Question 1

What are objective strains and subjective strains? According to Agnew, why is it important to distinguish between the two?

Accepted Answer

Objective strains are conditions, situations, or episodes that a majority of a given group will dislike while subjective strains allude to the conditions, situations, or episodes that are not liked by the individuals who are experiencing them or have experienced them in the past. According to Agnew it is important to distinguish between the two, since we must consider not only the objective situations that individuals encounter but also their perceptions and interpretations of those situations.

Question 2

General strain theory focuses on how a broad number of positive situations can reduce the tendency for youth to engage in criminal behaviour.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

People who develop self-control are said to be less likely to engage in criminal activities.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

Why is anger viewed as a critical negative emotion linked causally to crime in general strain theory?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why is anger viewed as a critical...

Question 5

Recent theories used to explain youth crime ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  build on past perspectives 
B)  integrate a number of previously examined perspectives 
C)  introduce new causal concepts 
D)  All of the above 
E)  Both b and c 
A)  build on past perspectives 
B)  integrate a number of previously examined perspectives 
C)  introduce new causal concepts 
D)  All of the above 
E)  Both b and c

Question 6

Low self-control is made up of six different features. Briefly list and describe these features.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Low self-control is made up of six...

Question 7

Depression is the critical negative emotion on which general strain theory is focused.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The amount of control that a person experiences relative to the amount of control a person can exercise is referred to as a control ratio.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

According to Colvin's differential coercion theory, consistent coercive control tends to be highly punitive and lacking in emotional support.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Outline Sampson and Laub's age-graded theory of informal social control. What are the major recognized strengths and weaknesses of this theory?

Accepted Answer

Sampson and Laub's age-graded theory of

Question 11

According to Colvin's differential coercion theory, people who experience an erratic, non-coercive environment will show an inclination toward pro-social behaviours.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

How is provocation linked to motivation for deviance in Tittle's control balance theory?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How is provocation linked to motivation for...

Question 13

According to Tittle's control balance theory, a predisposition to commit crime will only transform into a motivation for deviance when a person experiences a ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  stressor 
B)  provocation 
C)  opportunity 
D)  control imbalance 
E)  need 
A)  stressor 
B)  provocation 
C)  opportunity 
D)  control imbalance 
E)  need

Question 14

Which of the following is not one of the main themes of Peacemaking Criminology?

Accepted Answer

A)  Non-violence 
B)  Social justice 
C)  Inclusion 
D)  Ascertainable criteria 
E)  All of the above are main themes 
A)  Non-violence 
B)  Social justice 
C)  Inclusion 
D)  Ascertainable criteria 
E)  All of the above are main themes

Question 15

How can Tittle's control balance theory be applied in explaining youth crime? In your discussion, take into account the concepts of control ratio, control surplus, control deficits, and control balance desirability.

Accepted Answer

Tittle's control balance theory can be a

Question 16

What is the main focus of the age-graded theory of social control?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the main focus of the...

Question 17

A key proposition of differential coercion theory is that erratic coercion can lead to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  submission 
B)  retaliation 
C)  learning deficits 
D)  social-psychological deficits 
E)  motivation for deviance 
A)  submission 
B)  retaliation 
C)  learning deficits 
D)  social-psychological deficits 
E)  motivation for deviance

Question 18

In the context of general strain theory, what is the difference between aspirations and expected achievements?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the context of general strain theory,...

Question 19

Low socio-economic status is one of the social structural factors pointed to in the age-graded theory of informal social control.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The general theory of crime has little empirical research support.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

What are objective strains and subjective strains? According to Agnew, why is it important to distinguish between the two?

General strain theory focuses on how a broad number of positive situations can reduce the tendency for youth to engage in criminal behaviour.

People who develop self-control are said to be less likely to engage in criminal activities.

Why is anger viewed as a critical negative emotion linked causally to crime in general strain theory?

Recent theories used to explain youth crime ________.

Low self-control is made up of six different features. Briefly list and describe these features.

Depression is the critical negative emotion on which general strain theory is focused.

The amount of control that a person experiences relative to the amount of control a person can exercise is referred to as a control ratio.

According to Colvin's differential coercion theory, consistent coercive control tends to be highly punitive and lacking in emotional support.

Outline Sampson and Laub's age-graded theory of informal social control. What are the major recognized strengths and weaknesses of this theory?

According to Colvin's differential coercion theory, people who experience an erratic, non-coercive environment will show an inclination toward pro-social behaviours.

How is provocation linked to motivation for deviance in Tittle's control balance theory?

According to Tittle's control balance theory, a predisposition to commit crime will only transform into a motivation for deviance when a person experiences a ________.

Which of the following is not one of the main themes of Peacemaking Criminology?

How can Tittle's control balance theory be applied in explaining youth crime? In your discussion, take into account the concepts of control ratio, control surplus, control deficits, and control balance desirability.

What is the main focus of the age-graded theory of social control?

A key proposition of differential coercion theory is that erratic coercion can lead to ________.

In the context of general strain theory, what is the difference between aspirations and expected achievements?

Low socio-economic status is one of the social structural factors pointed to in the age-graded theory of informal social control.

The general theory of crime has little empirical research support.

From Misguided Children to Criminal Youth: Exploring Historical and Contemporary Trends in Canadian Youth Justice

Measuring Youth Crime in Canada: An Elusive Challenge

Understanding the Youth Criminal Justice Act

The Youth Justice System in Action

Critical Challenges in Hearing the Voice of Youth in the Youth Justice System

Youth Deviance and the Media: Mapping Knowledge and the Limits to Certainty

Canadian Girls and Crime in the Twenty-First Century

Critical Criminology and Youth Justice in the Risk Society: Issues of Power and Justice

Issues of Substance Use and Related Crime in Adolescence

Indigenous Youth Crime in Canada

Racialized Youth Crime and Justice in Canada

Street-Involved Youth in Canada

Youth Involvement in Systems of Sex Work and Strategies of Intervention

Keeping Youth Out of Jail: Quebecs Experience

Juvenile Justice and Restorative Justice in British Columbia: Learning Through the Lens of Community Praxis

Filters

Exam 8: Theoretical Perspectives on Youth Crime

What are objective strains and subjective strains? According to Agnew, why is it important to distinguish between the two?

General strain theory focuses on how a broad number of positive situations can reduce the tendency for youth to engage in criminal behaviour.

People who develop self-control are said to be less likely to engage in criminal activities.

Why is anger viewed as a critical negative emotion linked causally to crime in general strain theory?

Recent theories used to explain youth crime ________.

Low self-control is made up of six different features. Briefly list and describe these features.

Depression is the critical negative emotion on which general strain theory is focused.

The amount of control that a person experiences relative to the amount of control a person can exercise is referred to as a control ratio.

According to Colvin's differential coercion theory, consistent coercive control tends to be highly punitive and lacking in emotional support.

Outline Sampson and Laub's age-graded theory of informal social control. What are the major recognized strengths and weaknesses of this theory?

According to Colvin's differential coercion theory, people who experience an erratic, non-coercive environment will show an inclination toward pro-social behaviours.

How is provocation linked to motivation for deviance in Tittle's control balance theory?

According to Tittle's control balance theory, a predisposition to commit crime will only transform into a motivation for deviance when a person experiences a ________.

Which of the following is not one of the main themes of Peacemaking Criminology?

How can Tittle's control balance theory be applied in explaining youth crime? In your discussion, take into account the concepts of control ratio, control surplus, control deficits, and control balance desirability.

What is the main focus of the age-graded theory of social control?

A key proposition of differential coercion theory is that erratic coercion can lead to ________.

In the context of general strain theory, what is the difference between aspirations and expected achievements?

Low socio-economic status is one of the social structural factors pointed to in the age-graded theory of informal social control.

The general theory of crime has little empirical research support.

From Misguided Children to Criminal Youth: Exploring Historical and Contemporary Trends in Canadian Youth Justice

Measuring Youth Crime in Canada: An Elusive Challenge

Understanding the Youth Criminal Justice Act

The Youth Justice System in Action

Critical Challenges in Hearing the Voice of Youth in the Youth Justice System

Youth Deviance and the Media: Mapping Knowledge and the Limits to Certainty

Canadian Girls and Crime in the Twenty-First Century

Critical Criminology and Youth Justice in the Risk Society: Issues of Power and Justice

Issues of Substance Use and Related Crime in Adolescence

Indigenous Youth Crime in Canada

Racialized Youth Crime and Justice in Canada

Street-Involved Youth in Canada

Youth Involvement in Systems of Sex Work and Strategies of Intervention

Keeping Youth Out of Jail: Quebecs Experience

Juvenile Justice and Restorative Justice in British Columbia: Learning Through the Lens of Community Praxis

Filters