Question 1

What is an odds ratio and how is it interpreted?

Accepted Answer

An odds ratio (OR) is a statistical meas

Question 2

One issue that arises when conducting research with multifaceted constructs as independent variables is whether to treat the facets as separate variables or to combine them into a single variable. It is appropriate to COMBINE the facets when

Accepted Answer

A)  the research focuses on the latent variable represented by the combination of facets rather than in the particular aspects of the variable repre?sented by the facets. 
B)  from a theoretical perspective, the latent variable is more important, more interesting, or represents a more appropriate level of abstraction than do the facets. 
C)  the facets are highly correlated and so represent a single construct rather than different facets of a construct. 
D)  any of the above situations occur. 
A)  the research focuses on the latent variable represented by the combination of facets rather than in the particular aspects of the variable repre?sented by the facets. 
B)  from a theoretical perspective, the latent variable is more important, more interesting, or represents a more appropriate level of abstraction than do the facets. 
C)  the facets are highly correlated and so represent a single construct rather than different facets of a construct. 
D)  any of the above situations occur.

Question 3

Which of the following statements about correlational research is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Correlational research can be used to study variables that cannot be manipulated. 
B)  Correlational research can determine whether one variable is the cause of another variable. 
C)  Correlational research can be used to study variables that it would be unethical to manipulate. 
D)  Correlational research has no advantages over experimental research. 
A)  Correlational research can be used to study variables that cannot be manipulated. 
B)  Correlational research can determine whether one variable is the cause of another variable. 
C)  Correlational research can be used to study variables that it would be unethical to manipulate. 
D)  Correlational research has no advantages over experimental research.

Question 4

What is the purpose of a bivariate regression equation? What are its components?

Accepted Answer

The purpose of a bivariate regression eq

Question 5

Why might a researcher compare the strength of a correlation of two variables in different samples? What statistic would be used for this comparison?

Accepted Answer

A researcher might compare the strength

Question 6

You calculate the correlation between height and weight in a group of research participants. The resulting correlation coefficient represents the ________ correlation between height and weight in your sample.

Accepted Answer

A)  zero-order 
B)  partial 
C)  multiple 
D)  multi-linear 
A)  zero-order 
B)  partial 
C)  multiple 
D)  multi-linear

Question 7

You are interested in the characteristics of women who are interested in joining sororities. You collect data about personal characteristics (your independent variables) from a random sample of first-year female students and later determine if they participated or did not participate in pledging activities (your dependent variable). The most appropriate technique for analyzing your data is

Accepted Answer

A)  logistic regression analysis. 
B)  multiple regression analysis. 
C)  multiway frequency analysis. 
D)  loglinear analysis. 
A)  logistic regression analysis. 
B)  multiple regression analysis. 
C)  multiway frequency analysis. 
D)  loglinear analysis.

Question 8

What does the square of the multiple regression coefficient (R²) represent in a multiple regression analysis?

Accepted Answer

The square of the multiple regression co

Question 9

An attenuated correlation can result when

Accepted Answer

A)  one or both of the measures involved in the correlation has low reliability. 
B)  the range of scores on one or both measures found in the sample is less than that found in the population. 
C)  the relationship between two variables is curvilinear rather than linear. 
D)  any of the above situations occur. 
A)  one or both of the measures involved in the correlation has low reliability. 
B)  the range of scores on one or both measures found in the sample is less than that found in the population. 
C)  the relationship between two variables is curvilinear rather than linear. 
D)  any of the above situations occur.

Question 10

You have conducted a study using a categorical independent variable and a categorical dependent variable. What three types of statistical analysis could you conduct? How would you decide which is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

The three types of statistical analysis

Question 11

Which of the following statements about multicollinearity in multiple regression analysis is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Multicollinearity exists when two or more independent variables in a multiple regression analysis are highly correlated with one another. 
B)  Multicollinearity causes problems for the interpretation of the results of a multiple regression analysis. 
C)  Multicollinearity might be a problem when a study uses multiple operational definitions of an independent variable. 
D)  Multicollinearity improves the ability of a multiple regression analysis to predict scores on a dependent variable. 
A)  Multicollinearity exists when two or more independent variables in a multiple regression analysis are highly correlated with one another. 
B)  Multicollinearity causes problems for the interpretation of the results of a multiple regression analysis. 
C)  Multicollinearity might be a problem when a study uses multiple operational definitions of an independent variable. 
D)  Multicollinearity improves the ability of a multiple regression analysis to predict scores on a dependent variable.

Question 12

Distinguish between multifaceted and multidimensional constructs.

Accepted Answer

Multifaceted constructs refer to a singl

Question 13

The term dichotomization refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  a situation in which the scores on a continuous independent variable are split into two groups, with each group being treated as a category of the independent variable. 
B)  including only two independent variables in a multiple regression analysis. 
C)  comparing the results of multiple regression analyses of the same variables in two groups, such as men and women. 
D)  splitting a data set into two subsamples, running regression analyses in each subsample, and using the mean value of each regression coefficient as the best estimate of that coefficient. 
A)  a situation in which the scores on a continuous independent variable are split into two groups, with each group being treated as a category of the independent variable. 
B)  including only two independent variables in a multiple regression analysis. 
C)  comparing the results of multiple regression analyses of the same variables in two groups, such as men and women. 
D)  splitting a data set into two subsamples, running regression analyses in each subsample, and using the mean value of each regression coefficient as the best estimate of that coefficient.

Question 14

You want to know the extent to which political orientation can predict prejudice with age, level of education, and amount of contact with minority group members controlled. The most appropriate form of multiple regression analysis to use with your data would be

Accepted Answer

A)  sequential. 
B)  statistical. 
C)  simultaneous. 
D)  synchronous. 
A)  sequential. 
B)  statistical. 
C)  simultaneous. 
D)  synchronous.

Question 15

You want to derive an equation to predict first-year college grade point average from Scholastic Assessment Test scores, high school grade point average, and a measure of motivation to success in college. The most appropriate form of multiple regression analysis to use with your data would be

Accepted Answer

A)  sequential. 
B)  statistical. 
C)  simultaneous. 
D)  synchronous. 
A)  sequential. 
B)  statistical. 
C)  simultaneous. 
D)  synchronous.

Question 16

Using a median split to transform a continuous variable into a categorical variable is poor practice because

Accepted Answer

A)  doing so makes dubious assumptions about the similarity of participants in the resulting groups. 
B)  the classifications resulting from median splits may exhibit low reliability. 
C)  using median splits can reduce the statistical power of the data analysis. 
D)  of all these issues. 
A)  doing so makes dubious assumptions about the similarity of participants in the resulting groups. 
B)  the classifications resulting from median splits may exhibit low reliability. 
C)  using median splits can reduce the statistical power of the data analysis. 
D)  of all these issues.

Question 17

Which of the following statements about multiple regression analysis is/are TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is not possible to include curvilinear effects in multiple regression analyses. 
B)  Multiple regression is preferable to a factorial analysis of variance when two or more of the independent variables are correlated with one another. 
C)  Multiple regression analyses cannot use categorical variables as independent variables. 
D)  All of the above are true. 
A)  It is not possible to include curvilinear effects in multiple regression analyses. 
B)  Multiple regression is preferable to a factorial analysis of variance when two or more of the independent variables are correlated with one another. 
C)  Multiple regression analyses cannot use categorical variables as independent variables. 
D)  All of the above are true.

Question 18

Under what circumstances would a researcher test for a change in R²? If the change is statistically significant, what would information would that give the researcher?

Accepted Answer

A researcher would test for a change in

Question 19

What is meant by dichotomization of a continuous variable? Explain why dichotomizing a continuous variable is problematic.

Accepted Answer

Dichotomization of a continuous variable

Question 20

List two reasons why it would be necessary to use a correlational design rather than a true experiment.

Accepted Answer

There are two main reasons why it may be

What is an odds ratio and how is it interpreted?

One issue that arises when conducting research with multifaceted constructs as independent variables is whether to treat the facets as separate variables or to combine them into a single variable. It is appropriate to COMBINE the facets when

Which of the following statements about correlational research is FALSE?

What is the purpose of a bivariate regression equation? What are its components?

Why might a researcher compare the strength of a correlation of two variables in different samples? What statistic would be used for this comparison?

You calculate the correlation between height and weight in a group of research participants. The resulting correlation coefficient represents the ________ correlation between height and weight in your sample.

What does the square of the multiple regression coefficient (R²) represent in a multiple regression analysis?

An attenuated correlation can result when

You have conducted a study using a categorical independent variable and a categorical dependent variable. What three types of statistical analysis could you conduct? How would you decide which is most appropriate?

Which of the following statements about multicollinearity in multiple regression analysis is FALSE?

Distinguish between multifaceted and multidimensional constructs.

The term dichotomization refers to

You want to know the extent to which political orientation can predict prejudice with age, level of education, and amount of contact with minority group members controlled. The most appropriate form of multiple regression analysis to use with your data would be

You want to derive an equation to predict first-year college grade point average from Scholastic Assessment Test scores, high school grade point average, and a measure of motivation to success in college. The most appropriate form of multiple regression analysis to use with your data would be

Using a median split to transform a continuous variable into a categorical variable is poor practice because

Which of the following statements about multiple regression analysis is/are TRUE?

Under what circumstances would a researcher test for a change in R²? If the change is statistically significant, what would information would that give the researcher?

What is meant by dichotomization of a continuous variable? Explain why dichotomizing a continuous variable is problematic.

List two reasons why it would be necessary to use a correlational design rather than a true experiment.

Behavioral Science

Research Strategies: an Overview

The Ethical Treatment of Research Participants

The Professional and Social Responsibilities of Scientists

Formulating a Research Question

Developing a Measurement Strategy

The Internal Validity of Research

The External Validity of Research

True Experiments

Field Research

Factor Analysis, Path Analysis, and Structural Equation Modeling

The Single-Case Research Strategy

Qualitative Research and Interviewing, Rachel Kraus, Ball State University

Survey Research

Evaluation Research

Data Collection

Interpreting Research Results

Literature Reviewing

Filters

Exam 11: Correlational Designs

What is an odds ratio and how is it interpreted?

One issue that arises when conducting research with multifaceted constructs as independent variables is whether to treat the facets as separate variables or to combine them into a single variable. It is appropriate to COMBINE the facets when

Which of the following statements about correlational research is FALSE?

What is the purpose of a bivariate regression equation? What are its components?

Why might a researcher compare the strength of a correlation of two variables in different samples? What statistic would be used for this comparison?

You calculate the correlation between height and weight in a group of research participants. The resulting correlation coefficient represents the ________ correlation between height and weight in your sample.

What does the square of the multiple regression coefficient (R²) represent in a multiple regression analysis?

An attenuated correlation can result when

You have conducted a study using a categorical independent variable and a categorical dependent variable. What three types of statistical analysis could you conduct? How would you decide which is most appropriate?

Which of the following statements about multicollinearity in multiple regression analysis is FALSE?

Distinguish between multifaceted and multidimensional constructs.

The term dichotomization refers to

You want to know the extent to which political orientation can predict prejudice with age, level of education, and amount of contact with minority group members controlled. The most appropriate form of multiple regression analysis to use with your data would be

You want to derive an equation to predict first-year college grade point average from Scholastic Assessment Test scores, high school grade point average, and a measure of motivation to success in college. The most appropriate form of multiple regression analysis to use with your data would be

Using a median split to transform a continuous variable into a categorical variable is poor practice because

Which of the following statements about multiple regression analysis is/are TRUE?

Under what circumstances would a researcher test for a change in R²? If the change is statistically significant, what would information would that give the researcher?

What is meant by dichotomization of a continuous variable? Explain why dichotomizing a continuous variable is problematic.

List two reasons why it would be necessary to use a correlational design rather than a true experiment.

Behavioral Science

Research Strategies: an Overview

The Ethical Treatment of Research Participants

The Professional and Social Responsibilities of Scientists

Formulating a Research Question

Developing a Measurement Strategy

The Internal Validity of Research

The External Validity of Research

True Experiments

Field Research

Factor Analysis, Path Analysis, and Structural Equation Modeling

The Single-Case Research Strategy

Qualitative Research and Interviewing, Rachel Kraus, Ball State University

Survey Research

Evaluation Research

Data Collection

Interpreting Research Results

Literature Reviewing

Filters