Exam 5: Critical Challenges in Hearing the Voice of Youth in the Youth Justice System

What are the key provisions included in the United Nations Declaraion on the Rights of the Child regarding the legal rights of children and youth?

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Question 1

Correct Answer:

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They include that "in all actions concerning children and the courts of law, the best interests of the child shall be a primary consideration"; "that children who have violated the penal law be treated in a manner consistent with the child's age and the desirability of promoting the child's reintegration and his or her taking up a constructive role in society"; that diversion from criminal proceedings and extrajudicial solutions, and socio-educational interventions be used wherever possible; and that the deprivation of liberty should only be a last resort when dealing with young people who offend.

________ operate as a diversionary program for first-time minor offenders, which determine a restorative sentence for the youth that is fair and proportionate.

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Question 2

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Latessa, Cullen, and Gendreau (2002) use the term ________ to refer to the failure of programs that focus on punishment without producing a rehabilitative benefit.

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Question 3

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The Youth Criminal Justice Act was the first youth justice statute passed in Canada to expressly state that the criminal justice system for young persons must be separate from that of adults.

(True/False)

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Question 4

What are criminogenic needs? How can they be targeted in a way that results in effective outcomes?

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Question 5

What are the characteristic features of intervention programs for at-risk youth that appear to work versus those that appear not to work?

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Question 6

The literature on resiliency among children and young people shows that ________.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 7

The Youth Criminal Justice Act is based on research that shows that incarcerating young people can do more good than harm.

(True/False)

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Question 8

What are the international obligations Canada has agreed to regarding the treatment of children and youth in the criminal justice system? How successful has it been to date in meeting these obligations?

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Question 9

It is common that youth will have multiple risk factors that increase the chances of their becoming involved in the youth justice system.

(True/False)

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Question 10

The 2005 Nunn Commission on the administration of youth justice in Nova Scotia recommended ________.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 11

Across Canada, the Youth Criminal Justice Act has had the effect of reducing the number of young people who have been sentenced to custody by focusing on alternatives to the formal system and reserving youth court for serious and persistent offenders.

(True/False)

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Question 12

Why is it ill-advised to implement treatment programs for the majority of young people who come in contact with the youth justice system?

(Essay)

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Question 13

We know from the ________ literature that not all young people exposed to multiple risk factors become offenders, nor do all young people who often grow up in low socio-economic classes.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 14

The punitive stance, which in recent years appears to have been increasingly adopted toward young people, is reflected in policies such as ________.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 15

There is a growing and diverse body of research that has concluded that youth who are involved in the youth justice system have significantly more mental health and substance abuse problems compared to other youth.

(True/False)

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Question 16

Information was presented to the 2005 Nunn Commission on the administration of youth justice in Nova Scotia, showing that approximately ________ of repeat young offenders are living with disabilities, including mental health disabilities.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 17

________ is not listed as a main predictor of criminal behaviour and violence.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 18

According to the text, the ________ is the most ratified of all human rights instruments but also perhaps the most violated of the human rights treaties.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 19

What have studies found regarding the extent to which youth involved in the criminal justice system suffer from mental health and substance abuse problems? What are some of the approaches and theories that are being applied in the effort to help young offenders who have these problems?

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Question 20

Showing 1 - 20 of 82

What are the key provisions included in the United Nations Declaraion on the Rights of the Child regarding the legal rights of children and youth?

________ operate as a diversionary program for first-time minor offenders, which determine a restorative sentence for the youth that is fair and proportionate.

Latessa, Cullen, and Gendreau (2002) use the term ________ to refer to the failure of programs that focus on punishment without producing a rehabilitative benefit.

The Youth Criminal Justice Act was the first youth justice statute passed in Canada to expressly state that the criminal justice system for young persons must be separate from that of adults.

What are criminogenic needs? How can they be targeted in a way that results in effective outcomes?

What are the characteristic features of intervention programs for at-risk youth that appear to work versus those that appear not to work?

The literature on resiliency among children and young people shows that ________.

The Youth Criminal Justice Act is based on research that shows that incarcerating young people can do more good than harm.

What are the international obligations Canada has agreed to regarding the treatment of children and youth in the criminal justice system? How successful has it been to date in meeting these obligations?

It is common that youth will have multiple risk factors that increase the chances of their becoming involved in the youth justice system.

The 2005 Nunn Commission on the administration of youth justice in Nova Scotia recommended ________.

Across Canada, the Youth Criminal Justice Act has had the effect of reducing the number of young people who have been sentenced to custody by focusing on alternatives to the formal system and reserving youth court for serious and persistent offenders.

Why is it ill-advised to implement treatment programs for the majority of young people who come in contact with the youth justice system?

We know from the ________ literature that not all young people exposed to multiple risk factors become offenders, nor do all young people who often grow up in low socio-economic classes.

The punitive stance, which in recent years appears to have been increasingly adopted toward young people, is reflected in policies such as ________.

There is a growing and diverse body of research that has concluded that youth who are involved in the youth justice system have significantly more mental health and substance abuse problems compared to other youth.

Information was presented to the 2005 Nunn Commission on the administration of youth justice in Nova Scotia, showing that approximately ________ of repeat young offenders are living with disabilities, including mental health disabilities.

________ is not listed as a main predictor of criminal behaviour and violence.

According to the text, the ________ is the most ratified of all human rights instruments but also perhaps the most violated of the human rights treaties.

What have studies found regarding the extent to which youth involved in the criminal justice system suffer from mental health and substance abuse problems? What are some of the approaches and theories that are being applied in the effort to help young offenders who have these problems?

From Misguided Children to Criminal Youth: Exploring Historical and Contemporary Trends in Canadian Youth Justice

Measuring Youth Crime in Canada: An Elusive Challenge

Understanding the Youth Criminal Justice Act

The Youth Justice System in Action

Youth Deviance and the Media: Mapping Knowledge and the Limits to Certainty

Canadian Girls and Crime in the Twenty-First Century

Theoretical Perspectives on Youth Crime

Critical Criminology and Youth Justice in the Risk Society: Issues of Power and Justice

Issues of Substance Use and Related Crime in Adolescence

Indigenous Youth Crime in Canada

Racialized Youth Crime and Justice in Canada

Street-Involved Youth in Canada

Youth Involvement in Systems of Sex Work and Strategies of Intervention

Keeping Youth Out of Jail: Quebecs Experience

Juvenile Justice and Restorative Justice in British Columbia: Learning Through the Lens of Community Praxis

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