Question 1

People who hold the minority viewpoint will more successfully change the views of those in the majority if they present themselves as members of the out-group.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Decisions made by groups that reach a consensus are often more accurate than decisions made by group members who do not agree.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Which of the following statements provides an explanation for group polarization?

Accepted Answer

A)  Group members are more likely to be persuaded by novel arguments that support their position. 
B)  People who take time to express their views are found to be more persuasive than those who express their views faster. 
C)  A single group member who repeats their argument 3 times is more convincing than 3 people who voice the same opinion. 
D)  Information presented later in a discussion is more compelling than information presented at the beginning. 
A)  Group members are more likely to be persuaded by novel arguments that support their position. 
B)  People who take time to express their views are found to be more persuasive than those who express their views faster. 
C)  A single group member who repeats their argument 3 times is more convincing than 3 people who voice the same opinion. 
D)  Information presented later in a discussion is more compelling than information presented at the beginning.

Question 4

Members of a jury are deliberating over a verdict. At the end of the first day, the jury is 11-to-1 in favor of a guilty verdict. What is likely to happen during the second day of deliberations?

Accepted Answer

During the second day of deliberations,

Question 5

When people feel uncertain, they are more likely to conform.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Dissent by those who hold the minority viewpoint often causes systematic processing in the majority group.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

A recently-formed student group is trying to reach consensus on a group activity, but one of the members refuses to agree with the majority. According to the study by Schachter (1951), what is likely to happen in this case?

Accepted Answer

A)  The students in the majority will spend a great deal of time trying to persuade the lone dissenter to change his view. 
B)  The students will ignore the lone dissenter. 
C)  The students will try to exclude the lone dissenter from the group. 
D)  All of the above 
A)  The students in the majority will spend a great deal of time trying to persuade the lone dissenter to change his view. 
B)  The students will ignore the lone dissenter. 
C)  The students will try to exclude the lone dissenter from the group. 
D)  All of the above

Question 8

People will conform to the behavior of others, even when the behavior is obviously incorrect.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Research on jury decision-making shows that, more often than not, juries reach a final verdict that:

Accepted Answer

A)  Reflects the original opinion held by a majority of the members. 
B)  Reflects a compromise among the dissenting opinions. 
C)  Is less extreme than any of the individual's opinions on their own. 
D)  Reflects the original opinion of a vocal minority. 
A)  Reflects the original opinion held by a majority of the members. 
B)  Reflects a compromise among the dissenting opinions. 
C)  Is less extreme than any of the individual's opinions on their own. 
D)  Reflects the original opinion of a vocal minority.

Question 10

Imagine that you are trying to market a new brand of potato chips. Use what you know about the reference group effect in food preference to increase sales of this chip to college students.

Accepted Answer

If you are trying to use the reference g

Question 11

Which of the following is the best example of informational influence?

Accepted Answer

A)  Jill listens to the same kind of music that her sorority sisters do because she wants to fit in with them. 
B)  Meghan agrees with what her new coworkers say about her boss because she wants them to like her. 
C)  Amy decides to start a low-carb diet because the dieticians from her weight loss group recommended that she do so. 
D)  When she is with them, Anna agrees with her family about where to go on their next vacation, but then when she's alone again she changes her mind. 
A)  Jill listens to the same kind of music that her sorority sisters do because she wants to fit in with them. 
B)  Meghan agrees with what her new coworkers say about her boss because she wants them to like her. 
C)  Amy decides to start a low-carb diet because the dieticians from her weight loss group recommended that she do so. 
D)  When she is with them, Anna agrees with her family about where to go on their next vacation, but then when she's alone again she changes her mind.

Question 12

There is a vacancy for a new psychology professor at a local university. The majority of the faculty on the search committee want to hire Candidate A, but there is a small minority of the faculty who want to hire Candidate B. In which of the following situations is the minority viewpoint most likely to influence the majority viewpoint?

Accepted Answer

A)  When the minority group members are from the physics department and when they initially agreed that they should hire Candidate A, but then changed their preference to Candidate B. 
B)  When the minority group members are also from the psychology department and when they initially agreed that they should hire Candidate A, but then changed their preference to Candidate B. 
C)  When the minority group members are from the physics department and when they believed from the start that they should hire Candidate B. 
D)  When the minority group members are also from the psychology department and when they believed from the start that they should hire Candidate B. 
A)  When the minority group members are from the physics department and when they initially agreed that they should hire Candidate A, but then changed their preference to Candidate B. 
B)  When the minority group members are also from the psychology department and when they initially agreed that they should hire Candidate A, but then changed their preference to Candidate B. 
C)  When the minority group members are from the physics department and when they believed from the start that they should hire Candidate B. 
D)  When the minority group members are also from the psychology department and when they believed from the start that they should hire Candidate B.

Question 13

Imagine that you are the leader of a campus group who has been asked by a professor to explore whether your university should adopt an honor code. First, what is groupthink and when is it most likely to influence the decisions made by a group? Second, how could you make sure that groupthink does not influence the decision made by your group?

Accepted Answer

Groupthink occurs when group decision ma

Question 14

Participants in a study by Axsom, Yates and Chaiken (1987) listened to a speech and then were asked whether they agreed with the arguments presented in the speech or not. While listening to the speech, half of the participants heard the audience applaud the speaker and half of the students heard mixed reaction (some cheers, some jeers) from the audience. In addition, some of the participants heard weak arguments and some heard strong. The results showed that:

Accepted Answer

A)  When participants were motivated to pay attention, they were more likely to agree with the arguments when they heard the audience cheer during the speech. 
B)  When participants were not motivated to pay attention, they were more likely to agree when the speaker made weak arguments and they heard the audience cheer. 
C)  Regardless of motivation, participants were more likely to agree when the speaker made strong arguments as opposed to weak arguments. 
D)  Regardless of motivation, participants were more likely to agree with the arguments when they heard the audience cheer. 
A)  When participants were motivated to pay attention, they were more likely to agree with the arguments when they heard the audience cheer during the speech. 
B)  When participants were not motivated to pay attention, they were more likely to agree when the speaker made weak arguments and they heard the audience cheer. 
C)  Regardless of motivation, participants were more likely to agree when the speaker made strong arguments as opposed to weak arguments. 
D)  Regardless of motivation, participants were more likely to agree with the arguments when they heard the audience cheer.

Question 15

Participants in a study by Kassin and Keichel (1996) were accused of pressing the wrong button on the keyboard and crashing the computer. The results of this study showed which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Participants were most likely to believe that they were guilty when they had been working quickly and when a confederate said they pressed the button. 
B)  Participants were most likely to believe they were guilty when they had been working slowly and a confederate said they saw nothing. 
C)  Participants did not admit guilt unless they actually pressed the wrong button. 
D)  Some of the participants publically admitted their guilt, but no participant privately accepted their guilt. 
A)  Participants were most likely to believe that they were guilty when they had been working quickly and when a confederate said they pressed the button. 
B)  Participants were most likely to believe they were guilty when they had been working slowly and a confederate said they saw nothing. 
C)  Participants did not admit guilt unless they actually pressed the wrong button. 
D)  Some of the participants publically admitted their guilt, but no participant privately accepted their guilt.

Question 16

Maggie knows that, in order to get good grades, she should study 2 hours for every credit hour she takes. This knowledge of what she should do is known as a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  Descriptive social norm 
B)  Injunctive social norm 
C)  Informational social norm 
D)  Normative social norm 
A)  Descriptive social norm 
B)  Injunctive social norm 
C)  Informational social norm 
D)  Normative social norm

Question 17

To ensure that groupthink does not influence the decisions made by a group, what should be done?

Accepted Answer

A)  Members should be asked to state their opinions publicly. 
B)  Members of the group should be as similar as possible. 
C)  Members should be asked to play ""devil's advocate."" 
D)  The group leader should play a large role in the discussions. 
A)  Members should be asked to state their opinions publicly. 
B)  Members of the group should be as similar as possible. 
C)  Members should be asked to play ""devil's advocate."" 
D)  The group leader should play a large role in the discussions.

Question 18

Systematic processing makes group polarization even more likely.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Explain how culture influences people's likelihood of conforming.

Accepted Answer

Compared to individualist cultures, conf

Question 20

Which of the following characteristics will lead a group to be more at risk of groupthink?

Accepted Answer

A)  When the members engage in self-censorship 
B)  When group members are very similar 
C)  When leaders express their opinions. 
D)  All of the above 
A)  When the members engage in self-censorship 
B)  When group members are very similar 
C)  When leaders express their opinions. 
D)  All of the above

People who hold the minority viewpoint will more successfully change the views of those in the majority if they present themselves as members of the out-group.

Decisions made by groups that reach a consensus are often more accurate than decisions made by group members who do not agree.

Which of the following statements provides an explanation for group polarization?

Members of a jury are deliberating over a verdict. At the end of the first day, the jury is 11-to-1 in favor of a guilty verdict. What is likely to happen during the second day of deliberations?

When people feel uncertain, they are more likely to conform.

Dissent by those who hold the minority viewpoint often causes systematic processing in the majority group.

A recently-formed student group is trying to reach consensus on a group activity, but one of the members refuses to agree with the majority. According to the study by Schachter (1951), what is likely to happen in this case?

People will conform to the behavior of others, even when the behavior is obviously incorrect.

Research on jury decision-making shows that, more often than not, juries reach a final verdict that:

Imagine that you are trying to market a new brand of potato chips. Use what you know about the reference group effect in food preference to increase sales of this chip to college students.

Which of the following is the best example of informational influence?

Participants in a study by Kassin and Keichel (1996) were accused of pressing the wrong button on the keyboard and crashing the computer. The results of this study showed which of the following?

Maggie knows that, in order to get good grades, she should study 2 hours for every credit hour she takes. This knowledge of what she should do is known as a(n):

To ensure that groupthink does not influence the decisions made by a group, what should be done?

Systematic processing makes group polarization even more likely.

Explain how culture influences people's likelihood of conforming.

Which of the following characteristics will lead a group to be more at risk of groupthink?

What Is Social Psychology

Asking and Answering Research Questions

Perceiving Individuals

The Self

Perceiving Groups

Social Identity

Attitudes and Attitude Change

Attitudes and Behavior

Norms and Behavior

Interaction and Performance in Groups

Attraction, Relationships, and Love

Aggression and Conflict

Helping and Cooperation

Filters

Exam 9: Norms and Conformity

People who hold the minority viewpoint will more successfully change the views of those in the majority if they present themselves as members of the out-group.

Decisions made by groups that reach a consensus are often more accurate than decisions made by group members who do not agree.

Which of the following statements provides an explanation for group polarization?

Members of a jury are deliberating over a verdict. At the end of the first day, the jury is 11-to-1 in favor of a guilty verdict. What is likely to happen during the second day of deliberations?

When people feel uncertain, they are more likely to conform.

Dissent by those who hold the minority viewpoint often causes systematic processing in the majority group.

A recently-formed student group is trying to reach consensus on a group activity, but one of the members refuses to agree with the majority. According to the study by Schachter (1951), what is likely to happen in this case?

People will conform to the behavior of others, even when the behavior is obviously incorrect.

Research on jury decision-making shows that, more often than not, juries reach a final verdict that:

Imagine that you are trying to market a new brand of potato chips. Use what you know about the reference group effect in food preference to increase sales of this chip to college students.

Which of the following is the best example of informational influence?

Participants in a study by Kassin and Keichel (1996) were accused of pressing the wrong button on the keyboard and crashing the computer. The results of this study showed which of the following?

Maggie knows that, in order to get good grades, she should study 2 hours for every credit hour she takes. This knowledge of what she should do is known as a(n):

To ensure that groupthink does not influence the decisions made by a group, what should be done?

Systematic processing makes group polarization even more likely.

Explain how culture influences people's likelihood of conforming.

Which of the following characteristics will lead a group to be more at risk of groupthink?

What Is Social Psychology

Asking and Answering Research Questions

Perceiving Individuals

The Self

Perceiving Groups

Social Identity

Attitudes and Attitude Change

Attitudes and Behavior

Norms and Behavior

Interaction and Performance in Groups

Attraction, Relationships, and Love

Aggression and Conflict

Helping and Cooperation

Filters