Question 1

Delinquent gangs are

Accepted Answer

A) fluid, with most members leaving the gang within four years 
B)  stable, with most members remaining in the gang for fear of retaliation 
C)  not as common as the media and police portray 
D)  easily defined 
E)  comprised of psychopaths 
A) fluid, with most members leaving the gang within four years 
B)  stable, with most members remaining in the gang for fear of retaliation 
C)  not as common as the media and police portray 
D)  easily defined 
E)  comprised of psychopaths A

Question 2

Procriminal attitudes

Accepted Answer

A)  constitute a static risk factor 
B) constitute a dynamic risk factor 
C)  once learned, are difficult to change 
D)  are difficult to measure 
E)  are learned through gang involvement 
A)  constitute a static risk factor 
B) constitute a dynamic risk factor 
C)  once learned, are difficult to change 
D)  are difficult to measure 
E)  are learned through gang involvement B

Question 3

The peer group of the delinquent encourages deviant behavior by

Accepted Answer

A)  ignoring deviant behavior 
B)  punishing prosocial behavior 
C)  reinforcing prosocial behavior and ignoring criminal behavior 
D) reinforcing criminal behavior and punishing prosocial behavior 
E)  modeling prosocial behavior 
A)  ignoring deviant behavior 
B)  punishing prosocial behavior 
C)  reinforcing prosocial behavior and ignoring criminal behavior 
D) reinforcing criminal behavior and punishing prosocial behavior 
E)  modeling prosocial behavior D

Question 4

That criminal behavior is positively correlated with having delinquent friends is predicted from

Accepted Answer

A)  anomie theory 
B)  labeling theory 
C)  limited opportunities 
D) differential association 
E)  conflict theory 
A)  anomie theory 
B)  labeling theory 
C)  limited opportunities 
D) differential association 
E)  conflict theory

Question 5

Families with poor relationships and structuring skills may affect the child's

Accepted Answer

A)  self-esteem 
B)  ability to cope with everyday problems 
C)  relationships with prosocial friends 
D)  involvement with delinquents 
E) all of the above 
A)  self-esteem 
B)  ability to cope with everyday problems 
C)  relationships with prosocial friends 
D)  involvement with delinquents 
E) all of the above

Question 6

The three main stages in Kohlberg's theory of moral development are

Accepted Answer

A) preconventional, conventional, principled 
B)  immature, autonomous, mature 
C)  immoral, moral, independent 
D)  immature, conflicted, committed 
E)  immature, immoral, moral 
A) preconventional, conventional, principled 
B)  immature, autonomous, mature 
C)  immoral, moral, independent 
D)  immature, conflicted, committed 
E)  immature, immoral, moral

Question 7

An example of the procriminal attitude, Identification with Criminal Others, includes

Accepted Answer

A) Miller's focal concerns 
B)  Sykes and Matza's techniques of neutralization 
C)  rejecting social convention 
D)  "a hungry man has the right to steal" or "he was insured" 
E)  Bandura et al.'s (1996) exonerating mechanisms 
A) Miller's focal concerns 
B)  Sykes and Matza's techniques of neutralization 
C)  rejecting social convention 
D)  "a hungry man has the right to steal" or "he was insured" 
E)  Bandura et al.'s (1996) exonerating mechanisms

Question 8

The attitude-behavior link is influenced by

Accepted Answer

A) social expectations to behave in accordance with the attitude 
B) a "difficult" temperament 
C) accessibility of the attitude 
D) a and c only 
E) all of the above 
A) social expectations to behave in accordance with the attitude 
B) a "difficult" temperament 
C) accessibility of the attitude 
D) a and c only 
E) all of the above

Question 9

Learning to rationalize breaking the law

Accepted Answer

A)  is inadvertently encouraged by society 
B)  helps to avoid punishment 
C)  provides a motive for criminal behavior 
D)  allows the individual to control his or her own behavior 
E) all of the above 
A)  is inadvertently encouraged by society 
B)  helps to avoid punishment 
C)  provides a motive for criminal behavior 
D)  allows the individual to control his or her own behavior 
E) all of the above

Question 10

Subcultural theories suggest that gangs provide a means for obtaining material goods and

Accepted Answer

A)  can obtain a better price for drugs by buying in bulk 
B)  fill emotional gaps in their lives because of the absence of a parent 
C) expressing anger toward middle-class values 
D)  displace aggression onto themselves 
E)  an opportunity to "talk out" problems 
A)  can obtain a better price for drugs by buying in bulk 
B)  fill emotional gaps in their lives because of the absence of a parent 
C) expressing anger toward middle-class values 
D)  displace aggression onto themselves 
E)  an opportunity to "talk out" problems

Question 11

Gang Resistance Education and Training (GREAT)

Accepted Answer

A)  is a school-based prevention program 
B)  has police officers delivering the program rather than teachers 
C)  tries to teach youths to resist peer pressure and build self-control 
D)  a and c only 
E) all of the above 
A)  is a school-based prevention program 
B)  has police officers delivering the program rather than teachers 
C)  tries to teach youths to resist peer pressure and build self-control 
D)  a and c only 
E) all of the above

Question 12

An Antisocial Personality Pattern

Accepted Answer

A) predisposes one to associate with delinquents 
B)  isolates one from delinquent subgroups because of the unpredictability associated with the personality 
C)  is neutral with respect to delinquent associations 
D)  is less likely than psychopathy among delinquent gangs 
E)  is highly associated with violent gangs 
A) predisposes one to associate with delinquents 
B)  isolates one from delinquent subgroups because of the unpredictability associated with the personality 
C)  is neutral with respect to delinquent associations 
D)  is less likely than psychopathy among delinquent gangs 
E)  is highly associated with violent gangs

Question 13

The Criminal Sentiments Scale measures

Accepted Answer

A)  Identification with Criminal Others 
B)  Neutralizations 
C)  Rejection of Convention 
D)  b and c only 
E) all of the above 
A)  Identification with Criminal Others 
B)  Neutralizations 
C)  Rejection of Convention 
D)  b and c only 
E) all of the above

Delinquent gangs are

Procriminal attitudes

The peer group of the delinquent encourages deviant behavior by

That criminal behavior is positively correlated with having delinquent friends is predicted from

Families with poor relationships and structuring skills may affect the child's

The three main stages in Kohlberg's theory of moral development are

An example of the procriminal attitude, Identification with Criminal Others, includes

The attitude-behavior link is influenced by

Learning to rationalize breaking the law

Subcultural theories suggest that gangs provide a means for obtaining material goods and

Gang Resistance Education and Training (GREAT)

An Antisocial Personality Pattern

The Criminal Sentiments Scale measures

An Overview of the Psychology of Criminal Conduct

The Empirical Basis to the Psychology of Criminal Conduct

From Criminology Theories to a Psychological Perspective of Criminal Conduct

The Biological Basis of Criminal Behavior

Antisocial Personality Pattern

The Person in Social Context: Family, Marital, School, Work, Leisurerecreation, and Neighborhood

Substance Abuse

The Risk-Need-Responsivity Model of Offender Assessment and Treatment

Prediction of Criminal Behavior and Classification of Offenders

Offender Rehabilitation

Creating and Maintaining Rnr Adherence: a Real-World Challenge

The Failed Experiment: Getting Tough on Crime

Criminal Subtypes: Intimate Partner Violence, the Mentally Disordered, and Sex Offenders

A General Personality and Cognitive Social Learning Perspective of Criminal Conduct: Summary and Conclusions

Filters

Exam 6: The Role of Procriminal Associates and Attitudes in Criminal Conduct

Delinquent gangs are

Procriminal attitudes

The peer group of the delinquent encourages deviant behavior by

That criminal behavior is positively correlated with having delinquent friends is predicted from

Families with poor relationships and structuring skills may affect the child's

The three main stages in Kohlberg's theory of moral development are

An example of the procriminal attitude, Identification with Criminal Others, includes

The attitude-behavior link is influenced by

Learning to rationalize breaking the law

Subcultural theories suggest that gangs provide a means for obtaining material goods and

Gang Resistance Education and Training (GREAT)

An Antisocial Personality Pattern

The Criminal Sentiments Scale measures

An Overview of the Psychology of Criminal Conduct

The Empirical Basis to the Psychology of Criminal Conduct

From Criminology Theories to a Psychological Perspective of Criminal Conduct

The Biological Basis of Criminal Behavior

Antisocial Personality Pattern

The Person in Social Context: Family, Marital, School, Work, Leisurerecreation, and Neighborhood

Substance Abuse

The Risk-Need-Responsivity Model of Offender Assessment and Treatment

Prediction of Criminal Behavior and Classification of Offenders

Offender Rehabilitation

Creating and Maintaining Rnr Adherence: a Real-World Challenge

The Failed Experiment: Getting Tough on Crime

Criminal Subtypes: Intimate Partner Violence, the Mentally Disordered, and Sex Offenders

A General Personality and Cognitive Social Learning Perspective of Criminal Conduct: Summary and Conclusions

Filters