Question 1

Which of the following is an example of a quantitative research question?

Accepted Answer

A)  Are specific forms of help seeking related to the social class background of elementary school students? 
B)  How do elementary school children seek help from their teachers? 
C)  How do teachers interpret the help-seeking actions of elementary school students? 
D)  What educational advantages are gained by elementary students who actively seek help in the classroom? 
A)  Are specific forms of help seeking related to the social class background of elementary school students? 
B)  How do elementary school children seek help from their teachers? 
C)  How do teachers interpret the help-seeking actions of elementary school students? 
D)  What educational advantages are gained by elementary students who actively seek help in the classroom? A

Question 2

According to Box 4.1, the best place to begin a literature review is to search the library's online databases.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

According to Box 4.4, a correlation coefficient of .10 between SAT score and college GPA is statistically significant at p < .01. This indicates that the association is

Accepted Answer

A)  weak but significant. 
B)  weak and nonsignificant. 
C)  strong and significant. 
D)  strong but nonsignificant. 
A)  weak but significant. 
B)  weak and nonsignificant. 
C)  strong and significant. 
D)  strong but nonsignificant. A

Question 4

Whether you are addressing a quantitative or qualitative research question, the first step to consider in developing your research design is to

Accepted Answer

A)  select the group or setting you intend to study. 
B)  select a research approach or strategy 
C)  identify the variables in your research question. 
D)  formulate a hypothesis. 
A)  select the group or setting you intend to study. 
B)  select a research approach or strategy 
C)  identify the variables in your research question. 
D)  formulate a hypothesis.

Question 5

Both qualitative and quantitative research aim to establish causal relationships.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which research strategy would be most suitable for addressing a qualitative research question?

Accepted Answer

A)  Experiment 
B)  Survey 
C)  Analysis of existing statistics 
D)  Field research 
A)  Experiment 
B)  Survey 
C)  Analysis of existing statistics 
D)  Field research

Question 7

According to Box 4.1, which of the following guidelines is recommended for searching the literature?

Accepted Answer

A)  Start by searching the Internet. 
B)  Identify and read classic studies first and then work forward. 
C)  Do not begin to narrow a topic until you have thoroughly reviewed the literature. 
D)  Conduct a keyword search of the library's electronic databases. 
A)  Start by searching the Internet. 
B)  Identify and read classic studies first and then work forward. 
C)  Do not begin to narrow a topic until you have thoroughly reviewed the literature. 
D)  Conduct a keyword search of the library's electronic databases.

Question 8

Research design in qualitative research is more flexible than in quantitative research.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Suppose a national survey of college students includes measures of depression and the amount of exercise that a student gets. The survey shows that students who exercise frequently tend to be less depressed than students who seldom exercise.
a. What do these data reveal about the causal relationship between amount of exercise and depression? 
b. Can you conclude that lack of exercise is a cause of depression?

Accepted Answer

a. The data from the national survey of

Question 10

Compare and contrast quantitative and qualitative research questions with respect to their basic aims and the research approaches and processes that are used to address them.

Accepted Answer

Quantitative and qualitative research qu

Question 11

Which of the following is an example of an explanatory research question?

Accepted Answer

A)  In what ways do elementary school students seek help from their teachers? 
B)  How often do elementary school students seek help from their teachers? 
C)  How do teachers interpret the help-seeking actions of elementary school students? 
D)  Are specific forms of help seeking related to the social class background of elementary school students? 
A)  In what ways do elementary school students seek help from their teachers? 
B)  How often do elementary school students seek help from their teachers? 
C)  How do teachers interpret the help-seeking actions of elementary school students? 
D)  Are specific forms of help seeking related to the social class background of elementary school students?

Question 12

Which of the following sequences best describes the initial steps in the research process?

Accepted Answer

A)  Review literature $\rightarrow$ select topic $\rightarrow$design research $\rightarrow$ formulate research question 
B)  Review literature $\rightarrow$ select topic $\rightarrow$ formulate research question $\rightarrow$ design research 
C)  Select topic $\rightarrow$review literature $\rightarrow$ formulate research question $\rightarrow$ design research 
D)  Formulate research question $\rightarrow$ select topic $\rightarrow$ design research $\rightarrow$ review literature 
A)  Review literature $\rightarrow$ select topic $\rightarrow$design research $\rightarrow$ formulate research question 
B)  Review literature $\rightarrow$ select topic $\rightarrow$ formulate research question $\rightarrow$ design research 
C)  Select topic $\rightarrow$review literature $\rightarrow$ formulate research question $\rightarrow$ design research 
D)  Formulate research question $\rightarrow$ select topic $\rightarrow$ design research $\rightarrow$ review literature

Question 13

Research questions in qualitative research

Accepted Answer

A)  provide the same basis for research design as quantitative research questions. 
B)  provide clear choices about what and whom to observe. 
C)  are starting points that may be modified once researchers are in the field. 
D)  identify the variables that must be considered in the research design. 
A)  provide the same basis for research design as quantitative research questions. 
B)  provide clear choices about what and whom to observe. 
C)  are starting points that may be modified once researchers are in the field. 
D)  identify the variables that must be considered in the research design.

Question 14

According to Box 4.1, in conducting a search of the social science literature, using a search engine on the Internet will identify the most relevant and up-to-date sources.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Quantitative research questions are often transformed into testable hypotheses.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Carefully explain the purpose of a literature review. In what ways can it help researchers to formulate a research question and to design research to address that question?

Accepted Answer

A literature review serves several impor

Question 17

Suppose an anthropologist studies several villages in southern India. For each village they have data on the number of people and the average age of men and women, and have computed an index of the monetary value of various consumer goods in the village (e.g., the value of the total number of refrigerators, televisions, and air conditioners divided by the size of the population). An analysis of these data reveals that the villages with populations having the lowest average age also have the highest average dollar value of modern consumer goods (Bernard, 1994).
a. What is the unit of analysis in this study? 
b. Can the anthropologist conclude from this association that young people purchase more modern consumer goods than older people? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

a. The unit of analysis in this study is

Question 18

In qualitative research, deciding what and whom to observe

Accepted Answer

A)  is the first and foremost consideration in research design. 
B)  may occur after a researcher begins to gather data. 
C)  usually involves random selection. 
D)  depends on how broadly a researcher aims to generalize his or her results. 
A)  is the first and foremost consideration in research design. 
B)  may occur after a researcher begins to gather data. 
C)  usually involves random selection. 
D)  depends on how broadly a researcher aims to generalize his or her results.

Question 19

According to Box 4.1, which information source is likely to produce the most recent and relevant references to social science research?

Accepted Answer

A)  Library online catalog 
B)  Internet 
C)  SocINDEX and PsycINFO online databases 
D)  Reader's Guide to Periodical Literature 
A)  Library online catalog 
B)  Internet 
C)  SocINDEX and PsycINFO online databases 
D)  Reader's Guide to Periodical Literature

Question 20

The main purpose of a literature review is to make sure that previous research has not addressed one's research question.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Which of the following is an example of a quantitative research question?

According to Box 4.1, the best place to begin a literature review is to search the library's online databases.

According to Box 4.4, a correlation coefficient of .10 between SAT score and college GPA is statistically significant at p < .01. This indicates that the association is

Whether you are addressing a quantitative or qualitative research question, the first step to consider in developing your research design is to

Both qualitative and quantitative research aim to establish causal relationships.

Which research strategy would be most suitable for addressing a qualitative research question?

According to Box 4.1, which of the following guidelines is recommended for searching the literature?

Research design in qualitative research is more flexible than in quantitative research.

Compare and contrast quantitative and qualitative research questions with respect to their basic aims and the research approaches and processes that are used to address them.

Which of the following is an example of an explanatory research question?

Which of the following sequences best describes the initial steps in the research process?

Research questions in qualitative research

According to Box 4.1, in conducting a search of the social science literature, using a search engine on the Internet will identify the most relevant and up-to-date sources.

Quantitative research questions are often transformed into testable hypotheses.

Carefully explain the purpose of a literature review. In what ways can it help researchers to formulate a research question and to design research to address that question?

In qualitative research, deciding what and whom to observe

According to Box 4.1, which information source is likely to produce the most recent and relevant references to social science research?

The main purpose of a literature review is to make sure that previous research has not addressed one's research question.

Introduction: Why Care About Research Methods?

Science and Social Research: From Theory to Data and Back

The Ethics and Politics of Research: Doing What's "Right"

Measurement: Linking Theory to Research

Sampling: Case Selection as a Basis for Inference

Experiments: What Causes What?

Surveys: Questioning and Sampling

Field Research and In-Depth Interviews: Systematic People-Watching and Listening

Existing Data Analysis: Using Data from Secondhand Sources

Multiple Methods: Two or More Approaches Are Better Than One

Quantitative Data Analysis: Using Statistics for Description and Inference

Qualitative Data Analysis: Searching for Meaning

Reading and Writing in Social Research: It's All About Communication

Filters

Exam 4: Research Designs: It Depends on the Question

Which of the following is an example of a quantitative research question?

According to Box 4.1, the best place to begin a literature review is to search the library's online databases.

According to Box 4.4, a correlation coefficient of .10 between SAT score and college GPA is statistically significant at p < .01. This indicates that the association is

Whether you are addressing a quantitative or qualitative research question, the first step to consider in developing your research design is to

Both qualitative and quantitative research aim to establish causal relationships.

Which research strategy would be most suitable for addressing a qualitative research question?

According to Box 4.1, which of the following guidelines is recommended for searching the literature?

Research design in qualitative research is more flexible than in quantitative research.

Compare and contrast quantitative and qualitative research questions with respect to their basic aims and the research approaches and processes that are used to address them.

Which of the following is an example of an explanatory research question?

Which of the following sequences best describes the initial steps in the research process?

Research questions in qualitative research

According to Box 4.1, in conducting a search of the social science literature, using a search engine on the Internet will identify the most relevant and up-to-date sources.

Quantitative research questions are often transformed into testable hypotheses.

Carefully explain the purpose of a literature review. In what ways can it help researchers to formulate a research question and to design research to address that question?

In qualitative research, deciding what and whom to observe

According to Box 4.1, which information source is likely to produce the most recent and relevant references to social science research?

The main purpose of a literature review is to make sure that previous research has not addressed one's research question.

Introduction: Why Care About Research Methods?

Science and Social Research: From Theory to Data and Back

The Ethics and Politics of Research: Doing What's "Right"

Measurement: Linking Theory to Research

Sampling: Case Selection as a Basis for Inference

Experiments: What Causes What?

Surveys: Questioning and Sampling

Field Research and In-Depth Interviews: Systematic People-Watching and Listening

Existing Data Analysis: Using Data from Secondhand Sources

Multiple Methods: Two or More Approaches Are Better Than One

Quantitative Data Analysis: Using Statistics for Description and Inference

Qualitative Data Analysis: Searching for Meaning

Reading and Writing in Social Research: It's All About Communication

Filters