Question 1

The molecule RNA contains the five-carbon sugar

Accepted Answer

A)  lactose. 
B)  ribose. 
C)  deoxyribose. 
D)  glucose. 
E)  uracil. 
A)  lactose. 
B)  ribose. 
C)  deoxyribose. 
D)  glucose. 
E)  uracil.

Question 2

Isotopes of the same element differ by having different numbers of

Accepted Answer

A)  protons. 
B)  neutrons. 
C)  electrons. 
D)  carbon atoms. 
E)  double bonds. 
A)  protons. 
B)  neutrons. 
C)  electrons. 
D)  carbon atoms. 
E)  double bonds.

Question 3

What is the pH of a 0.005 M HCl solution? Assume complete dissociation.

Accepted Answer

pH = 2.3.If pH = - log [H⁺] an

Question 4

Write the chemical formula for the molecule drawn below.Which class of organic molecule does it belong to? Is it most likely polar or nonpolar?

Accepted Answer

C₁₁H₁₂N₂O₂.The presence of the

Question 5

When two or more atoms are chemically linked, the smallest unit of the resulting material is referred to as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  atom. 
B)  molecule. 
C)  element. 
D)  nucleus. 
E)  tissue. 
A)  atom. 
B)  molecule. 
C)  element. 
D)  nucleus. 
E)  tissue.

Question 6

A molecule of sucrose has a molecular weight of 342 Daltons.How many grams of sucrose would be required to make one liter of a 2.5 Molar solution of sucrose?

Accepted Answer

805 grams (per liter).This is

Question 7

When an enzyme reaches its saturation point, the amount of

Accepted Answer

A)  substrate for the enzyme to act upon is very high. 
B)  substrate for the enzyme to act upon is very low. 
C)  product produced continues to increase. 
D)  product produced by the enzyme decreases. 
E)  substrate for the enzyme to act upon is very low and the amount of product produced by the enzyme decreases. 
A)  substrate for the enzyme to act upon is very high. 
B)  substrate for the enzyme to act upon is very low. 
C)  product produced continues to increase. 
D)  product produced by the enzyme decreases. 
E)  substrate for the enzyme to act upon is very low and the amount of product produced by the enzyme decreases.

Question 8

Which of the following elements combine to form nonpolar covalent bonds?

Accepted Answer

A)  carbon and hydrogen 
B)  nitrogen and hydrogen 
C)  sodium and chlorine 
D)  hydrogen and oxygen 
E)  carbon and chlorine 
A)  carbon and hydrogen 
B)  nitrogen and hydrogen 
C)  sodium and chlorine 
D)  hydrogen and oxygen 
E)  carbon and chlorine

Question 9

What makes fats solid at room temperature? The more likely a fat is to be solid at room temperature the more it potentially can contribute to cardiovascular disease.With this in mind which fats will be the most dangerous?

Accepted Answer

The more saturated or the higher the num

Question 10

The center of an atom is called the

Accepted Answer

A)  proton. 
B)  molecule. 
C)  element. 
D)  nucleus. 
E)  electron. 
A)  proton. 
B)  molecule. 
C)  element. 
D)  nucleus. 
E)  electron.

Question 11

Lipids are hydrophobic, and do not usually dissolve in water.Because blood is water-based, the lipid cholesterol is combined with ________ so that it can be transported by blood.

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrophilic molecules 
B)  hydrophobic molecules 
C)  nothing; cholesterol is not transported in blood 
D)  cations 
E)  anions 
A)  hydrophilic molecules 
B)  hydrophobic molecules 
C)  nothing; cholesterol is not transported in blood 
D)  cations 
E)  anions

Question 12

Each of the following is a function of proteins EXCEPT one.Identify the exception.

Accepted Answer

A)  binding to ligands 
B)  transport 
C)  catalyst 
D)  storage of genetic information 
E)  carrying of messages 
A)  binding to ligands 
B)  transport 
C)  catalyst 
D)  storage of genetic information 
E)  carrying of messages

Question 13

Ionic bonds are considered to be strong chemical bonds.Yet, ions dissociate in water.Explain this apparent contradiction.

Accepted Answer

Molecules such as sodium chloride are bo

Question 14

Nucleotides participate in which of the following functions?

Accepted Answer

A)  They combine with oxygen to produce energy. 
B)  They are the building blocks of proteins like cell receptors. 
C)  They form structural elements in the cell membrane. 
D)  They transfer energy and are part of genetic material. 
E)  They store glucose as fat. 
A)  They combine with oxygen to produce energy. 
B)  They are the building blocks of proteins like cell receptors. 
C)  They form structural elements in the cell membrane. 
D)  They transfer energy and are part of genetic material. 
E)  They store glucose as fat.

Question 15

Lipids are considered hydrophobic because they easily dissolve in water.If True what allows them to dissolve in water or if not, what is it about their molecular structure that makes them less likely to dissolve in water?

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

An element's ability to bind to and with other elements is determined by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  the arrangement of electrons in the outer shell of an atom 
B)  its amino acid composition 
C)  its state of glycosylation 
D)  the number of enzymes required 
E)  the amount of folding in its subunits 
A)  the arrangement of electrons in the outer shell of an atom 
B)  its amino acid composition 
C)  its state of glycosylation 
D)  the number of enzymes required 
E)  the amount of folding in its subunits

Question 17

List and briefly describe the seven categories of soluble proteins.

Accepted Answer

The seven categories: enzymes,

Question 18

How many milliequivalents are represented by a mole of bicarbonate ions (HCO₃⁻)?

Accepted Answer

1000 milliequivalents.This is calculated

Question 19

Compare and contrast the chemical bonds between adjacent monomers in DNA, and between two strands of DNA.

Accepted Answer

The bonds holding monomers tog

Question 20

HCl (hydrochloric acid)is considered an acid because

Accepted Answer

A)  in solution it donates its H⁺. 
B)  in solution it decreases the concentration of free H⁺. 
C)  in solution it increases the pH. 
D)  it is similar to ammonia. 
E)  it is able to form hydroxide ions. 
A)  in solution it donates its H⁺. 
B)  in solution it decreases the concentration of free H⁺. 
C)  in solution it increases the pH. 
D)  it is similar to ammonia. 
E)  it is able to form hydroxide ions.

Exam 2: Molecular Interactions

The molecule RNA contains the five-carbon sugar

Isotopes of the same element differ by having different numbers of

What is the pH of a 0.005 M HCl solution? Assume complete dissociation.

Write the chemical formula for the molecule drawn below.Which class of organic molecule does it belong to? Is it most likely polar or nonpolar?

When two or more atoms are chemically linked, the smallest unit of the resulting material is referred to as a(n)

A molecule of sucrose has a molecular weight of 342 Daltons.How many grams of sucrose would be required to make one liter of a 2.5 Molar solution of sucrose?

When an enzyme reaches its saturation point, the amount of

Which of the following elements combine to form nonpolar covalent bonds?

What makes fats solid at room temperature? The more likely a fat is to be solid at room temperature the more it potentially can contribute to cardiovascular disease.With this in mind which fats will be the most dangerous?

The center of an atom is called the

Lipids are hydrophobic, and do not usually dissolve in water.Because blood is water-based, the lipid cholesterol is combined with ________ so that it can be transported by blood.

Each of the following is a function of proteins EXCEPT one.Identify the exception.

Ionic bonds are considered to be strong chemical bonds.Yet, ions dissociate in water.Explain this apparent contradiction.

Nucleotides participate in which of the following functions?

Lipids are considered hydrophobic because they easily dissolve in water.If True what allows them to dissolve in water or if not, what is it about their molecular structure that makes them less likely to dissolve in water?

An element's ability to bind to and with other elements is determined by which of the following?

List and briefly describe the seven categories of soluble proteins.

How many milliequivalents are represented by a mole of bicarbonate ions (HCO₃⁻)?

Compare and contrast the chemical bonds between adjacent monomers in DNA, and between two strands of DNA.

HCl (hydrochloric acid)is considered an acid because

Introduction to Physiology

Compartmentation: Cells and Tissues

Energy and Cellular Metabolism

Membrane Dynamics

Communication, Integration, and Homeostasis

Introduction to the Endocrine System

Neurons: Cellular and Network Properties

The Central Nervous System

Sensory Physiology

Efferent Division: Autonomic and Somatic Motor Control

Muscles

Integrative Physiology I: Control of Body Movement

Cardiovascular Physiology

Blood Flow and the Control of Blood Pressure

Blood

Mechanics of Breathing

Gas Exchange and Transport

The Kidneys

Integrative Physiology II: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Energy Balance

Endocrine Control of Growth and Metabolism

The Immune System

Integrative Physiology III: Exercise

Reproduction and Development

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