Question 1

The defining characteristic of a factorial design is that it includes

Accepted Answer

A)  more than one independent variable. 
B)  more than one dependent variable. 
C)  only one independent variable that has at least than two conditions. 
D)  a qualitative dependent variable. 
A)  more than one independent variable. 
B)  more than one dependent variable. 
C)  only one independent variable that has at least than two conditions. 
D)  a qualitative dependent variable.

Question 2

Explain why counterbalancing can be an effective way to control for order effects in a within-subjects design.

Accepted Answer

Counterbalancing is an effective way to

Question 3

When inferential statistics are used, into what categories is the variance on a dependent variable partitioned? How are these categories compared statistically?

Accepted Answer

When inferential statistics are used, th

Question 4

What are sensitization effects and how might they result in experimental demand?

Accepted Answer

Sensitization effects refer to the pheno

Question 5

Placebo effects are

Accepted Answer

A)  the effects that volunteer bias has on the outcomes of experiments. 
B)  the effects the independent variable has on participants' behavior. 
C)  changes in the dependent variable brought about by manipulating the independent variable. 
D)  changes brought about in participants' behavior when they think they are receiving a treatment but they are actually are in a non-treatment condition. 
A)  the effects that volunteer bias has on the outcomes of experiments. 
B)  the effects the independent variable has on participants' behavior. 
C)  changes in the dependent variable brought about by manipulating the independent variable. 
D)  changes brought about in participants' behavior when they think they are receiving a treatment but they are actually are in a non-treatment condition.

Question 6

Dr. Mills has participants rate the attractiveness of an older woman or an older man. She finds the older man is rated as more attractive. One limitation of her study is that

Accepted Answer

A)  the results might be due to satisficing. 
B)  her manipulation was likely not salient. 
C)  the results could be due to the unique characteristics of two people who were rated. 
D)  all of the above are limitations 
A)  the results might be due to satisficing. 
B)  her manipulation was likely not salient. 
C)  the results could be due to the unique characteristics of two people who were rated. 
D)  all of the above are limitations

Question 7

Holding extraneous variables constant as a means of controlling their effects may have the undesirable side effect of

Accepted Answer

A)  limiting the internal validity of the experiment by creating treatment confounds. 
B)  increasing the complexity of the experiment. 
C)  creating order effects that then have to be controlled. 
D)  limiting the generalizability of the conclusions that one can draw from the experiment. 
A)  limiting the internal validity of the experiment by creating treatment confounds. 
B)  increasing the complexity of the experiment. 
C)  creating order effects that then have to be controlled. 
D)  limiting the generalizability of the conclusions that one can draw from the experiment.

Question 8

You conduct an experiment with three levels of your independent variable. Before you collect your data, you make predictions about the expected results. When you analyze your data, you find a significant omnibus F value. The next step is to

Accepted Answer

A)  conduct a post hoc analysis of condition means. 
B)  conduct a priori contrasts of condition means. 
C)  determine whether the relationship is negative linear or positive linear. 
D)  do either a or b 
A)  conduct a post hoc analysis of condition means. 
B)  conduct a priori contrasts of condition means. 
C)  determine whether the relationship is negative linear or positive linear. 
D)  do either a or b

Question 9

What is simple random assignment to conditions of an independent variable? Why is it a central aspect of a true experiment?

Accepted Answer

Simple random assignment to conditions o

Question 10

The practice of including a potential extraneous variable as an independent variable in a factorial design in known as

Accepted Answer

A)  mediation. 
B)  blocking. 
C)  counterbalancing. 
D)  differentiating. 
A)  mediation. 
B)  blocking. 
C)  counterbalancing. 
D)  differentiating.

Question 11

Name and define the three types of order effects that can influence participants' responses in a within-subjects design.

Accepted Answer

In a within-subjects design, also known

Question 12

In a within-subjects experimental design

Accepted Answer

A)  participants fill out questionnaires that assess their personalities and other individuating characteristics. 
B)  a participant takes part in either the experimental or control condition, but not both. 
C)  each participant takes part in both the experimental and control condition. 
D)  there is no chance that an artifact will affect the results. 
A)  participants fill out questionnaires that assess their personalities and other individuating characteristics. 
B)  a participant takes part in either the experimental or control condition, but not both. 
C)  each participant takes part in both the experimental and control condition. 
D)  there is no chance that an artifact will affect the results.

Question 13

Distinguish between qualitative and quantitative independent variables. Give an example of each.

Accepted Answer

Qualitative and quantitative independent

Question 14

Describe how a manipulation check can be used to demonstrate the convergent validity of the manipulation of an independent variable.

Accepted Answer

A manipulation check can be used to demo

Question 15

You conduct a study with one independent variable with three levels. Your analysis of variance (ANOVA) produced a significant F value. What should you do next and why? Be sure to discuss why your answer would differ if you did or did not have an a priori hypothesis.

Accepted Answer

After obtaining a significant F value fr

Question 16

A manipulation is strong when

Accepted Answer

A)  the conditions of the independent variable are found to differentially affect behavior. 
B)  the manipulation is sufficiently clear that participants notice it. 
C)  every participant in a given condition experiences the condition in essentially the same way. 
D)  the content of the manipulation is an accurate reflection of the hypothetical construct being manipulated. 
A)  the conditions of the independent variable are found to differentially affect behavior. 
B)  the manipulation is sufficiently clear that participants notice it. 
C)  every participant in a given condition experiences the condition in essentially the same way. 
D)  the content of the manipulation is an accurate reflection of the hypothetical construct being manipulated.

Question 17

According to your text, conducting a true experiment can rule out the possibility that differences between the experimental and control group were due to factors other than the independent variable. Describe the two of these factors.

Accepted Answer

In a true experiment, researchers aim to

Question 18

Multiple group designs

Accepted Answer

A)  can have only quantitative independent variables. 
B)  compare social groups, such as women and men, on a dependent variable. 
C)  have more than two conditions of the independent variable. 
D)  can have only qualitative independent variables. 
A)  can have only quantitative independent variables. 
B)  compare social groups, such as women and men, on a dependent variable. 
C)  have more than two conditions of the independent variable. 
D)  can have only qualitative independent variables.

Question 19

You conduct an experiment is which you compare the effects of three different amounts of a new drug on memory for sets of random numbers. Your independent variables can be described as being

Accepted Answer

A)  quantitative. 
B)  abstract. 
C)  factorial. 
D)  qualitative. 
A)  quantitative. 
B)  abstract. 
C)  factorial. 
D)  qualitative.

Question 20

Explain how a factorial design can be used to test for moderator effects.

Accepted Answer

Factorial designs are a powerful tool in

The defining characteristic of a factorial design is that it includes

Explain why counterbalancing can be an effective way to control for order effects in a within-subjects design.

When inferential statistics are used, into what categories is the variance on a dependent variable partitioned? How are these categories compared statistically?

What are sensitization effects and how might they result in experimental demand?

Placebo effects are

Dr. Mills has participants rate the attractiveness of an older woman or an older man. She finds the older man is rated as more attractive. One limitation of her study is that

Holding extraneous variables constant as a means of controlling their effects may have the undesirable side effect of

You conduct an experiment with three levels of your independent variable. Before you collect your data, you make predictions about the expected results. When you analyze your data, you find a significant omnibus F value. The next step is to

What is simple random assignment to conditions of an independent variable? Why is it a central aspect of a true experiment?

The practice of including a potential extraneous variable as an independent variable in a factorial design in known as

Name and define the three types of order effects that can influence participants' responses in a within-subjects design.

In a within-subjects experimental design

Distinguish between qualitative and quantitative independent variables. Give an example of each.

Describe how a manipulation check can be used to demonstrate the convergent validity of the manipulation of an independent variable.

You conduct a study with one independent variable with three levels. Your analysis of variance (ANOVA) produced a significant F value. What should you do next and why? Be sure to discuss why your answer would differ if you did or did not have an a priori hypothesis.

A manipulation is strong when

According to your text, conducting a true experiment can rule out the possibility that differences between the experimental and control group were due to factors other than the independent variable. Describe the two of these factors.

Multiple group designs

You conduct an experiment is which you compare the effects of three different amounts of a new drug on memory for sets of random numbers. Your independent variables can be described as being

Explain how a factorial design can be used to test for moderator effects.

Behavioral Science

Research Strategies: an Overview

The Ethical Treatment of Research Participants

The Professional and Social Responsibilities of Scientists

Formulating a Research Question

Developing a Measurement Strategy

The Internal Validity of Research

The External Validity of Research

Field Research

Correlational Designs

Factor Analysis, Path Analysis, and Structural Equation Modeling

The Single-Case Research Strategy

Qualitative Research and Interviewing, Rachel Kraus, Ball State University

Survey Research

Evaluation Research

Data Collection

Interpreting Research Results

Literature Reviewing

Filters

Exam 9: True Experiments

The defining characteristic of a factorial design is that it includes

Explain why counterbalancing can be an effective way to control for order effects in a within-subjects design.

When inferential statistics are used, into what categories is the variance on a dependent variable partitioned? How are these categories compared statistically?

What are sensitization effects and how might they result in experimental demand?

Placebo effects are

Dr. Mills has participants rate the attractiveness of an older woman or an older man. She finds the older man is rated as more attractive. One limitation of her study is that

Holding extraneous variables constant as a means of controlling their effects may have the undesirable side effect of

You conduct an experiment with three levels of your independent variable. Before you collect your data, you make predictions about the expected results. When you analyze your data, you find a significant omnibus F value. The next step is to

What is simple random assignment to conditions of an independent variable? Why is it a central aspect of a true experiment?

The practice of including a potential extraneous variable as an independent variable in a factorial design in known as

Name and define the three types of order effects that can influence participants' responses in a within-subjects design.

In a within-subjects experimental design

Distinguish between qualitative and quantitative independent variables. Give an example of each.

Describe how a manipulation check can be used to demonstrate the convergent validity of the manipulation of an independent variable.

You conduct a study with one independent variable with three levels. Your analysis of variance (ANOVA) produced a significant F value. What should you do next and why? Be sure to discuss why your answer would differ if you did or did not have an a priori hypothesis.

A manipulation is strong when

According to your text, conducting a true experiment can rule out the possibility that differences between the experimental and control group were due to factors other than the independent variable. Describe the two of these factors.

Multiple group designs

You conduct an experiment is which you compare the effects of three different amounts of a new drug on memory for sets of random numbers. Your independent variables can be described as being

Explain how a factorial design can be used to test for moderator effects.

Behavioral Science

Research Strategies: an Overview

The Ethical Treatment of Research Participants

The Professional and Social Responsibilities of Scientists

Formulating a Research Question

Developing a Measurement Strategy

The Internal Validity of Research

The External Validity of Research

Field Research

Correlational Designs

Factor Analysis, Path Analysis, and Structural Equation Modeling

The Single-Case Research Strategy

Qualitative Research and Interviewing, Rachel Kraus, Ball State University

Survey Research

Evaluation Research

Data Collection

Interpreting Research Results

Literature Reviewing

Filters