size you should aim for in the data. 
C)  A power analysis will prevent misuse of the p value by putting the focus on confidence intervals instead. 
D)  A power analysis will let you know what sample size you need to have a good chance of detecting an effect if it exists. 
A)  A power analysis will allow you to select the most appropriate alpha level for the study depending on your sample size. 
B)  A power analysis will tell you what effect size you should aim for in the data. 
C)  A power analysis will prevent misuse of the p value by putting the focus on confidence intervals instead. 
D)  A power analysis will let you know what sample size you need to have a good chance of detecting an effect if it exists. D

Question 3

Cramer's V is a correlation-like measure of the association between two categorical variables.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

It is possible to compute the correlation of a binary variable and a continuous variable.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Box-and-whisker plots are most suited for displaying ordinal data.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

When comparing two studies measuring the same phenomenon, the study with a statistical power of 0.5 is more likely to ________________________ than the study with a statistical power of 0.8.

Accepted Answer

A)  result in a Type II error 
B)  give you a more precise estimate of the effect 
C)  produce a statistically significant finding 
D)  result in a Type I error 
A)  result in a Type II error 
B)  give you a more precise estimate of the effect 
C)  produce a statistically significant finding 
D)  result in a Type I error

Question 7

Which of the following piece(s) of information is/are available from a stem-and-leaf plot?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mean only 
B)  Mean and mode only 
C)  Mean, median and mode 
D)  Mean and median only 
A)  Mean only 
B)  Mean and mode only 
C)  Mean, median and mode 
D)  Mean and median only

Question 8

The p value measures…

Accepted Answer

A)  the probability of the null hypothesis being true given the results that were observed. 
B)  the probability of not obtaining a statistically significant result if the experiment were repeated. 
C)  the probability that the obtained result could have occurred by chance. 
D)  the probability of obtaining a result as extreme as the data if the null hypothesis were true. 
A)  the probability of the null hypothesis being true given the results that were observed. 
B)  the probability of not obtaining a statistically significant result if the experiment were repeated. 
C)  the probability that the obtained result could have occurred by chance. 
D)  the probability of obtaining a result as extreme as the data if the null hypothesis were true.

Question 9

Once you have calculated statistical power, you can calculate the probability of a Type II error without needing any additional information from the data.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The sampling distribution of a mean with sample size 40 has the same spread as the sampling distribution of a mean with sample size 30.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

To be able to conduct a power analysis while designing a study, you first need to have an idea of the size of the effect that you are studying.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Jessica wants to ensure that her study has sufficient statistical power so that she has a good chance of rejecting the null hypothesis in the event that it is actually false. She would like to reduce the chances of a:

Accepted Answer

A)  Type I error. 
B)  Type II error. 
C)  Standard error. 
D)  p value error. 
A)  Type I error. 
B)  Type II error. 
C)  Standard error. 
D)  p value error.

Question 13

Outliers are not displayed in a box-and-whisker plot.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Cohen's d is seen as advantageous over calculating the difference in means of two groups as a measure of effect size because:

Accepted Answer

A)  Cohen's d can be interpreted with respect to the standard deviation. 
B)  Cohen's d is more likely to obtain an effect that is statistically significant. 
C)  Cohen's d is a more reliable calculation of effect size. 
D)  Cohen's d is more easily calculated. 
A)  Cohen's d can be interpreted with respect to the standard deviation. 
B)  Cohen's d is more likely to obtain an effect that is statistically significant. 
C)  Cohen's d is a more reliable calculation of effect size. 
D)  Cohen's d is more easily calculated.

Question 15

The central limit theorem states that:

Accepted Answer

A)  even with populations that have dramatically non-normal distributions, the sampling distributions of the mean will be increasingly normal in shape as sample sizes increase. 
B)  the sampling distributions of the mean will reflect the shape of the underlying population, such that normally distributed samples can be assumed to come from a normally distributed population. 
C)  the sampling distributions of the mean will reflect the shape of the underlying population only for large sample sizes, such that populations with drastically non-normal distributions will yield sampling distributions that are normal for small to moderate sample sizes. 
D)  even with populations that have dramatically non-normal distributions, the sampling distributions of the mean will be increasingly normal in shape as sample sizes decrease. 
A)  even with populations that have dramatically non-normal distributions, the sampling distributions of the mean will be increasingly normal in shape as sample sizes increase. 
B)  the sampling distributions of the mean will reflect the shape of the underlying population, such that normally distributed samples can be assumed to come from a normally distributed population. 
C)  the sampling distributions of the mean will reflect the shape of the underlying population only for large sample sizes, such that populations with drastically non-normal distributions will yield sampling distributions that are normal for small to moderate sample sizes. 
D)  even with populations that have dramatically non-normal distributions, the sampling distributions of the mean will be increasingly normal in shape as sample sizes decrease.

Question 16

Phoebe has analyzed her data under the null hypothesis significance testing (NHST) framework and found a p value of 0.06 and a Cohen's d of 0.5. Explain what this result means.

Accepted Answer

The finding is not statistically signifi

Question 17

In a box-and-whisker plot, the box itself represents the…

Accepted Answer

A)  interquartile range. 
B)  mean. 
C)  mode. 
D)  entire data set. 
A)  interquartile range. 
B)  mean. 
C)  mode. 
D)  entire data set.

Question 18

Cohen's d is an unstandardized measure of effect size.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

A histogram displays the frequency of data that fall within pre-defined ranges.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The sampling distribution of means with a sample size of 1000 obtained from a population with a trimodal distribution (i.e., three modes) will…

Accepted Answer

A)  be trimodal. 
B)  be bimodal. 
C)  be unimodal. 
D)  not have a mode. 
A)  be trimodal. 
B)  be bimodal. 
C)  be unimodal. 
D)  not have a mode.

Consider the histogram below. Which of the following statements is necessarily true?

Why should a power analysis be done while designing the study (i.e., before data collection)?

Cramer's V is a correlation-like measure of the association between two categorical variables.

It is possible to compute the correlation of a binary variable and a continuous variable.

Box-and-whisker plots are most suited for displaying ordinal data.

When comparing two studies measuring the same phenomenon, the study with a statistical power of 0.5 is more likely to ________________________ than the study with a statistical power of 0.8.

Which of the following piece(s) of information is/are available from a stem-and-leaf plot?

The p value measures…

Once you have calculated statistical power, you can calculate the probability of a Type II error without needing any additional information from the data.

The sampling distribution of a mean with sample size 40 has the same spread as the sampling distribution of a mean with sample size 30.

To be able to conduct a power analysis while designing a study, you first need to have an idea of the size of the effect that you are studying.

Jessica wants to ensure that her study has sufficient statistical power so that she has a good chance of rejecting the null hypothesis in the event that it is actually false. She would like to reduce the chances of a:

Outliers are not displayed in a box-and-whisker plot.

Cohen's d is seen as advantageous over calculating the difference in means of two groups as a measure of effect size because:

The central limit theorem states that:

Phoebe has analyzed her data under the null hypothesis significance testing (NHST) framework and found a p value of 0.06 and a Cohen's d of 0.5. Explain what this result means.

In a box-and-whisker plot, the box itself represents the…

Cohen's d is an unstandardized measure of effect size.

A histogram displays the frequency of data that fall within pre-defined ranges.

The sampling distribution of means with a sample size of 1000 obtained from a population with a trimodal distribution (i.e., three modes) will…

Introduction to Research Methods

The Ethical Imperative

Negotiating the Institutional Review Board Process

Starting Your Research

Focusing Your Question and Choosing a Design

Developing Your Research Protocol

Survey and Interview Approaches

Experimental Designs

Variations on Experimental Designs

Observation, Case Studies, Archival Research, and Meta-Analysis

Neuroscience Methods

Research Over Age and Time

Analyzing Your Data II: Specific Approaches

Writing up Your Results

Publishing Your Research

Filters

Exam 13: Analyzing Your Data I: an Overview

Consider the histogram below. Which of the following statements is necessarily true?

Why should a power analysis be done while designing the study (i.e., before data collection)?

Cramer's V is a correlation-like measure of the association between two categorical variables.

It is possible to compute the correlation of a binary variable and a continuous variable.

Box-and-whisker plots are most suited for displaying ordinal data.

When comparing two studies measuring the same phenomenon, the study with a statistical power of 0.5 is more likely to ________________________ than the study with a statistical power of 0.8.

Which of the following piece(s) of information is/are available from a stem-and-leaf plot?

The p value measures…

Once you have calculated statistical power, you can calculate the probability of a Type II error without needing any additional information from the data.

The sampling distribution of a mean with sample size 40 has the same spread as the sampling distribution of a mean with sample size 30.

To be able to conduct a power analysis while designing a study, you first need to have an idea of the size of the effect that you are studying.

Jessica wants to ensure that her study has sufficient statistical power so that she has a good chance of rejecting the null hypothesis in the event that it is actually false. She would like to reduce the chances of a:

Outliers are not displayed in a box-and-whisker plot.

Cohen's d is seen as advantageous over calculating the difference in means of two groups as a measure of effect size because:

The central limit theorem states that:

Phoebe has analyzed her data under the null hypothesis significance testing (NHST) framework and found a p value of 0.06 and a Cohen's d of 0.5. Explain what this result means.

In a box-and-whisker plot, the box itself represents the…

Cohen's d is an unstandardized measure of effect size.

A histogram displays the frequency of data that fall within pre-defined ranges.

The sampling distribution of means with a sample size of 1000 obtained from a population with a trimodal distribution (i.e., three modes) will…

Introduction to Research Methods

The Ethical Imperative

Negotiating the Institutional Review Board Process

Starting Your Research

Focusing Your Question and Choosing a Design

Developing Your Research Protocol

Survey and Interview Approaches

Experimental Designs

Variations on Experimental Designs

Observation, Case Studies, Archival Research, and Meta-Analysis

Neuroscience Methods

Research Over Age and Time

Analyzing Your Data II: Specific Approaches

Writing up Your Results

Publishing Your Research

Filters