Exam 7: Managing Capacity

Correct Answer:

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The basic waiting line model, also known as the queuing theory, makes several assumptions:

1. Arrival rate: The model assumes that customers arrive at a constant rate over time, following a Poisson distribution.

2. Service rate: The model assumes that service times are constant and follow an exponential distribution.

3. Queue discipline: The model assumes that customers join a single queue and are served on a first-come, first-served basis.

4. Queue capacity: The model assumes that there is an infinite or finite but large capacity for the queue.

5. Population: The model assumes that the population of potential customers is infinite or very large.

In real life, these assumptions may not always hold true. For example, in a fast-food restaurant, the arrival rate of customers may vary throughout the day, with peaks during lunch and dinner times. Additionally, the service times for different customers may vary based on their orders and the efficiency of the staff. In some cases, customers may also have the option to choose between multiple queues, such as at a supermarket with multiple checkout lanes.

The model might be the most accurate in situations where the assumptions closely align with the actual system, such as in a call center with a large number of incoming calls and a standardized service process. In contrast, the model might be the most inaccurate in situations with highly variable arrival and service rates, limited queue capacity, or a small population of potential customers, such as a small doctor's office with limited appointment slots.

Overall, while the basic waiting line model provides a useful framework for understanding and analyzing queues, it is important to consider the specific characteristics of the system in question and adjust the model's assumptions accordingly.