Question 1

If people do not recognize a need, how would this finding affect the planning of a program?

Accepted Answer

If people do not recognize a need, this finding would significantly affect the planning of a program in several ways:

1. **Needs Assessment and Research**: The program planners would need to conduct a thorough needs assessment to understand why the need is not recognized by the target population. This could involve surveys, interviews, focus groups, and other research methods to gather data on perceptions, knowledge gaps, and potential barriers to recognizing the need.

2. **Awareness and Education**: The program would likely need to incorporate a strong educational component to raise awareness about the issue at hand. This could involve informational campaigns, workshops, seminars, or other outreach activities designed to inform the community about the need and its importance.

3. **Stakeholder Engagement**: It would be crucial to engage with key stakeholders, including community leaders, influencers, and organizations that are trusted by the target population. These stakeholders can help to legitimize the program and encourage recognition of the need within the community.

4. **Reframing the Issue**: The program may need to reframe the issue in a way that resonates with the target audience. This could involve connecting the need to the audience's values, beliefs, or existing concerns to make it more relevant and compelling.

5. **Incentivization**: To encourage participation, the program might need to offer incentives or demonstrate immediate, tangible benefits of recognizing and addressing the need. This could help to motivate individuals who may otherwise be indifferent or resistant to change.

6. **Pilot Programs and Feedback**: Implementing pilot programs can help to test different approaches to making the need recognized and to gather feedback from the community. This iterative process can inform adjustments to the program to better meet the community's needs and increase its effectiveness.

7. **Marketing and Communication Strategy**: A strategic marketing and communication plan would be essential to change perceptions and encourage recognition of the need. This could involve targeted messaging through various media channels that are most likely to reach and influence the target population.

8. **Monitoring and Evaluation**: Continuous monitoring and evaluation would be necessary to measure the program's impact on the recognition of the need and to make data-driven decisions for program improvements.

9. **Cultural Sensitivity**: The program must be culturally sensitive and consider the beliefs, norms, and values of the target population. This ensures that the program is respectful and does not inadvertently alienate the community it aims to serve.

10. **Collaboration and Partnerships**: Forming partnerships with other organizations and agencies that have a shared interest in the need can pool resources and expertise, leading to a more comprehensive and effective program.

In summary, if people do not recognize a need, program planning must be more strategic and multifaceted, focusing on education, engagement, and communication to ensure that the program addresses the root causes of this lack of recognition and effectively motivates the community to take action.

Question 2

Discuss an example of a program that did not contribute to meeting unmet needs.

Accepted Answer

One example of a program that did not contribute to meeting unmet needs is a government initiative to provide low-income housing in a certain area. While the intention of the program was to address the unmet need for affordable housing, the execution and implementation of the program fell short. The housing units that were built were of poor quality and located in areas with limited access to essential services such as schools, healthcare, and public transportation. As a result, the program did not effectively address the unmet need for safe, affordable housing for low-income individuals and families. Instead, it created further challenges and hardships for the residents who were supposed to benefit from the program. This example highlights the importance of not only identifying unmet needs but also ensuring that the programs and initiatives put in place are effectively designed and implemented to address those needs.

Question 3

The textbook definition of need would include a difference between what people have and what people

Accepted Answer

A)  desire. 
B)  expect on the basis of social norms. 
C)  require to be in a satisfactory state. 
D)  ideally could make good use of. 
A)  desire. 
B)  expect on the basis of social norms. 
C)  require to be in a satisfactory state. 
D)  ideally could make good use of. C

Question 4

List the best key informants for a curriculum development planning committee in a public high school. Add their strengths and weaknesses as information sources to the list.

Accepted Answer

The best key informants for a curriculum

Question 5

The Focus Group approach to assessing needs utilizes

Accepted Answer

A)  representative, randomly selected, members of the public answering a survey. 
B)  selected community members discussing needs with a trained leader. 
C)  selected community members answering a survey. 
D)  randomly sampled census data focusing on a particular social problem. 
A)  representative, randomly selected, members of the public answering a survey. 
B)  selected community members discussing needs with a trained leader. 
C)  selected community members answering a survey. 
D)  randomly sampled census data focusing on a particular social problem.

Question 6

Program goals should stress

Accepted Answer

A)  only final outcome goals. 
B)  only goals related to the functioning of the program. 
C)  specific initial steps since anything can go wrong while offering a human service. 
D)  various types of goals, from the development of resources through final outcomes. 
A)  only final outcome goals. 
B)  only goals related to the functioning of the program. 
C)  specific initial steps since anything can go wrong while offering a human service. 
D)  various types of goals, from the development of resources through final outcomes.

Question 7

Before a program is implemented, the evaluator should

Accepted Answer

A)  not be consulted. 
B)  support whatever decisions the stakeholders make. 
C)  ask about the conceptual foundations of the plans. 
D)  measure outcomes carefully and reliably. 
A)  not be consulted. 
B)  support whatever decisions the stakeholders make. 
C)  ask about the conceptual foundations of the plans. 
D)  measure outcomes carefully and reliably.

Question 8

Why is it important to assess needs with careful awareness of and sensitivity to the social practices of the people who are thought to have unmet needs?

Accepted Answer

It is important to assess needs with car

Question 9

Need assessment is particularly hard because

Accepted Answer

A)  random assignment to groups is ethically wrong. 
B)  statistical analyses so helpful to other phases of evaluation do not apply to need assessment. 
C)  some people deny their needs and others do not recognize some of their needs. 
D)  census figures are so much in error that they cannot be used. 
A)  random assignment to groups is ethically wrong. 
B)  statistical analyses so helpful to other phases of evaluation do not apply to need assessment. 
C)  some people deny their needs and others do not recognize some of their needs. 
D)  census figures are so much in error that they cannot be used.

Question 10

The conceptual model (also called the "impact model") of a program refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  the statistical analysis to be used. 
B)  the needs that program planners ascribe to the population. 
C)  the processes hypothesized to lead to the outcomes desired. 
D)  a careful description of the program participants and the setting of the program. 
A)  the statistical analysis to be used. 
B)  the needs that program planners ascribe to the population. 
C)  the processes hypothesized to lead to the outcomes desired. 
D)  a careful description of the program participants and the setting of the program.

Question 11

Evaluators need to know the specific definitions of good program outcomes because

Accepted Answer

A)  representatives of the media may ask them. 
B)  using specific objectives permits program sponsors to hide their ignorance. 
C)  the staff members might communicate these expectations to the program participants. 
D)  using vague definitions makes it impossible to know if program goals were achieved. 
A)  representatives of the media may ask them. 
B)  using specific objectives permits program sponsors to hide their ignorance. 
C)  the staff members might communicate these expectations to the program participants. 
D)  using vague definitions makes it impossible to know if program goals were achieved.

Question 12

Census data can be used in program planning by

Accepted Answer

A)  asking key informants to evaluate the census data. 
B)  contrasting one community with larger areas, such as a state. 
C)  searching for a community's strong points. 
D)  showing errors in census procedures. 
A)  asking key informants to evaluate the census data. 
B)  contrasting one community with larger areas, such as a state. 
C)  searching for a community's strong points. 
D)  showing errors in census procedures.

Question 13

The staff members of human service programs often __________ the extent of the need for their services.

Accepted Answer

A)  overestimate 
B)  underestimate 
C)  accurately tabulate 
D)  deny 
A)  overestimate 
B)  underestimate 
C)  accurately tabulate 
D)  deny

Question 14

If a target population does not acknowledge the needs that program planners ascribe to them,

Accepted Answer

A)  people will probably still pay for the service. 
B)  funding agencies will never support the service. 
C)  people should be educated about their needs because planners are never wrong. 
D)  people are unlikely to cooperate with the treatment. 
A)  people will probably still pay for the service. 
B)  funding agencies will never support the service. 
C)  people should be educated about their needs because planners are never wrong. 
D)  people are unlikely to cooperate with the treatment.

Question 15

Social indicators are quite valuable; however, they

Accepted Answer

A)  are nearly impossible to interpret to satisfy a client. 
B)  invariably overestimate the need for services. 
C)  seldom display any valid relationship to real social problems. 
D)  can be corrupted to serve political purposes. 
A)  are nearly impossible to interpret to satisfy a client. 
B)  invariably overestimate the need for services. 
C)  seldom display any valid relationship to real social problems. 
D)  can be corrupted to serve political purposes.

Question 16

Knowing the characteristics of the target population will make it easier to

Accepted Answer

A)  get stakeholders' approval for program plans. 
B)  design a useful service program. 
C)  reduce Type I errors. 
D)  develop financial backing for the program. 
A)  get stakeholders' approval for program plans. 
B)  design a useful service program. 
C)  reduce Type I errors. 
D)  develop financial backing for the program.

Question 17

Case studies of individuals who were unable to obtain social services, such as health care or assistance in getting a job,

Accepted Answer

A)  have no place in scientific program evaluation. 
B)  can show the extent of a need for a social service among the residents of a community. 
C)  form the foundation of a quantitative assessment of need. 
D)  can be used to demonstrate that existing social agencies do not meet the needs of all residents. 
A)  have no place in scientific program evaluation. 
B)  can show the extent of a need for a social service among the residents of a community. 
C)  form the foundation of a quantitative assessment of need. 
D)  can be used to demonstrate that existing social agencies do not meet the needs of all residents.

Question 18

Incidence of a problem is to prevalence of a problem as

Accepted Answer

A)  number of cases of the common cold per year is to number of cases of the common cold on a given day. 
B)  number of cases of the common cold on a given day is to number of cases of the common cold per year. 
C)  number of cases of the common cold is to severity of the colds. 
D)  frequency is to magnitude. 
A)  number of cases of the common cold per year is to number of cases of the common cold on a given day. 
B)  number of cases of the common cold on a given day is to number of cases of the common cold per year. 
C)  number of cases of the common cold is to severity of the colds. 
D)  frequency is to magnitude.

Question 19

An impact model permits one to

Accepted Answer

A)  hide a weak program from the evaluator. 
B)  avoid hard decisions about resource allocation. 
C)  lower Type I but not Type II errors. 
D)  relate program activities to final outcomes. 
A)  hide a weak program from the evaluator. 
B)  avoid hard decisions about resource allocation. 
C)  lower Type I but not Type II errors. 
D)  relate program activities to final outcomes.

Question 20

Evaluability assessment refers to careful

Accepted Answer

A)  analysis of stakeholder needs. 
B)  analysis of program plans. 
C)  measurement of program results. 
D)  measurement of program implementation. 
A)  analysis of stakeholder needs. 
B)  analysis of program plans. 
C)  measurement of program results. 
D)  measurement of program implementation.

If people do not recognize a need, how would this finding affect the planning of a program?

Discuss an example of a program that did not contribute to meeting unmet needs.

The textbook definition of need would include a difference between what people have and what people

List the best key informants for a curriculum development planning committee in a public high school. Add their strengths and weaknesses as information sources to the list.

The Focus Group approach to assessing needs utilizes

Program goals should stress

Before a program is implemented, the evaluator should

Why is it important to assess needs with careful awareness of and sensitivity to the social practices of the people who are thought to have unmet needs?

Need assessment is particularly hard because

The conceptual model (also called the "impact model") of a program refers to

Evaluators need to know the specific definitions of good program outcomes because

Census data can be used in program planning by

The staff members of human service programs often __________ the extent of the need for their services.

If a target population does not acknowledge the needs that program planners ascribe to them,

Social indicators are quite valuable; however, they

Knowing the characteristics of the target population will make it easier to

Case studies of individuals who were unable to obtain social services, such as health care or assistance in getting a job,

Incidence of a problem is to prevalence of a problem as

An impact model permits one to

Evaluability assessment refers to careful

Program Evaluation : an Overview

Planning an Evaluation

Developing and Using a Theory of the Program

Developing Measures of Implementation and Outcomes

Ethics in Program Evaluation

Monitoring the Implementation and the Operation of Programs

Qualitative Evaluation Methods

Outcome Evaluations With One Group

Quasi-Experimental Approaches to Outcome Evaluation

Using Experiments to Evaluate Programs

Analyses of Costs and Outcomes

Evaluation Reports: Interpreting and Communicating Findings

How to Encourage Utilization

Filters

Exam 6: The Assessment of Need

If people do not recognize a need, how would this finding affect the planning of a program?

Discuss an example of a program that did not contribute to meeting unmet needs.

The textbook definition of need would include a difference between what people have and what people

List the best key informants for a curriculum development planning committee in a public high school. Add their strengths and weaknesses as information sources to the list.

The Focus Group approach to assessing needs utilizes

Program goals should stress

Before a program is implemented, the evaluator should

Why is it important to assess needs with careful awareness of and sensitivity to the social practices of the people who are thought to have unmet needs?

Need assessment is particularly hard because

The conceptual model (also called the "impact model") of a program refers to

Evaluators need to know the specific definitions of good program outcomes because

Census data can be used in program planning by

The staff members of human service programs often __________ the extent of the need for their services.

If a target population does not acknowledge the needs that program planners ascribe to them,

Social indicators are quite valuable; however, they

Knowing the characteristics of the target population will make it easier to

Case studies of individuals who were unable to obtain social services, such as health care or assistance in getting a job,

Incidence of a problem is to prevalence of a problem as

An impact model permits one to

Evaluability assessment refers to careful

Program Evaluation : an Overview

Planning an Evaluation

Developing and Using a Theory of the Program

Developing Measures of Implementation and Outcomes

Ethics in Program Evaluation

Monitoring the Implementation and the Operation of Programs

Qualitative Evaluation Methods

Outcome Evaluations With One Group

Quasi-Experimental Approaches to Outcome Evaluation

Using Experiments to Evaluate Programs

Analyses of Costs and Outcomes

Evaluation Reports: Interpreting and Communicating Findings

How to Encourage Utilization

Filters