Question 1

The decision by some scientists to call Neanderthals Homo neanderthalis instead of Homo sapiens neanderthalis:

Accepted Answer

A)  is arbitrary, as these titles are interchangeable. 
B)  proclaims that Neanderthals were in fact a separate species from anatomically modern humans, and did not interbreed with them. 
C)  indicates the view that Neanderthals and humans could interbreed. 
D)  is wholeheartedly endorsed by the entire scientific community. 
E)  means nothing. 
A)  is arbitrary, as these titles are interchangeable. 
B)  proclaims that Neanderthals were in fact a separate species from anatomically modern humans, and did not interbreed with them. 
C)  indicates the view that Neanderthals and humans could interbreed. 
D)  is wholeheartedly endorsed by the entire scientific community. 
E)  means nothing.

Question 2

Which of the following has NOT been shown to follow or exhibit a geographic cline, at least historically (prior to frequent travel and relocation)?

Accepted Answer

A)  ABO blood group distribution 
B)  genetically-determined athletic prowess 
C)  the sickle cell trait 
D)  the ability to digest lactose as an adult 
E)  skin color 
A)  ABO blood group distribution 
B)  genetically-determined athletic prowess 
C)  the sickle cell trait 
D)  the ability to digest lactose as an adult 
E)  skin color

Question 3

Human genetic variation is greatest on which continent?

Accepted Answer

A)  North America 
B)  South America 
C)  Eurasia 
D)  Africa 
E)  Australia 
A)  North America 
B)  South America 
C)  Eurasia 
D)  Africa 
E)  Australia

Question 4

Which of these things could NEVER happen if the 'multiregional metapopulation model' of human evolution is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  assimilation 
B)  one highly evolved human subpopulation proving fittest, dominating or edging out the rest 
C)  parallel evolution 
D)  gene flow 
E)  replacement of another subpopulation 
A)  assimilation 
B)  one highly evolved human subpopulation proving fittest, dominating or edging out the rest 
C)  parallel evolution 
D)  gene flow 
E)  replacement of another subpopulation

Question 5

In relation to humanity's global spread, the 'replacement hypothesis' describes the idea that groups that left Africa early to occupy territory on other continents (early immigrants) were:

Accepted Answer

A)  killed off by diseases introduced by later immigrants 
B)  killed off by later immigrants through acts of violence 
C)  driven out of the new territory by later immigrants, who then took over the territory 
D)  unable to adapt to the new environment and so died off and left it open for new immigrant groups who arrived later on and were somehow more successful at adapting 
E)  All of the answers are correct 
A)  killed off by diseases introduced by later immigrants 
B)  killed off by later immigrants through acts of violence 
C)  driven out of the new territory by later immigrants, who then took over the territory 
D)  unable to adapt to the new environment and so died off and left it open for new immigrant groups who arrived later on and were somehow more successful at adapting 
E)  All of the answers are correct

Question 6

In mapping the entire human population, Linnaeus did NOT:

Accepted Answer

A)  map the human race upon the cardinal directions (north, south, east, and west). 
B)  include four races: American, European, Asian and African. 
C)  link each of those races with a humor and temperament. 
D)  link each of those races with a color (red, white, yellow, and black). 
E)  include a ranking of the four races. 
A)  map the human race upon the cardinal directions (north, south, east, and west). 
B)  include four races: American, European, Asian and African. 
C)  link each of those races with a humor and temperament. 
D)  link each of those races with a color (red, white, yellow, and black). 
E)  include a ranking of the four races.

Question 7

The Jamaicans' success in the recent Olympic games:

Accepted Answer

A)  reflects hard work, a can-do mindset, and a national love of running. 
B)  has been traced to the ACTN3 allele, which is linked to the ability to more forcefully contract muscles and which only Jamaicans have. 
C)  is correlated to the vast financial wealth of the nation. 
D)  is due to heterogeneous nature of Jamaica's gene pool. 
E)  shows that the Jamaicans are genetically gifted. 
A)  reflects hard work, a can-do mindset, and a national love of running. 
B)  has been traced to the ACTN3 allele, which is linked to the ability to more forcefully contract muscles and which only Jamaicans have. 
C)  is correlated to the vast financial wealth of the nation. 
D)  is due to heterogeneous nature of Jamaica's gene pool. 
E)  shows that the Jamaicans are genetically gifted.

Question 8

Linnaeus's original racial taxonomy reflected:

Accepted Answer

A)  the legacy of four-fold thinking common to his time. 
B)  racial rankings 
C)  the legacy of five-fold thinking common to his time. 
D)  the three-fold underpinning of life reflected in constructions such as 'father, son, holy ghost' or 'mother, father, child.' 
E)  body ideals for fat and thin. 
A)  the legacy of four-fold thinking common to his time. 
B)  racial rankings 
C)  the legacy of five-fold thinking common to his time. 
D)  the three-fold underpinning of life reflected in constructions such as 'father, son, holy ghost' or 'mother, father, child.' 
E)  body ideals for fat and thin.

Question 9

The 'multiple origins' or 'multiregional' model of human evolution does NOT allow for:

Accepted Answer

A)  The independent evolution of subgroups. 
B)  a shared common ancestor. 
C)  gene flow. 
D)  assimilation of older populations by or within newcomer populations. 
E)  human occupation of many habitats on earth. 
A)  The independent evolution of subgroups. 
B)  a shared common ancestor. 
C)  gene flow. 
D)  assimilation of older populations by or within newcomer populations. 
E)  human occupation of many habitats on earth.

Question 10

Why did the Air Force's effort to design a plane that would fit the average pilot fail?

Accepted Answer

A)  In real life nobody (no body) is average on all dimensions 
B)  average height is nonconcordant with average weight, leg length, reach, and so on 
C)  We all vary, and we do so in varying ('jagged') fashion 
D)  All of the answers are correct 
E)  The controls, seat height, display angles, etc. were not adjustable (they assumed concordance of body traits) 
A)  In real life nobody (no body) is average on all dimensions 
B)  average height is nonconcordant with average weight, leg length, reach, and so on 
C)  We all vary, and we do so in varying ('jagged') fashion 
D)  All of the answers are correct 
E)  The controls, seat height, display angles, etc. were not adjustable (they assumed concordance of body traits)

Question 11

Carl Linnaeus's grouping of people into 'race' categories was an early example of

Accepted Answer

A)  racist rankings. 
B)  racialization. 
C)  relativism. 
D)  historical particularism. 
E)  reflexivity. 
A)  racist rankings. 
B)  racialization. 
C)  relativism. 
D)  historical particularism. 
E)  reflexivity.

Question 12

When scientists examine genetic differences between the so-called 'races' they see that:

Accepted Answer

A)  humans are divided into different subgroups within a multiregional metapopulation 
B)  there is more difference between these groups than within them 
C)  phenotypic difference is unimportant in social terms 
D)  there is more difference within groups than between them. 
E)  race exists on a microscopic level. 
A)  humans are divided into different subgroups within a multiregional metapopulation 
B)  there is more difference between these groups than within them 
C)  phenotypic difference is unimportant in social terms 
D)  there is more difference within groups than between them. 
E)  race exists on a microscopic level.

Question 13

What image provides the best metaphor for the ideas conveyed in the 'multiregional metapopulation model' of human evolution?

Accepted Answer

A)  a candelabra 
B)  one ball of yarn 
C)  the tree of life 
D)  a trellis or a thicket 
E)  a fork in the road 
A)  a candelabra 
B)  one ball of yarn 
C)  the tree of life 
D)  a trellis or a thicket 
E)  a fork in the road

Question 14

Of the following, which is an example of 'institutionalized racism'?

Accepted Answer

A)  Police protocols disproportionately targeting one so-called racial group over another without evidence to support differential treatment 
B)  A medical textbook asserting that people of a specific race tend to be more theatrical about mild discomfort and suggesting that pain prescriptions should rarely be given to them. 
C)  Bank loan regulations that limit loans to individuals in certain (White) zip-codes regardless of the ability of individual applicants in other zip codes to repay their loans 
D)  A prestigious university offering to waive tuition for underprivileged students if they possess exemplary athleticism that exclusively advertises this program in areas with mostly minoritized populations 
E)  Every example demonstrates 'institutionalized racism'. 
A)  Police protocols disproportionately targeting one so-called racial group over another without evidence to support differential treatment 
B)  A medical textbook asserting that people of a specific race tend to be more theatrical about mild discomfort and suggesting that pain prescriptions should rarely be given to them. 
C)  Bank loan regulations that limit loans to individuals in certain (White) zip-codes regardless of the ability of individual applicants in other zip codes to repay their loans 
D)  A prestigious university offering to waive tuition for underprivileged students if they possess exemplary athleticism that exclusively advertises this program in areas with mostly minoritized populations 
E)  Every example demonstrates 'institutionalized racism'.

Question 15

Which of the following is true in regard to 'race'-related genetic variation?

Accepted Answer

A)  80-85 percent of human genetic variation occurs within races. 
B)  10-15 percent of human genetic variation occurs within races. 
C)  10-15 percent of human genetic variation cannot be accounted for by race. 
D)  The average difference between races is much larger than the average difference between individuals who belong to a given racial category. 
E)  The average difference between races is much smaller than the average difference between individuals who belong to a given racial category. 
A)  80-85 percent of human genetic variation occurs within races. 
B)  10-15 percent of human genetic variation occurs within races. 
C)  10-15 percent of human genetic variation cannot be accounted for by race. 
D)  The average difference between races is much larger than the average difference between individuals who belong to a given racial category. 
E)  The average difference between races is much smaller than the average difference between individuals who belong to a given racial category.

Question 16

From around 130,000 to about 30,000 year ago, Neanderthals occupied which of the following regions/continents?

Accepted Answer

A)  Africa 
B)  Europe and Western Asia 
C)  South America 
D)  The Americas 
E)  North America only 
A)  Africa 
B)  Europe and Western Asia 
C)  South America 
D)  The Americas 
E)  North America only

Question 17

Because the Nate Harrison archaeological excavations described in the Chapter 5 supplement box focused on artifacts, it was able to show that this Black pioneer:

Accepted Answer

A)  Lived like a hermit, without any visitors 
B)  Had few possessions but still was able to 'make do' 
C)  Subsisted on acorns, wild birds, and squirrel meat. 
D)  Was "allergic to labor of any kind" 
E)  Ran a large and highly productive ranch, counter to to the racist narratives casting him as lazy. 
A)  Lived like a hermit, without any visitors 
B)  Had few possessions but still was able to 'make do' 
C)  Subsisted on acorns, wild birds, and squirrel meat. 
D)  Was "allergic to labor of any kind" 
E)  Ran a large and highly productive ranch, counter to to the racist narratives casting him as lazy.

Question 18

When did Europeans begin ranking human 'races' hierarchically?

Accepted Answer

A)  when the age of discovery gave way to the age of conquest and colonization. 
B)  Actually, they always had ranked them. 
C)  when slavery was outlawed. 
D)  when there was a need to justify the call for liberty and equality amongst all human beings. 
E)  when racism gave way to (was replaced by) racialization. 
A)  when the age of discovery gave way to the age of conquest and colonization. 
B)  Actually, they always had ranked them. 
C)  when slavery was outlawed. 
D)  when there was a need to justify the call for liberty and equality amongst all human beings. 
E)  when racism gave way to (was replaced by) racialization.

Question 19

Which of the following hypotheses fits with a 'single origins' model of human evolution that acknowledges sequential migration waves?

Accepted Answer

A)  Multiregional metapopulation model 
B)  Both the assimilation hypothesis and the replacement hypothesis 
C)  Replacement hypothesis 
D)  Assimilation hypothesis 
E)  All answers are correct 
A)  Multiregional metapopulation model 
B)  Both the assimilation hypothesis and the replacement hypothesis 
C)  Replacement hypothesis 
D)  Assimilation hypothesis 
E)  All answers are correct

Question 20

What characterizes the recently overturned 'multiple origins' model of human evolution?

Accepted Answer

A)  Numerous human subpopulations diverged and converged continually and variously over time, periodically passing genes back and forth 
B)  Homo sapiens came into being in a number of regions, separately, and evolved in a parallel way, without coming into contact with each other. 
C)  Humans who left Africa early were killed off by subsequent waves of more highly-evolved emigrants 
D)  Subpopulations separated long ago and evolved into the five distinct races we now know today 
E)  Humans who left Africa early were assimilated by subsequent waves of more highly-evolved emigrants 
A)  Numerous human subpopulations diverged and converged continually and variously over time, periodically passing genes back and forth 
B)  Homo sapiens came into being in a number of regions, separately, and evolved in a parallel way, without coming into contact with each other. 
C)  Humans who left Africa early were killed off by subsequent waves of more highly-evolved emigrants 
D)  Subpopulations separated long ago and evolved into the five distinct races we now know today 
E)  Humans who left Africa early were assimilated by subsequent waves of more highly-evolved emigrants

The decision by some scientists to call Neanderthals Homo neanderthalis instead of Homo sapiens neanderthalis:

Which of the following has NOT been shown to follow or exhibit a geographic cline, at least historically (prior to frequent travel and relocation)?

Human genetic variation is greatest on which continent?

Which of these things could NEVER happen if the 'multiregional metapopulation model' of human evolution is correct?

In relation to humanity's global spread, the 'replacement hypothesis' describes the idea that groups that left Africa early to occupy territory on other continents (early immigrants) were:

In mapping the entire human population, Linnaeus did NOT:

The Jamaicans' success in the recent Olympic games:

Linnaeus's original racial taxonomy reflected:

The 'multiple origins' or 'multiregional' model of human evolution does NOT allow for:

Why did the Air Force's effort to design a plane that would fit the average pilot fail?

Carl Linnaeus's grouping of people into 'race' categories was an early example of

When scientists examine genetic differences between the so-called 'races' they see that:

What image provides the best metaphor for the ideas conveyed in the 'multiregional metapopulation model' of human evolution?

Of the following, which is an example of 'institutionalized racism'?

Which of the following is true in regard to 'race'-related genetic variation?

From around 130,000 to about 30,000 year ago, Neanderthals occupied which of the following regions/continents?

Because the Nate Harrison archaeological excavations described in the Chapter 5 supplement box focused on artifacts, it was able to show that this Black pioneer:

When did Europeans begin ranking human 'races' hierarchically?

Which of the following hypotheses fits with a 'single origins' model of human evolution that acknowledges sequential migration waves?

What characterizes the recently overturned 'multiple origins' model of human evolution?

Anthropology and Complexity

Genetic Adaptation

Developmental Adjustment and Epigenetic Change

Emergence of Culture and People Like Us

Foraging

Agricultural Revolution

Epidemics and Immunities

Political Economy of Health Disparities

Stress, Meaning, and Health

Culture in Practice

Body Ideals and Outcomes

Kinship

Conclusion

Filters

Exam 5: Global Expansion, Human Variation, and the Invention of Race

The decision by some scientists to call Neanderthals Homo neanderthalis instead of Homo sapiens neanderthalis:

Which of the following has NOT been shown to follow or exhibit a geographic cline, at least historically (prior to frequent travel and relocation)?

Human genetic variation is greatest on which continent?

Which of these things could NEVER happen if the 'multiregional metapopulation model' of human evolution is correct?

In relation to humanity's global spread, the 'replacement hypothesis' describes the idea that groups that left Africa early to occupy territory on other continents (early immigrants) were:

In mapping the entire human population, Linnaeus did NOT:

The Jamaicans' success in the recent Olympic games:

Linnaeus's original racial taxonomy reflected:

The 'multiple origins' or 'multiregional' model of human evolution does NOT allow for:

Why did the Air Force's effort to design a plane that would fit the average pilot fail?

Carl Linnaeus's grouping of people into 'race' categories was an early example of

When scientists examine genetic differences between the so-called 'races' they see that:

What image provides the best metaphor for the ideas conveyed in the 'multiregional metapopulation model' of human evolution?

Of the following, which is an example of 'institutionalized racism'?

Which of the following is true in regard to 'race'-related genetic variation?

From around 130,000 to about 30,000 year ago, Neanderthals occupied which of the following regions/continents?

Because the Nate Harrison archaeological excavations described in the Chapter 5 supplement box focused on artifacts, it was able to show that this Black pioneer:

When did Europeans begin ranking human 'races' hierarchically?

Which of the following hypotheses fits with a 'single origins' model of human evolution that acknowledges sequential migration waves?

What characterizes the recently overturned 'multiple origins' model of human evolution?

Anthropology and Complexity

Genetic Adaptation

Developmental Adjustment and Epigenetic Change

Emergence of Culture and People Like Us

Foraging

Agricultural Revolution

Epidemics and Immunities

Political Economy of Health Disparities

Stress, Meaning, and Health

Culture in Practice

Body Ideals and Outcomes

Kinship

Conclusion

Filters