Question 1

Which of the following is a social dilemma?

Accepted Answer

A)  Neighbors working together to negotiate who will repair a broken fence. 
B)  An individual who likes to smoke on his lunch break even though his friends disapprove. 
C)  Villagers who must share the fresh water in the town's only well, or else it will go dry. 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Neighbors working together to negotiate who will repair a broken fence. 
B)  An individual who likes to smoke on his lunch break even though his friends disapprove. 
C)  Villagers who must share the fresh water in the town's only well, or else it will go dry. 
D)  All of the above C

Question 2

How do perceptions of deservingness influence who receives help and who does not? Describe one group of people who perceivers should believe are deserving of help and one group of people who should be perceived as less deserving of help.

Accepted Answer

In terms of deservingness, people are more likely to help those in need when those others are perceived as needing help due to uncontrollable causes (e.g., such as the elderly and disabled) In contrast, when people are perceived to have somehow caused their predicament, they are less likely to receive help (e.g., welfare recipients)

Question 3

Gene is on his way to work early one morning when he sees a car overturned in a field. He assumes that someone else must have already called the police, and so he doesn't pull over to investigate. Based on this example, Gene did not help because of:

Accepted Answer

A)  Diffusion of responsibility 
B)  Negative-state relief 
C)  Pluralistic ignorance 
D)  Demand characteristics 
A)  Diffusion of responsibility 
B)  Negative-state relief 
C)  Pluralistic ignorance 
D)  Demand characteristics A

Question 4

According to evolutionary theory, in which of the following situations is the prosocial behavior (on some level) driven by the motivation to pass on one's genes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Kyle puts his life at risk to push his son out of the way of an oncoming vehicle. 
B)  Ashley lets her friend borrow $50 until her next paycheck comes in. 
C)  When deciding who to let into their fraternity, the brothers decide to invite Derek rather than Miles, because Derek helped one of the brothers fix his car. 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Kyle puts his life at risk to push his son out of the way of an oncoming vehicle. 
B)  Ashley lets her friend borrow $50 until her next paycheck comes in. 
C)  When deciding who to let into their fraternity, the brothers decide to invite Derek rather than Miles, because Derek helped one of the brothers fix his car. 
D)  All of the above

Question 5

When asking people to make charitable donations, it's better to have them think about multiple victims, rather than just one.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Compared to men, women are more likely to help in emergency situations.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Batson and his colleagues (1981) conducted a study in which another participant named Elaine (who was afraid of electricity) received mild electric shocks. In which condition were participants most willing to trade places with Elaine?

Accepted Answer

A)  When they felt empathy toward her. 
B)  When the participants wanted to alleviate their own personal distress. 
C)  When it was easy for the participants to leave the experiment. 
D)  When they learned that Elaine was very different from them. 
A)  When they felt empathy toward her. 
B)  When the participants wanted to alleviate their own personal distress. 
C)  When it was easy for the participants to leave the experiment. 
D)  When they learned that Elaine was very different from them.

Question 8

Research on the relation between empathy and helping has shown all but which of the following results?

Accepted Answer

A)  People who had previously made eye contact with an experimenter were more likely to help her later, as opposed to strangers who had never met her before. 
B)  People can be trained to be more compassionate. 
C)  People are more likely to help those who subtly mimic them. 
D)  People donate less money when they consider one victim as opposed to many victims. 
A)  People who had previously made eye contact with an experimenter were more likely to help her later, as opposed to strangers who had never met her before. 
B)  People can be trained to be more compassionate. 
C)  People are more likely to help those who subtly mimic them. 
D)  People donate less money when they consider one victim as opposed to many victims.

Question 9

Studies of people who heroically rescued Jews during the Third Reich showed that these individuals tended to be more empathic than others.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which of the following statements about helping is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Group norms influence who is perceived as deserving of help. 
B)  The norm of social responsibility suggests that people have an obligation to help the less fortunate. 
C)  In some cultures, even the most valuable resources are freely shared. 
D)  People are more likely to help those who are in need because of controllable, rather than uncontrollable, reasons. 
A)  Group norms influence who is perceived as deserving of help. 
B)  The norm of social responsibility suggests that people have an obligation to help the less fortunate. 
C)  In some cultures, even the most valuable resources are freely shared. 
D)  People are more likely to help those who are in need because of controllable, rather than uncontrollable, reasons.

Question 11

Based on the study by Shotland and Straw (1976) in which a physical attack was staged between a man and a woman, what should a woman shout out if she is being attacked by a stranger?

Accepted Answer

A)  Help me! 
B)  Fire! 
C)  I don't know why I ever married you! 
D)  I don't know you! 
A)  Help me! 
B)  Fire! 
C)  I don't know why I ever married you! 
D)  I don't know you!

Question 12

According to research by Eagly and Crowley (1986), men are more likely to help in _______ whereas women help more often in _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  relationships; emergency situations 
B)  emergency situations; relationships 
C)  more costly ways; less costly ways 
D)  less costly ways; more costly ways 
A)  relationships; emergency situations 
B)  emergency situations; relationships 
C)  more costly ways; less costly ways 
D)  less costly ways; more costly ways

Question 13

Research by Darley and Latane attributed the 1964 murder of Kitty Genovese to which of the following factors?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bystander apathy 
B)  Diffusion of responsibility 
C)  The fact that no bystanders were present 
D)  Pluralistic ignorance 
A)  Bystander apathy 
B)  Diffusion of responsibility 
C)  The fact that no bystanders were present 
D)  Pluralistic ignorance

Question 14

According to the research described in your text, who should be happiest after spending money?

Accepted Answer

A)  People who spent $10, rather than $5, on themselves. 
B)  People who spent $10, rather than $5, on someone else. 
C)  People who bought a bag of candy and then anonymously donated it to a sick child. 
D)  All of the above 
A)  People who spent $10, rather than $5, on themselves. 
B)  People who spent $10, rather than $5, on someone else. 
C)  People who bought a bag of candy and then anonymously donated it to a sick child. 
D)  All of the above

Question 15

In certain cultures, people who cooperate in social dilemmas are punished and free riders are not.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

According to evolutionary theory, what are 3 reasons why people help others even when they may incur some personal costs for helping?

Accepted Answer

The biggest motivator of any behavior is

Question 17

According to your text, which of the following is an effective way to prevent people from following their individual interests when faced with a public goods dilemma?

Accepted Answer

A)  Reward those who cooperate 
B)  Fine those who do not cooperate 
C)  Make people pay taxes that will cover the cost of the provided good. 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Reward those who cooperate 
B)  Fine those who do not cooperate 
C)  Make people pay taxes that will cover the cost of the provided good. 
D)  All of the above

Question 18

In a study by Latane and Darley (1968), participants filled out paperwork in a waiting room when, all of a sudden, smoke started pouring into the room. Participants in only one of the conditions reliably reported the smoke. What explanation was given to explain the failure of participants in the other conditions to also report the smoke?

Accepted Answer

A)  The participants assumed someone else had reported the smoke. 
B)  The participants used the reactions of the two other 'participants' to infer that the situation was not an emergency. 
C)  The participants in the other conditions were heavy smokers and therefore desensitized to the presence of smoke. 
D)  All of the above 
A)  The participants assumed someone else had reported the smoke. 
B)  The participants used the reactions of the two other 'participants' to infer that the situation was not an emergency. 
C)  The participants in the other conditions were heavy smokers and therefore desensitized to the presence of smoke. 
D)  All of the above

Question 19

Two friends, Jonah and Pete, are discussing whether true altruism really exists. Jonah believes that altruism does exist and uses the example of a volunteer firefighter rushing into a burning building to save a woman trapped in a third story apartment. Pete argues that this action is not true altruism. Briefly describe 2 models that have been used to understand helping behavior and discuss how each model would explain these actions by a volunteer firefighter.

Accepted Answer

The empathy-altruism model posits that t

Question 20

People often use the reactions of others to determine if a situation is an emergency and if they should offer help.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Which of the following is a social dilemma?

How do perceptions of deservingness influence who receives help and who does not? Describe one group of people who perceivers should believe are deserving of help and one group of people who should be perceived as less deserving of help.

Gene is on his way to work early one morning when he sees a car overturned in a field. He assumes that someone else must have already called the police, and so he doesn't pull over to investigate. Based on this example, Gene did not help because of:

According to evolutionary theory, in which of the following situations is the prosocial behavior (on some level) driven by the motivation to pass on one's genes?

When asking people to make charitable donations, it's better to have them think about multiple victims, rather than just one.

Compared to men, women are more likely to help in emergency situations.

Batson and his colleagues (1981) conducted a study in which another participant named Elaine (who was afraid of electricity) received mild electric shocks. In which condition were participants most willing to trade places with Elaine?

Research on the relation between empathy and helping has shown all but which of the following results?

Studies of people who heroically rescued Jews during the Third Reich showed that these individuals tended to be more empathic than others.

Which of the following statements about helping is false?

Based on the study by Shotland and Straw (1976) in which a physical attack was staged between a man and a woman, what should a woman shout out if she is being attacked by a stranger?

According to research by Eagly and Crowley (1986), men are more likely to help in _ whereas women help more often in _.

Research by Darley and Latane attributed the 1964 murder of Kitty Genovese to which of the following factors?

According to the research described in your text, who should be happiest after spending money?

In certain cultures, people who cooperate in social dilemmas are punished and free riders are not.

According to evolutionary theory, what are 3 reasons why people help others even when they may incur some personal costs for helping?

According to your text, which of the following is an effective way to prevent people from following their individual interests when faced with a public goods dilemma?

People often use the reactions of others to determine if a situation is an emergency and if they should offer help.

What Is Social Psychology

Asking and Answering Research Questions

Perceiving Individuals

The Self

Perceiving Groups

Social Identity

Attitudes and Attitude Change

Attitudes and Behavior

Norms and Conformity

Norms and Behavior

Interaction and Performance in Groups

Attraction, Relationships, and Love

Aggression and Conflict

Filters

Exam 14: Helping and Cooperation

Which of the following is a social dilemma?

How do perceptions of deservingness influence who receives help and who does not? Describe one group of people who perceivers should believe are deserving of help and one group of people who should be perceived as less deserving of help.

Gene is on his way to work early one morning when he sees a car overturned in a field. He assumes that someone else must have already called the police, and so he doesn't pull over to investigate. Based on this example, Gene did not help because of:

According to evolutionary theory, in which of the following situations is the prosocial behavior (on some level) driven by the motivation to pass on one's genes?

When asking people to make charitable donations, it's better to have them think about multiple victims, rather than just one.

Compared to men, women are more likely to help in emergency situations.

Batson and his colleagues (1981) conducted a study in which another participant named Elaine (who was afraid of electricity) received mild electric shocks. In which condition were participants most willing to trade places with Elaine?

Research on the relation between empathy and helping has shown all but which of the following results?

Studies of people who heroically rescued Jews during the Third Reich showed that these individuals tended to be more empathic than others.

Which of the following statements about helping is false?

Based on the study by Shotland and Straw (1976) in which a physical attack was staged between a man and a woman, what should a woman shout out if she is being attacked by a stranger?

According to research by Eagly and Crowley (1986), men are more likely to help in _______ whereas women help more often in _______.

Research by Darley and Latane attributed the 1964 murder of Kitty Genovese to which of the following factors?

According to the research described in your text, who should be happiest after spending money?

In certain cultures, people who cooperate in social dilemmas are punished and free riders are not.

According to evolutionary theory, what are 3 reasons why people help others even when they may incur some personal costs for helping?

According to your text, which of the following is an effective way to prevent people from following their individual interests when faced with a public goods dilemma?

People often use the reactions of others to determine if a situation is an emergency and if they should offer help.

What Is Social Psychology

Asking and Answering Research Questions

Perceiving Individuals

The Self

Perceiving Groups

Social Identity

Attitudes and Attitude Change

Attitudes and Behavior

Norms and Conformity

Norms and Behavior

Interaction and Performance in Groups

Attraction, Relationships, and Love

Aggression and Conflict

Filters

According to research by Eagly and Crowley (1986), men are more likely to help in _ whereas women help more often in _.