Question 1

Which of the following would be a mistake rather than a culpable error?

Accepted Answer

A)  Using a small sample size that increases the chances of making a Type II error. 
B)  Failing to determine the reliability of a measure used in your study. 
C)  Losing data because the university's Internet went down. 
D)  All of the above are mistakes rather than culpable errors. 
A)  Using a small sample size that increases the chances of making a Type II error. 
B)  Failing to determine the reliability of a measure used in your study. 
C)  Losing data because the university's Internet went down. 
D)  All of the above are mistakes rather than culpable errors. C

Question 2

For which section of research article is text recycling almost NEVER acceptable?

Accepted Answer

A)  introduction 
B)  method 
C)  results 
D)  discussion 
A)  introduction 
B)  method 
C)  results 
D)  discussion C

Question 3

Explain how a risk/benefit analysis can be used to address whether socially sensitive research should be carried out.

Accepted Answer

A risk/benefit analysis can be used to address whether socially sensitive research should be carried out by weighing the potential risks and benefits of the research. This involves carefully considering the potential harm that could be caused to individuals or communities as a result of the research, as well as the potential benefits that could be gained from the knowledge or insights that the research could provide.

In the case of socially sensitive research, such as studies involving vulnerable populations or controversial topics, it is important to carefully assess the potential risks, including the potential for harm, stigmatization, or exploitation of the individuals or communities involved. This could include risks to their privacy, autonomy, or well-being. On the other hand, the potential benefits of the research, such as advancing scientific knowledge, addressing social inequalities, or informing public policy, should also be carefully considered.

By conducting a thorough risk/benefit analysis, researchers and ethics review boards can make informed decisions about whether the potential benefits of the research outweigh the potential risks, and whether the research can be conducted in an ethical and responsible manner. This analysis can also help to identify ways to minimize or mitigate potential risks, such as by implementing safeguards for participant confidentiality, obtaining informed consent, or involving community stakeholders in the research process.

Ultimately, a risk/benefit analysis can help to ensure that socially sensitive research is conducted in a way that respects the rights and well-being of the individuals or communities involved, while also advancing knowledge and addressing important social issues.

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a positive outcome from recent widely-publicized cases of scientific misconduct in the social sciences?

Accepted Answer

A)  Policies about research practices have changed toward greater transparency. 
B)  Researchers must now have their data verified by their Institutional Review Board prior to publication. 
C)  Researchers who have committed scientific misconduct have been removed from their positions. 
D)  Organizational leaders have instituted training programs that focus on scientific misconduct. 
A)  Policies about research practices have changed toward greater transparency. 
B)  Researchers must now have their data verified by their Institutional Review Board prior to publication. 
C)  Researchers who have committed scientific misconduct have been removed from their positions. 
D)  Organizational leaders have instituted training programs that focus on scientific misconduct.

Question 5

If you were called to be an expert witness in a trial, what factors should you consider before you discuss the research literature on the topic you are testifying about?

Accepted Answer

As an expert witness in a trial, it is c

Question 6

List three reasons why poorly designed research is unethical.

Accepted Answer

Poorly designed research is unethical fo

Question 7

Consider the question of whether research on some topics should be banned or restricted. What is your view on this issue? Explain your reasoning.

Accepted Answer

As a proponent of academic freedom and t

Question 8

When research produces results that could be misused, the researchers should

Accepted Answer

A)  consider not publishing the results. 
B)  clearly spell out the meaning of any published results to minimize the possibility of misinterpretation. 
C)  to the extent possible, monitor the uses to which their research is put and speak out when it appears that re?search is being misapplied or misrepresented. 
D)  do all of the above. 
A)  consider not publishing the results. 
B)  clearly spell out the meaning of any published results to minimize the possibility of misinterpretation. 
C)  to the extent possible, monitor the uses to which their research is put and speak out when it appears that re?search is being misapplied or misrepresented. 
D)  do all of the above.

Question 9

Under what conditions is it ethically acceptable to remove outliers from a data set?

Accepted Answer

Removing outliers from a data set can be

Question 10

Which of the following is an example of accentuating the positive about one's research results?

Accepted Answer

A)  Being more critical of results that are consistent with your hypothesis to ensure you are not biased. 
B)  Focusing attention on statistically significant findings while ignoring nonsignificant findings. 
C)  Dropping the scores for some participants so that your findings better fit your predictions. 
D)  All of the above are ways to accentuate the positive. 
A)  Being more critical of results that are consistent with your hypothesis to ensure you are not biased. 
B)  Focusing attention on statistically significant findings while ignoring nonsignificant findings. 
C)  Dropping the scores for some participants so that your findings better fit your predictions. 
D)  All of the above are ways to accentuate the positive.

Question 11

Which type of outlier might be better labeled an "accurate" data point?

Accepted Answer

A)  error outliers 
B)  interesting outliers 
C)  construct outliers 
D)  Type II outliers 
A)  error outliers 
B)  interesting outliers 
C)  construct outliers 
D)  Type II outliers

Question 12

Imagine you decide to advocate for a specific social policy for which there is a well-defined social science literature. What should you do to ensure that you present the findings described in the literature in a fair manner?

Accepted Answer

When advocating for a specific social po

Question 13

Which of the following statements about the ethics of applying the results of behavioral science research is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Research that has produced valid results in laboratory settings can be applied in clinical settings without raising ethical concerns even if further research is not conducted in the applied setting. 
B)  Because behavioral science is value-neutral, the application of behavior science knowledge raises no ethical questions. 
C)  It can be unethical not to apply research when such application is warranted. 
D)  The ethical guidelines published by the American Psychological Association are sufficient to prevent the unethical application of research results. 
A)  Research that has produced valid results in laboratory settings can be applied in clinical settings without raising ethical concerns even if further research is not conducted in the applied setting. 
B)  Because behavioral science is value-neutral, the application of behavior science knowledge raises no ethical questions. 
C)  It can be unethical not to apply research when such application is warranted. 
D)  The ethical guidelines published by the American Psychological Association are sufficient to prevent the unethical application of research results.

Question 14

The authors of a manuscript are listed in order based on the authors'

Accepted Answer

A)  prestige in the profession. 
B)  intellectual input to the research project. 
C)  seniority in the institution where the research was conducted. 
D)  role in obtaining the grant that funded the research. 
A)  prestige in the profession. 
B)  intellectual input to the research project. 
C)  seniority in the institution where the research was conducted. 
D)  role in obtaining the grant that funded the research.

Question 15

Which of the following statements about plagiarism is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is possible to plagiarize others' work without being aware of it. 
B)  Most cases of plagiarism result from carelessness in citing sources, not intentional fraud. 
C)  The fair use doctrine means that authors can extensively quote others' work without requesting permission. 
D)  Plagiarism can include paraphrasing of others' work as well as direct copying. 
A)  It is possible to plagiarize others' work without being aware of it. 
B)  Most cases of plagiarism result from carelessness in citing sources, not intentional fraud. 
C)  The fair use doctrine means that authors can extensively quote others' work without requesting permission. 
D)  Plagiarism can include paraphrasing of others' work as well as direct copying.

Question 16

According to your textbook, how can research mistakes be distinguished from culpable error?

Accepted Answer

As an AI, I don't have access to your sp

Question 17

Researchers can ethically do which of the following to encourage the application of scientific knowledge?

Accepted Answer

A)  write blogs about their research findings 
B)  testify before legislators about research in their area of expertise 
C)  accept payment for consulting work conducted in their area of expertise 
D)  do any of the above 
A)  write blogs about their research findings 
B)  testify before legislators about research in their area of expertise 
C)  accept payment for consulting work conducted in their area of expertise 
D)  do any of the above

Question 18

Professor Wiley periodically checks his results and, once his findings have reached significance, he stops data collection. Which questionable research practice has he engaged in?

Accepted Answer

A)  data snooping. 
B)  data forgery. 
C)  data trimming. 
D)  data torturing. 
A)  data snooping. 
B)  data forgery. 
C)  data trimming. 
D)  data torturing.

Question 19

Researchers have an ethical obligation to be competent. Which of the following would NOT generally be considered a part of this ethical obligation?

Accepted Answer

A)  ensuring that your results are presented at a conference or are published. 
B)  designing internally valid research 
C)  having a solid theoretical or empirical basis for your hypotheses 
D)  correctly carrying out statistical analyses 
A)  ensuring that your results are presented at a conference or are published. 
B)  designing internally valid research 
C)  having a solid theoretical or empirical basis for your hypotheses 
D)  correctly carrying out statistical analyses

Question 20

Which of the following publication practices would be considered to be ethical?

Accepted Answer

A)  simultaneously submitting the same manuscript to more than one journal 
B)  revising a convention presentation for publication in a journal 
C)  taking the data from a single study and breaking it into pieces to increase the number of publications 
D)  submitting a manuscript that tests new hypotheses based on old data without citing the study that used the old data 
A)  simultaneously submitting the same manuscript to more than one journal 
B)  revising a convention presentation for publication in a journal 
C)  taking the data from a single study and breaking it into pieces to increase the number of publications 
D)  submitting a manuscript that tests new hypotheses based on old data without citing the study that used the old data

Which of the following would be a mistake rather than a culpable error?

For which section of research article is text recycling almost NEVER acceptable?

Explain how a risk/benefit analysis can be used to address whether socially sensitive research should be carried out.

Which of the following is NOT a positive outcome from recent widely-publicized cases of scientific misconduct in the social sciences?

If you were called to be an expert witness in a trial, what factors should you consider before you discuss the research literature on the topic you are testifying about?

List three reasons why poorly designed research is unethical.

Consider the question of whether research on some topics should be banned or restricted. What is your view on this issue? Explain your reasoning.

When research produces results that could be misused, the researchers should

Under what conditions is it ethically acceptable to remove outliers from a data set?

Which of the following is an example of accentuating the positive about one's research results?

Which type of outlier might be better labeled an "accurate" data point?

Imagine you decide to advocate for a specific social policy for which there is a well-defined social science literature. What should you do to ensure that you present the findings described in the literature in a fair manner?

Which of the following statements about the ethics of applying the results of behavioral science research is TRUE?

The authors of a manuscript are listed in order based on the authors'

Which of the following statements about plagiarism is FALSE?

According to your textbook, how can research mistakes be distinguished from culpable error?

Researchers can ethically do which of the following to encourage the application of scientific knowledge?

Professor Wiley periodically checks his results and, once his findings have reached significance, he stops data collection. Which questionable research practice has he engaged in?

Researchers have an ethical obligation to be competent. Which of the following would NOT generally be considered a part of this ethical obligation?

Which of the following publication practices would be considered to be ethical?

Behavioral Science

Research Strategies: an Overview

The Ethical Treatment of Research Participants

Formulating a Research Question

Developing a Measurement Strategy

The Internal Validity of Research

The External Validity of Research

True Experiments

Field Research

Correlational Designs

Factor Analysis, Path Analysis, and Structural Equation Modeling

The Single-Case Research Strategy

Qualitative Research and Interviewing, Rachel Kraus, Ball State University

Survey Research

Evaluation Research

Data Collection

Interpreting Research Results

Literature Reviewing

Filters

Exam 4: The Professional and Social Responsibilities of Scientists

Which of the following would be a mistake rather than a culpable error?

For which section of research article is text recycling almost NEVER acceptable?

Explain how a risk/benefit analysis can be used to address whether socially sensitive research should be carried out.

Which of the following is NOT a positive outcome from recent widely-publicized cases of scientific misconduct in the social sciences?

If you were called to be an expert witness in a trial, what factors should you consider before you discuss the research literature on the topic you are testifying about?

List three reasons why poorly designed research is unethical.

Consider the question of whether research on some topics should be banned or restricted. What is your view on this issue? Explain your reasoning.

When research produces results that could be misused, the researchers should

Under what conditions is it ethically acceptable to remove outliers from a data set?

Which of the following is an example of accentuating the positive about one's research results?

Which type of outlier might be better labeled an "accurate" data point?

Imagine you decide to advocate for a specific social policy for which there is a well-defined social science literature. What should you do to ensure that you present the findings described in the literature in a fair manner?

Which of the following statements about the ethics of applying the results of behavioral science research is TRUE?

The authors of a manuscript are listed in order based on the authors'

Which of the following statements about plagiarism is FALSE?

According to your textbook, how can research mistakes be distinguished from culpable error?

Researchers can ethically do which of the following to encourage the application of scientific knowledge?

Professor Wiley periodically checks his results and, once his findings have reached significance, he stops data collection. Which questionable research practice has he engaged in?

Researchers have an ethical obligation to be competent. Which of the following would NOT generally be considered a part of this ethical obligation?

Which of the following publication practices would be considered to be ethical?

Behavioral Science

Research Strategies: an Overview

The Ethical Treatment of Research Participants

Formulating a Research Question

Developing a Measurement Strategy

The Internal Validity of Research

The External Validity of Research

True Experiments

Field Research

Correlational Designs

Factor Analysis, Path Analysis, and Structural Equation Modeling

The Single-Case Research Strategy

Qualitative Research and Interviewing, Rachel Kraus, Ball State University

Survey Research

Evaluation Research

Data Collection

Interpreting Research Results

Literature Reviewing

Filters